Melchendorf
Melchendorf
City of Erfurt
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 6 ″ N , 11 ° 4 ′ 20 ″ E
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Height : | 220-300 m above sea level NN |
Area : | 5.63 km² |
Residents : | 10,390 (Dec. 31, 2016) |
Population density : | 1,845 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | April 1, 1938 |
Postal code : | 99097 |
Area code : | 0361 |
Location of Melchendorf in Erfurt
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View over (old) Melchendorf
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Melchendorf is a district of the Thuringian capital Erfurt with 10,390 inhabitants on an area of 5.63 km². It is located in the southeast of the city on the slope of the Steigerwald .
geography
Melchendorf stretches along the road from Erfurt to Kranichfeld about five kilometers from the city center. South of Melchendorf is the Steigerwald and to the north is the flat Thuringian Basin and the villages of Dittelstedt , Urbich and Niedernissa . The Wilhelminian-style district of Daberstedt adjoins it to the west and the residential suburb of Windischholzhausen to the east . There is a complete development to both of them.
Three districts were formed from the old Melchendorfer Flur: Melchendorf with 10,550 inhabitants and an area of 5.64 km², Herrenberg with 7,701 inhabitants on 1.69 km² and the Wiesenhügel with 5,670 inhabitants on only 0.45 km². The latter two are prefabricated building areas that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s and have since formed their own districts.
The center of Melchendorf is located at the village church of St. Nikolaus with the associated rectory, where Kranichfelderstrasse merges into Haarbergstrasse. The center of Melchendorf extends mainly south of the Catholic Church (i.e. south of the transition from Haarbergstrasse to Kranichfelder Strasse). Here is the Schulzenweg with the oldest houses (17th and 18th centuries). To the south of it are five more streets and alleys and then there is a steep ascent to the “Drosselberg” - a training area still used by the armed forces today.
history
Melchendorf's origins lie in the darkness of history. After the Thuringian kingdom was defeated in 531 by the Franks , who placed the eastern border of their empire on the Saale, Slavic population groups infiltrated the Thuringian area and also reached the Erfurt area, where Melchendorf is located. Like many other places in the neighborhood, it was originally a Slavic settlement. With the integration of Erfurt-Mainz, Melchendorf gradually entered the historical field of vision. Melchendorf is mentioned as a Slavic settlement in a document from 1157. "The Mainz ore monastery had large estates in the corridors of six villages in the immediate vicinity of Erfurt ". That meant the kitchen villages . One of these was Melchendorf. There was and is still speculation about the origin of the kitchen villages. It is most likely that the kitchen villages belonged to the " Mensa episcopalis ", the diocese of Erfurt founded by Bonifatius in 742 . As the landlord, the Frankish king left the above-mentioned villages to the Erfurt bishop as equipment for his maintenance and that of his helpers. With the incorporation of the diocese of Erfurt into the archbishopric of Mainz, the episcopal property remained untouched and from then on the kitchen villages had to take care of the maintenance of the archbishop's officials and, in the event of the archbishop's personal presence in Erfurt The kitchen villages, to which Melchendorf belonged from the start, also had a number of privileges to provide services for the archbishopric. This included duty-free for all goods for personal use vis-à-vis the city of Erfurt and brewing rights .
The direct connection between the kitchen villages and the archbishopric meant that the Catholic faith was preserved in them through the Reformation and these places only have Catholic churches.
Through the Franco-Prussian Treaty of Luneville in 1802 and finally after the Congress of Vienna in 1805, Melchendorf and the other kitchen villages as well as the city of Erfurt came to Prussia. The city of Erfurt had expanded far to the southwest, especially in the first decades of the 20th century, and so in 1938 Melchendorf was incorporated into Erfurt. New buildings in the 1970s and 1980s finally allowed Melchendorf to flow into the urban area of Erfurt, but the old town center has been well preserved.
The Second World War also left its mark on Melchendorf. At noon on March 17, 1945, the place was attacked by a formation of 51 four-engine bombers of the US Air Force . They hit the parish church and destroyed the 34 m high tower, the chancel and the sacristy. There was also damage to the neighboring farms. The sister house of the Eisenhutschen Foundation was almost completely destroyed, six old people died and three sisters were injured. In addition, many of its former residents fell victim to the war or otherwise died as soldiers and officers.
Residential area
Quarter (not official) |
Block groups (official) |
Area (km²) | Population (2000) | Population (2007) | Population (2015) | Population density |
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Melchendorf-West (Seebachstraße - Samuel-Beck-Weg - Kranichfelder Straße - Wiesenhügel) |
1311 + 1312 | 0.86 | 2,322 | 2,421 | 2,340 | 2,721 |
Steigerwald | 1313 | 3.36 | 3 | 2 | 4th | 1 |
Melchendorf village | 1321 | 0.45 | 1,672 | 1,428 | 1,373 | 3,051 |
Drosselberg | 1322 + 1323 + 1324 + 1325 | 0.65 | 5,450 | 5,061 | 5,178 | 7,966 |
Buchenberg | 1331 + 1332 | 0.32 | 1,402 | 1,454 | 1,506 | 4,706 |
Population development
- 1843: 379 inhabitants
- 1910: 798 inhabitants
- 1925: 899 inhabitants
From 1990 to 2009 the population decreased by 2,000 people. Since 2000, the birth and migration balance have been relatively balanced, making Melchendorf a demographically comparatively stable district. The average age is 43.6 years.
Data from the city administration of Erfurt as of December 31st.
year | population | Development (1990 = 100%) |
Development in Erfurt (1990 = 100%) |
---|---|---|---|
1990 | 12,225 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
1995 | 12,911 | 105.6 | 93.4 |
1996 | 12,442 | 101.8 | 91.9 |
1997 | 12,010 | 98.2 | 90.6 |
1998 | 11,843 | 96.9 | 89.3 |
1999 | 11,173 | 91.4 | 88.0 |
2000 | 10,849 | 88.7 | 87.6 |
2001 | 10,805 | 88.4 | 87.4 |
2002 | 10,691 | 87.5 | 87.2 |
2003 | 10,611 | 86.8 | 88.0 |
2004 | 10,497 | 85.9 | 88.4 |
2005 | 10,513 | 86.0 | 88.5 |
2006 | 10,550 | 86.3 | 88.4 |
2007 | 10,366 | 84.8 | 88.5 |
2008 | 10,304 | 84.3 | 88.5 |
2009 | 10,233 | 83.7 | 88.8 |
2010 | 10,211 | 83.5 | 89.2 |
2011 | 10,247 | 83.8 | 89.8 |
2012 | 10,234 | 83.7 | 90.4 |
2013 | 10,250 | 83.8 | 91.1 |
2014 | 10,080 | 82.5 | 91.7 |
2015 | 10,401 | 85.1 | 93.3 |
2016 | 10,390 | 85.0 | 93.9 |
Economy and Transport
There is a larger industrial area between Melchendorf and Windischholzhausen (emerged from the works of the Microelectronics Combine in Erfurt after 1990 ). There are also office buildings for various service providers along Kranichfelder Straße.
Melchendorf is on the L2156, which leads from Erfurt to Kranichfeld and to the A 4 , junction Erfurt-Ost. The street Am Herrenberg, which acts as a bypass, runs parallel to Kranichfelder Straße. The Erfurt Osttangente, an expressway that leads to the A 71 in the north of the city, also begins in the east of Melchendorf .
Melchendorf is connected to local public transport via tram lines 3 and 4.
politics
elections
Political party | City Council 2009 | State Parliament 2009 | Bundestag 2013 | Europe 2009 |
---|---|---|---|---|
voter turnout | 34.1 | 44.5 | 51.6 | 34.1 |
CDU | 17.6 | 22.3 | 30.6 | 20.9 |
The left | 27.5 | 36.7 | 29.3 | 32.8 |
SPD | 32.1 | 17.0 | 17.2 | 18.8 |
Green | 5.4 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 5.7 |
FDP | 4.6 | 5.9 | 1.8 | 5.5 |
Personalities
- Aloys Nordmann (1921–1944), Wehrmacht soldier from Erfurt, who was executed for " statements that degrade the armed forces ". It is cited in literature and in church circles as an example of Christian-motivated resistance against National Socialism.
Web links
- District - Melchendorf. Population with main residence December 31, 2009 ( Memento from December 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ). In: erfurt.de
- Erfurt Statistics - Data and Facts 2011 ( Memento from September 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). In: erfurt.de (PDF; 1.2 MB)
- Erfurt Statistics - Population 2011 ( Memento from January 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (= municipal statistics booklets. Issue 79, edition: August 2012). In: erfurt.de (PDF; 1.8 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Otto Janson: Chronicle of the former Electoral Mainz kitchen village Witterda. Self-published, Erfurt 1934, p. 17.
- ↑ Helmut Wolf: Erfurt in the air war 1939-1945 (= writings of the association for the history and archeology of Erfurt. Vol. 4). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Erfurt e. V. Glaux-Verlag, Jena 2005, ISBN 3-931743-89-6 , pp. 253-254.
- ↑ block group map ( Memento of 17 June 2012 at the Internet Archive ). In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 3.5 MB).
- ↑ Satellite measurement with Google Earth, there may be slight deviations (<3%).
- ↑ Population statistics 2000 ( Memento from June 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (= Kommunalstatistische Hefte. Issue 41 / 1st edition: April 2001), p. 51. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 1 , 3 MB).
- ↑ Population statistics 2007 ( Memento from June 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (= Kommunalstatistische Hefte. Issue 64. Edition: July 2008), p. 54. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 937 kB) .
- ↑ Population statistics 2015 (= municipal statistics booklet. Issue 96. Edition: November 2016), p. 56 ff. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 3.9 MB).