Weissensee district

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The district of Weißensee was a district that existed from 1816 to 1950 in the Prussian province of Saxony and the state of Thuringia of the SBZ and GDR . In 1939 it included the four cities of Gebesee , Kindelbrück , Sömmerda and Weißensee as well as another 64 municipalities . Most of its former area is now part of the Sömmerda district and the independent city of Erfurt . Smaller areas today also belong to the district of Gotha, the Ilm district , the Kyffhäuserkreis and the Unstrut-Hainich district .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

Former Prussian District Office Weißensee on the Runneburg

As part of the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the district of Weißensee was established in the administrative district of Erfurt in the province of Saxony on April 1, 1816 . It consisted of the former Electoral Saxon Office Weißensee and the former Electoral Mainz - Erfurtic Office Sömmerda. The latter fell to Prussia in 1802 with the Electoral Mainz state of Erfurt and belonged to the French Principality of Erfurt from 1806 to 1813 . The district office was initially located in Straussfurt and was relocated to Weißensee in 1841.

North German Confederation / German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the district in accordance with the development in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

With effect from October 1, 1932, the neighboring district of Erfurt was dissolved and incorporated into the Weissensee district. On April 1, 1938, the Erfurt district was enlarged by the communities of Bindersleben Hochheim and Melchendorf from the Weissensee district. On January 1, 1939, the district of Weißensee was given the name Landkreis Weißensee in accordance with the now unified regulation .

After the dissolution of the Province of Saxony on July 1, 1944, the district continued to belong to the State of Prussia, but was now subordinate to the administration of the Reich Governor for Thuringia in Weimar - in alignment with the Reich Defense Districts . In the spring of 1945, the district was initially occupied by the US Army, but then part of the state of Thuringia in the Soviet zone of occupation .

On July 1, 1945, the communities Mühlberg , Röhrensee and Wandersleben were reclassified from the Weissensee district to the Gotha district . The district of Weißensee was dissolved and divided on July 1, 1950 as part of the district reforms in the GDR :

Population development

year Residents source
1816 17,469
1843 22,194
1871 26,818
1890 24,927
1900 24,922
1910 25.199
1925 29,856
1933 61,745
1939 63,968
1946 81,498

Local constitution until 1945

The districts were divided into cities, into rural communities and - until their complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. According to the district order of 1872, the district was divided into the cities of Weißensee, Kindelbrück and Gebesee as well as the districts of Schwerstedt, Straussfurt, Tunzenhausen, Ottenhausen, Favoredt and Frömmstedt.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

District administrators

cities and communes

As of 1939

In 1939 the district of Weißensee comprised four cities and a further 64 municipalities:

1 before 1932 in the old district of Weißensee

Defected communities

  • Hochheim , on April 1, 1938 to the city of Erfurt
  • Melchendorf , on April 1, 1938 to the city of Erfurt

literature

  • Friedrich Bernhard von Hagke: Documented news about the towns, villages and goods of the Weissensee district . Weißensee 1867, 728 pages, online . (Chronicles of the cities with excerpts from documents and references to sources that extended beyond the middle of the 19th century)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Weißensee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ First ordinance on the subdivision of the province of Thuringia from July 2, 1945
  2. ↑ 1. Ordinance on the implementation of the law amending the district and municipal boundaries in the state of Thuringia of April 26, 1950
  3. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Erfurt, p. 355 ( digitized version [accessed July 5, 2016]).
  4. ^ Handbook of the Province of Saxony . Rubachsche Buchhandlung, Magdeburg 1843, p. 316 ( digitized version [accessed July 6, 2016]).
  5. ↑ Royal Statistical Office of Prussia (ed.): The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Saxony. Publishing house d. Royal Extra Bureaus, Berlin 1873 ( digitized [accessed July 5, 2016]).
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Weissensee district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ↑ 1946 census
  8. ^ The district of Weißensee in the Thuringia archive portal
  9. ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de, district of Weißensee