Melchendorf

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Melchendorf
City of Erfurt
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 6 ″  N , 11 ° 4 ′ 20 ″  E
Height : 220-300 m above sea level NN
Area : 5.63 km²
Residents : 10,390  (Dec. 31, 2016)
Population density : 1,845 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1938
Postal code : 99097
Area code : 0361
map
Location of Melchendorf in Erfurt
View over (old) Melchendorf
View over (old) Melchendorf

Melchendorf is a district of the Thuringian capital Erfurt with 10,390 inhabitants on an area of ​​5.63 km². It is located in the southeast of the city on the slope of the Steigerwald .

geography

Melchendorf stretches along the road from Erfurt to Kranichfeld about five kilometers from the city center. South of Melchendorf is the Steigerwald and to the north is the flat Thuringian Basin and the villages of Dittelstedt , Urbich and Niedernissa . The Wilhelminian-style district of Daberstedt adjoins it to the west and the residential suburb of Windischholzhausen to the east . There is a complete development to both of them.

Three districts were formed from the old Melchendorfer Flur: Melchendorf with 10,550 inhabitants and an area of ​​5.64 km², Herrenberg with 7,701 inhabitants on 1.69 km² and the Wiesenhügel with 5,670 inhabitants on only 0.45 km². The latter two are prefabricated building areas that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s and have since formed their own districts.

The center of Melchendorf is located at the village church of St. Nikolaus with the associated rectory, where Kranichfelderstrasse merges into Haarbergstrasse. The center of Melchendorf extends mainly south of the Catholic Church (i.e. south of the transition from Haarbergstrasse to Kranichfelder Strasse). Here is the Schulzenweg with the oldest houses (17th and 18th centuries). To the south of it are five more streets and alleys and then there is a steep ascent to the “Drosselberg” - a training area still used by the armed forces today.

history

Melchendorf's origins lie in the darkness of history. After the Thuringian kingdom was defeated in 531 by the Franks , who placed the eastern border of their empire on the Saale, Slavic population groups infiltrated the Thuringian area and also reached the Erfurt area, where Melchendorf is located. Like many other places in the neighborhood, it was originally a Slavic settlement. With the integration of Erfurt-Mainz, Melchendorf gradually entered the historical field of vision. Melchendorf is mentioned as a Slavic settlement in a document from 1157. "The Mainz ore monastery had large estates in the corridors of six villages in the immediate vicinity of Erfurt ". That meant the kitchen villages . One of these was Melchendorf. There was and is still speculation about the origin of the kitchen villages. It is most likely that the kitchen villages belonged to the " Mensa episcopalis ", the diocese of Erfurt founded by Bonifatius in 742 . As the landlord, the Frankish king left the above-mentioned villages to the Erfurt bishop as equipment for his maintenance and that of his helpers. With the incorporation of the diocese of Erfurt into the archbishopric of Mainz, the episcopal property remained untouched and from then on the kitchen villages had to take care of the maintenance of the archbishop's officials and, in the event of the archbishop's personal presence in Erfurt The kitchen villages, to which Melchendorf belonged from the start, also had a number of privileges to provide services for the archbishopric. This included duty-free for all goods for personal use vis-à-vis the city of Erfurt and brewing rights .

The direct connection between the kitchen villages and the archbishopric meant that the Catholic faith was preserved in them through the Reformation and these places only have Catholic churches.

Through the Franco-Prussian Treaty of Luneville in 1802 and finally after the Congress of Vienna in 1805, Melchendorf and the other kitchen villages as well as the city of Erfurt came to Prussia. The city of Erfurt had expanded far to the southwest, especially in the first decades of the 20th century, and so in 1938 Melchendorf was incorporated into Erfurt. New buildings in the 1970s and 1980s finally allowed Melchendorf to flow into the urban area of ​​Erfurt, but the old town center has been well preserved.

The Second World War also left its mark on Melchendorf. At noon on March 17, 1945, the place was attacked by a formation of 51 four-engine bombers of the US Air Force . They hit the parish church and destroyed the 34 m high tower, the chancel and the sacristy. There was also damage to the neighboring farms. The sister house of the Eisenhutschen Foundation was almost completely destroyed, six old people died and three sisters were injured. In addition, many of its former residents fell victim to the war or otherwise died as soldiers and officers.

Residential area

Quarter
(not official) 		Block groups
(official) 		Area (km²) Population (2000) Population (2007) Population (2015) Population density
Melchendorf-West
(Seebachstraße - Samuel-Beck-Weg - Kranichfelder Straße - Wiesenhügel) 		1311 + 1312 0.86 2,322 2,421 2,340 2,721
Steigerwald 1313 3.36 3 2 4th 1
Melchendorf village 1321 0.45 1,672 1,428 1,373 3,051
Drosselberg 1322 + 1323 + 1324 + 1325 0.65 5,450 5,061 5,178 7,966
Buchenberg 1331 + 1332 0.32 1,402 1,454 1,506 4,706
The residential districts of Melchendorf, with the district of Wiesenhügel in between

Population development

  • 1843: 379 inhabitants
  • 1910: 798 inhabitants
  • 1925: 899 inhabitants

From 1990 to 2009 the population decreased by 2,000 people. Since 2000, the birth and migration balance have been relatively balanced, making Melchendorf a demographically comparatively stable district. The average age is 43.6 years.

Views and impressions
Kranichfelder Strasse
Rectory of the Catholic community
St. Nicholas Church
St. Nicholas statue in the church
Plague column in the rectory

Data from the city administration of Erfurt as of December 31st.

year population Development
(1990 = 100%) 		Development in Erfurt
(1990 = 100%)
1990 12,225 100.0 100.0
1995 12,911 105.6 93.4
1996 12,442 101.8 91.9
1997 12,010 98.2 90.6
1998 11,843 96.9 89.3
1999 11,173 91.4 88.0
2000 10,849 88.7 87.6
2001 10,805 88.4 87.4
2002 10,691 87.5 87.2
2003 10,611 86.8 88.0
2004 10,497 85.9 88.4
2005 10,513 86.0 88.5
2006 10,550 86.3 88.4
2007 10,366 84.8 88.5
2008 10,304 84.3 88.5
2009 10,233 83.7 88.8
2010 10,211 83.5 89.2
2011 10,247 83.8 89.8
2012 10,234 83.7 90.4
2013 10,250 83.8 91.1
2014 10,080 82.5 91.7
2015 10,401 85.1 93.3
2016 10,390 85.0 93.9

Economy and Transport

There is a larger industrial area between Melchendorf and Windischholzhausen (emerged from the works of the Microelectronics Combine in Erfurt after 1990 ). There are also office buildings for various service providers along Kranichfelder Straße.

Melchendorf is on the L2156, which leads from Erfurt to Kranichfeld and to the A 4 , junction Erfurt-Ost. The street Am Herrenberg, which acts as a bypass, runs parallel to Kranichfelder Straße. The Erfurt Osttangente, an expressway that leads to the A 71 in the north of the city, also begins in the east of Melchendorf .

Melchendorf is connected to local public transport via tram lines 3 and 4.

politics

elections

Political party City Council 2009 State Parliament 2009 Bundestag 2013 Europe 2009
voter turnout 34.1 44.5 51.6 34.1
CDU 17.6 22.3 30.6 20.9
The left 27.5 36.7 29.3 32.8
SPD 32.1 17.0 17.2 18.8
Green 5.4 6.7 4.3 5.7
FDP 4.6 5.9 1.8 5.5

Personalities

  • Aloys Nordmann (1921–1944), Wehrmacht soldier from Erfurt, who was executed for " statements that degrade the armed forces ". It is cited in literature and in church circles as an example of Christian-motivated resistance against National Socialism.

Web links

Commons : Melchendorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Otto Janson: Chronicle of the former Electoral Mainz kitchen village Witterda. Self-published, Erfurt 1934, p. 17.
  2. ↑ Helmut Wolf: Erfurt in the air war 1939-1945 (= writings of the association for the history and archeology of Erfurt. Vol. 4). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Erfurt e. V. Glaux-Verlag, Jena 2005, ISBN 3-931743-89-6 , pp. 253-254.
  3. ↑ block group map ( Memento of 17 June 2012 at the Internet Archive ). In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 3.5 MB).
  4. ↑ Satellite measurement with Google Earth, there may be slight deviations (<3%).
  5. ↑ Population statistics 2000 ( Memento from June 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (= Kommunalstatistische Hefte. Issue 41 / 1st edition: April 2001), p. 51. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 1 , 3 MB).
  6. ↑ Population statistics 2007 ( Memento from June 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (= Kommunalstatistische Hefte. Issue 64. Edition: July 2008), p. 54. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 937 kB) .
  7. ↑ Population statistics 2015 (= municipal statistics booklet. Issue 96. Edition: November 2016), p. 56 ff. In: erfurt.de, accessed on November 20, 2017 (PDF; 3.9 MB).