Veßra Monastery

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Veßra Monastery
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Kloster Veßra highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 30 '  N , 10 ° 39'  E

Basic data
State : Thuringia
County : Hildburghausen
Management Community : Field stone
Height : 340 m above sea level NHN
Area : 19.78 km 2
Residents: 296 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 15 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 98660
Area code : 036873
License plate : HBN
Community key : 16 0 69 025
Association administration address: Mauerstr. 9
98660 Themar
Mayor : Wolfgang Möller (FwV)
Location of the municipality of Kloster Veßra in the Hildburghausen district
Ahlstädt Auengrund Beinerstadt Bischofrod Eisfeld Brünn Dingsleben Ehrenberg Eichenberg Eisfeld Grimmelshausen Grub Heldburg Henfstädt Hildburghausen Kloster Veßra Lengfeld Marisfeld Masserberg Oberstadt Reurieth Römhild Schlechtsart Schleusegrund Schleusingen Schmeheim Schweickershausen St. Bernhard Straufhain Themar Ummerstadt Veilsdorf Westhausen Thüringenmap
About this picture
Open air museum Kloster Veßra

Kloster Veßra was a Norbertine - pen and is now a municipality in the district of Hildburghausen in Frankish coined the south of Thuringia . She belongs to the administrative community Feldstein . The administrative seat is in the city of Themar .

The Premonstratensian monastery of the same name is the town's landmark . Today the Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra , an open-air museum for regional history and folklore , is housed here.

geography

Veßra Abbey is located at the confluence of the lock in the Werra .

Community structure

The districts are Neuhof (emerged from the desert and the Hof Atlas in the 17th century) and Zollbrück .

history

The history of the place is closely connected with the eponymous Premonstratensian monastery , founded in the 12th century , which was secularized in the 16th century and then managed as a princely or from 1815 to 1945 as a state domain of Prussia . The collegiate church , consecrated in 1138, served as a village church after the abolition of the monastery , from 1815 as a domain barn and burned down in 1939.

In administrative terms, Veßra belonged to the Henneberg or Electoral Saxon Office Schleusingen until 1815 , then to 1945 to the Prussian district of Schleusingen .

The annexed settlement was always very small. In 1790 there were just under 150 inhabitants, in 1910 there were around 250. The place was characterized by the agricultural use of the domain. At times he was known for the domain stud , which had existed since 1677, but only gained supraregional importance after it had been expanded into the royal Prussian main stud (Veßra main stud) in 1815 . The latter was given up in 1840 in favor of the Graditz main stud . The porcelain factory and painting Herda, Bofinger & Co was active on site from 1893 and employed not only formers and grinders but also porcelain painters . The company, renamed Bofinger & Co after Hugo Herda left the company in 1906 , went into liquidation in 1921 as the Porzellanfabrik Kloster Veßra AG . In 1939, the Heinrich Krieghoff arms factory , which was registered at that time in Suhl (today in Ulm ) , set up a subsidiary plant in Veßra.

During the Second World War 124 men and women had to do forced labor , 98 of them at Krieghoff and 22 on the domain. When an agricultural production cooperative (LPG) was established after the domain was dissolved in 1945 , a tree nursery and a sheep breeding facility were operated in the village .

Municipal council

The municipality council in Kloster Veßra consists of six council members:

  • Fire Brigade Association Neuhof e. Front: 2 seats (35.7%)
  • Home ZNK: 2 seats (26.3%)
  • Alliance Future Hildburghausen: 1 seat (19.9%)
  • Voluntary fire brigade Kloster Veßra: 1 seat (18.2%)

(As of: local election on May 26, 2019)

Monastery complex and open-air museum

Ruins of the collegiate church of St. Marien of the Veßra monastery

The former Premonstratensian monastery Veßra is located on the outskirts not far from the mouth of the lock in the Werra.

The ruins of the St. Marien monastery church, the most important Romanesque architectural monument in the area between the Rhön , Grabfeld and Rennsteig, rise up in the approximately six hectare large courtyard, which is surrounded by a wall . Other buildings of the former monastery complex are grouped around the monastery ruins, such as the gate chapel , the cloister and a remnant of the cloister .

The founding of the monastery goes to the hen Bergisch Count Gotebold II. Back († 1144) and his wife Liutgard. In 1138 the collegiate church was consecrated by Otto von Bamberg . Three years later the monastery received papal confirmation. For centuries Veßra was the home monastery of the Counts of Henneberg, the dynasty that ruled in this area until 1583 . Lord Johann Friedrich von Sachsen secularized the monastery in the course of the Reformation in 1533, with the exception of the collegiate church, which from then on served as the village church . The Counts of Henneberg converted the monastery complex into a sovereign domain in the years from 1543/1544 to 1573, the year of death of the last abbot of Veßra. The new regulation led to the partial decay of the buildings over time. The royal Prussian main stud Veßra abused the nave as a barn for years from 1815. In 1939 a large fire turned the church into ruins. The burial chapel of the Counts of Henneberg is now used as a village church. Today you can still see the great church of Veßra.

After more than 400 years of use as a sovereign, later state domain and from 1953 as the seat of an LPG , Veßra Monastery was given a cultural function again in 1975 with the move in of the Agricultural History Museum of the Suhl district .

Since 1990 the former monastery complex has housed the Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra , in which the buildings of the monastery and domain era are combined with the rural residential, commercial and communal buildings to form an open-air museum . This also includes the implemented village brewery from Wolfmannshausen with the fully functional brewery, which is put into operation several times a year.

  • Old farmhouse from 1716 in the Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra

  • Old watermill partly around 1600 in the Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra

  • Bibra chapel

  • Ruin of the monastery church

  • Chapel of the Dead

Personalities

  • Willi König (1884–1955), meteorologist and university lecturer born in Veßra Monastery

See also

Movies

  • Veßra monastery - encounter with the past. Documentary, director: Robert Sauerbrey, Germany 2012.

literature

(in chronological order)

  • Günther Wölfing : The secularization of the Veßra monastery. In: Yearbook for Regional History. Volume 10. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1983, ISSN  1860-8248 , pp. 115-135.
  • Siegmar Banz, Günther Wölfing: Museum guide / Hennebergisches Museum, Veßra monastery. Museum of Regional History and Folklore. 2nd, improved edition. Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra, Kloster Veßra 1993, DNB 957773315 .
  • Günther Wölfing: Henneberg - through land and time. (= Publications of the Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra. Volume 4). Hildburghausen 1994, DNB 1205162925 .
  • Günter Garenfeld: The monastery church in Veßra. Design for a canopy. Verlag Bildung und Wissen, Bad Homburg / Leipzig 1996, DNB 954687159 .
  • Doris Hackel: The monastery garden in Veßra. A reconstruction based on sources from medieval garden culture. (= Special publication of the Hennebergisch-Franconian History Association. No. 10). Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra, Kloster Veßra 1997, DNB 957773927 .
  • Günther Wölfing, Ernst Badstübner (ed.): Official leader of the Veßra monastery. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-422-03094-8 .
  • Günther Wölfing: The former Premonstratensian monastery Veßra. (= Small Art Guide. Volume 2586). Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 978-3-7954-6537-7 .
  • Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra (Ed.): Conference proceedings / colloquium on the latest research results in the Kloster Veßra in the fields of archeology, building research and preservation of monuments - cloister and cloister. Hennebergisches Museum Kloster Veßra, Kloster Veßra 2012, DNB 1030393354 .

Web links

Commons : Kloster Veßra  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schleusingen district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  3. ↑ According to other sources, the main stud Veßra was not dissolved in 1840, but in 1843.
  4. ↑ Carl Bräuer: Vessra in the stud farms at home and abroad. G. Schönfeld's Verlagbuchhandlung, Dresden 1901, p. 19ff. ( online ).
  5. ↑ Address book of the ceramic industry, Müller, 1906, p. 74.
  6. ↑ Tonindustrie-Zeitung and Keramische Rundschau, Vol. 45, Part 1, 1921, p. 167 and Vol. 30, 1906, p. 1757.
  7. ^ John Walter: A concise dictionary of Guns & Gunmakers. Archiving Industry ( PDF ; English).
  8. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Bund der Antifaschisten und Studienkreis deutscher Resistance 1933-1945 (ed.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser to places of resistance and persecution 1933-1945 (series: Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser, Volume 8, Thüringen). Erfurt 2003, ISBN 3-88864-343-0 , p. 134.
  9. ↑ Renate Oschlies: Students researched the history of forced laborers in their hometown. First they were praised, then ignored. Met in Suhl , Berliner Zeitung of July 12, 2000. online .
  10. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics
  11. ^ Werner Herrmann: Village churches in Thuringia. Verlagshaus Thuringia, 1992, ISBN 3-86087-014-9 , p. 57.
  12. ↑ Brewing beer in the Veßra monastery
  13. ^ Convent Veßra - Encounter with the past. In: Crew-United.com. Retrieved May 17, 2020 .