Schleusingen district
The Schleusingen district was a district that existed in Prussia and the SBZ or GDR between 1816 and 1952. From 1946 to 1952 it was called the district of Suhl . In 1939 the district comprised the cities of Schleusingen and Suhl , another 45 communities and six forest estate districts.
Administrative history
Predecessor of the district in the county of Henneberg and in the Electorate of Saxony
The area of the Schleusingen district originally belonged to the Henneberg county . After the prince counts of Henneberg died out , 5/12 of the Henneberg possessions came to the Albertine Electorate of Saxony in 1660 . This affected the offices of Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf with Benshausen (without Schwarza , which went to the Counts of Stolberg ), which were now incorporated as exclaves to the Albertine secondary school- principality of Saxony-Zeitz, founded in 1657 . After the Sachsen-Zeitz line was extinguished, the offices of Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf fell to the Electorate of Saxony.
Kingdom of Prussia
As part of the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the new district of Henneberg was established in the administrative district of Erfurt in the province of Saxony on October 1, 1816 . The district office was in Schleusingen. The district was later named Schleusingen . It consisted of the electoral Saxon portion of the former county of Henneberg with the three offices Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf and the Schwarza exclave of the county of Stolberg-Wernigerode, which was ceded to Prussia . The district formed an exclave of the province of Saxony and was enclosed by the small Thuringian states of Saxony-Coburg-Gotha , Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach and Saxony-Meiningen as well as the Hessian district of Herrschaft Schmalkalden .
North German Confederation and German Empire
Since July 1, 1867, Prussia and thus also the Schleusingen district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . With effect from July 1, 1929, Suhl district town and the district office were moved from Schleusingen to Suhl. On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Schleusingen district, in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.
After the dissolution of the Province of Saxony on July 1, 1944, the district continued to belong to Prussia, but was now subordinate to the administration of the Reich Governor for Thuringia in Weimar - in alignment with the Reich Defense Districts . In the spring of 1945 the district was initially occupied by the American armed forces, but then part of the state of Thuringia in the Soviet zone of occupation.
SBZ / GDR
On October 1, 1945, the community of Stützerbach was reclassified from the Schleusingen district to the Arnstadt district. At the same time, the city of Zella-Mehlis was reclassified from the Meiningen district to Schleusingen district. On January 30, 1946 the Schleusingen district was renamed the Suhl district .
As part of the first district reform in the GDR, the delimitation of the Suhl district was changed significantly on July 1, 1950:
- The community of Gehlberg moved from the Arnstadt district to the Suhl district.
- The communities of Marisfeld , Oberstadt and Schmeheim moved from the Hildburghausen district to the Suhl district.
- The Oberhof community moved from the Gotha district to the Suhl district.
- The municipality of Möckers moved from the district of Meiningen to the district of Suhl.
- The cities of Schmalkalden and Steinbach-Hallenberg and the communities of Altersbach , Asbach , Aue , Bermbach , Breitenbach , Floh , Grumbach , Haindorf , Herges-Hallenberg , Mittelschmalkalden , Mittelstille , Näherstille , Oberschönau , Reichenbach , Rotterode , Schnellbach , Seligenthal , Springstille , Struth- Helmershof , Unterschönau , Volkers and Weidebrunn moved from the dissolved Schmalkalden district to the Suhl district.
- The town of Schleusingen and the communities of Ahlstädt , Benshausen , Bischofrod , Eichenberg , Fischbach , Geisenhöhn , Gerhardtsgereuth , Gethles , Gottfriedsberg , Heckengereuth , Hinternah , Veßra Monastery , Langenbach , Neuendambach , Neuhof , Oberrod , Rappelsdorf , Ratscher , Sankt Kilian , Schönau , Steinbach , Waldau and Wiedersbach moved from the district of Suhl to the district of Hildburghausen.
The administrative reform in the GDR of July 25, 1952 brought further extensive changes to the area:
- The communities of Frauenwald and Vesser of the district of Suhl came to the new district of Ilmenau .
- All of the Narrow Kaldic towns and communities that came to the district of Suhl in 1950 and the community of Möckers became part of the new district of Schmalkalden .
- The remaining area of the district of Suhl together with the town of Schleusingen and the communities of Ahlstädt, Benshausen, Bischofrod, Eichenberg, Fischbach, Hinternah and Sankt Kilian from the district of Hildburghausen formed the district of Suhl-Land .
- The districts of Ilmenau, Schmalkalden and Suhl-Land were assigned to the new district of Suhl .
Population development
year | Residents | source |
---|---|---|
1816 | 25,598 | |
1843 | 34.007 | |
1871 | 38.199 | |
1890 | 44,256 | |
1900 | 47,726 | |
1910 | 55.189 | |
1925 | 58,833 | |
1933 | 59,369 | |
1939 | 64,711 | |
1946 | 85,649 |
District administrators
- 1816–1846 Karl von Uslar-Gleichen
- 1846–1860 Hans von Flotow
- 1860–1872 Eduard Herold
- 1872–1880 Adolf von Heppe (1836–1899)
- 1880–1900 Werner Schotte
- 1900–1916 Ernst Wagner
- 1916–1920 Rudolf Mangold
- 1920–1926 Wilhelm Apel (1873–1960)
- 1926–1932 Eduard Gaertig
- 1932–1933 Ludwig Hamann
- 1933–1945 Walter Sethe (1898–1955)
- 1945–1950 Karl Heym
Local constitution
The Schleusingen district was divided into cities, rural communities and - until their almost complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.
Communities
As of 1939
In 1939 the Schleusingen district comprised two towns and 45 other municipalities:
In 1939, the district of Suhl also included the non-community forest districts Dietzhausen, Erlau, Hinternah, Schmiedefeld, Schwarza and Suhl.
Communities dissolved or left before 1939
- Heinrichs , incorporated into the city of Suhl on January 1, 1936
- Suhlerneundorf , incorporated into the city of Suhl on January 1, 1936
- Heidersbach , incorporated into the Goldlauter community on April 1, 1938
Name changes
In 1929 the rural community of Raasen was given the new name Sankt Kilian .
literature
- Herbert Bauer: Suhl . City and country in the Thuringian Forest. Ed .: Council of the district of Suhl. Progress printer, Erfurt 1955, p. 288 .
Web links
- Schleusingen district administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of April 27, 2014.
Individual evidence
- ^ Fifth ordinance on the district division of the state of Thuringia
- ^ Sixth ordinance on the subdivision of the state of Thuringia
- ↑ Ordinance of January 30, 1946
- ↑ 1. Ordinance on the implementation of the law amending the district and municipal boundaries in the state of Thuringia of April 26, 1950
- ^ Correction of the 1st regulation
- ↑ Law on the further democratization of the structure and functioning of state organs in the state of Thuringia of July 25, 1952
- ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Erfurt, p. 359 ( digitized version [accessed January 5, 2017]).
- ^ Handbook of the Province of Saxony . Rubachsche Buchhandlung, Magdeburg 1843, p. 313 ( digitized version [accessed on July 6, 2016]).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Office of Prussia (ed.): The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Saxony. Publishing house d. Royal Extra Bureaus, Berlin 1873 ( digitized [accessed July 5, 2016]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schleusingen district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ 1946 census