Schleusingen Office

The Office Schleusingen was a territorial administrative unit of the county Henneberg . After the counts of Henneberg-Schleusingen died out in 1583, the office came under the joint administration of the Albertine and Ernestine Wettins . After the division of the county of Henneberg in 1660, the office was assigned to the Electoral Saxon secondary school Sachsen-Zeitz and in 1718 after its extinction came to the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806 .

Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815, as a Saxon office it formed the spatial reference point for the collection of sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical expansion

The area of the Office Schleusingen belongs historically to Henneberger country . It was on the southern roof of the Thuringian Forest . At Stützerbach in the north, the official area bordered directly on the Rennsteig . The Lengwitz formed the border to the Ilmenau office .

The lock , which gives the town of Schleusingen its name, formed the eastern Ams limit in the upper reaches. The city itself is on the Nahe , which was in office throughout the course. Other tributaries of the Nahe in the area are the Alder and the Vesser . At Veßra Abbey at the lock, the office was only a short distance from the Werra .

The former Schleusingen office is now in the south of the Free State of Thuringia and is mostly in the Hildburghausen district , three places in the northeast are now in the Ilm district and two places in the northwest belong to the independent city of Suhl .

Adjacent administrative units

The area of the Schleusingen office bordered

in the northwest to the offices of Kühndorf and Suhl (County of Henneberg, after 1660 to the Principality of Saxony-Zeitz, 1718 to Kursachsen, 1815 to Prussia),
in the north to the Black Forest office of the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha ,
in the northeast to the exclave Amt Ilmenau of the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach (formerly part of the county of Henneberg),
in the east to the Eisfeld office of the Duchy of Saxony-Hildburghausen (formerly part of the New Rulership of Henneberg),
in the south to the office of Hildburghausen of the Duchy of Saxony-Hildburghausen (formerly part of the New Lordship of Henneberg) and
in the west to the Themar office of the duchies of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg / Saxony-Coburg-Saalfeld (formerly part of the county of Henneberg).

history

Belonging to the county of Henneberg

Schleusingen was first mentioned in a document in 1232 as villa Slusungen . Count Poppo VII von Henneberg had the Bertholdsburg built as an official seat and fortification in the period from 1226 to 1232 . In 1274, the main division of the county of Henneberg into three lines. The Schleusinger , based at Schloss Bertholdsburg, emerged from this division as the most powerful line . Henneberg-Schleusingen also existed the longest, until 1583. In 1310, Berthold VII von Henneberg-Schleusingen, who had received the Henneburg in 1274, was raised to the rank of prince . From then on, the county bore the title of Fürstete Grafschaft Henneberg . After the death of Count Heinrich VIII von Henneberg-Schleusingen , an inheritance was divided between Heinrich's brother Count Johann I von Henneberg-Schleusingen († 1359) and Heinrich's wife Jutta von Brandenburg in the Schleusinger line in 1347 . The Schleusingen office as the main area of the Henneberg-Schleusingen line remained with Count Johann I.

Spiritual center Henneberg's was founded by the hen salvors in 1131 Prämonstratenser - Monastery Veßra (now Hennebergisches Kloster Veßra) that almost all generations served as grave lay. Count Wilhelm IV of Henneberg-Schleusingen joined the Reformation in 1544 . Lack of money led to a bond to the Wettin Sachsenhaus, as no partner could be found in the Catholic franc. On September 1, 1554, in the town hall of Kahla between the Ernestine dukes Johann Friedrich II. , Johann Wilhelm I and Johann Friedrich III. the younger , as well as Count Wilhelm, Georg Ernst and Popo von Henneberg, decided on the Ernestine-Henneberg hereditary brotherhood .

Belonging to the Electorate of Saxony

The Kahla contract with the Wettins provided for Henneberg to be taken over by Saxony if the Henneberg line died childless. This case occurred with the death of the last Count von Henneberg , Georg Ernst von Henneberg-Schleusingen, in 1583.

After the duchy counts of Henneberg died out, 7/12 of the Henneberg possessions came to the Ernestines , but they initially remained under joint administration with the remaining 5/12 Albertines based in Meiningen . The rule of Schmalkalden came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel . Since the Ernestines and Albertines could not agree on the inheritance, the county of Henneberg was dissolved in 1660/61.

In the Saxon partition treaty of 1660, 5/12 of the county of Henneberg fell to the Albertines . This affected the offices of Schleusingen, Suhl and Kühndorf , which were now incorporated as exclaves to the Albertine secondary school- principality of Saxony-Zeitz, founded in 1657 . After the Saxony-Zeitz line was extinguished in 1718, the offices of Schleusingen, Suhl and Kühndorf fell to the Electorate of Saxony .

The county of Henneberg belonged to the Franconian Empire until 1806 . It had a bridging function between Franconia and the Thuringian / Saxon area .

Belonging to Prussia

As a result of the defeat of the Kingdom of Saxony , the Congress of Vienna in 1815 decided to assign territories to the Kingdom of Prussia . a. concerned the electoral part of the former Henneberg county with its three offices.

From 1815 Schleusingen belonged to Prussia and in 1816 was raised to the district seat of the Henneberg district. The area later renamed Kreis Schleusingen was now a Prussian exclave, which belonged to the administrative district of Erfurt in the province of Saxony . Until its dissolution in 1945 it united the places of the former electoral Saxon offices Schleusingen, Suhl and Kühndorf and the former exclave Schwarza (Thuringian Forest) of the county of Stolberg . With effect from July 1, 1929, Suhl district town and the district office were moved from Schleusingen to Suhl.

Successor of the Schleusingen district after 1945

The Schleusingen district was incorporated into the state of Thuringia in 1945 and renamed the Suhl district in 1946 , as its district office had already been moved from Schleusingen to Suhl in 1929. The town of Schleusingen belonged to the Hildburghausen district for two years from 1950 to 1952 , but then returned to the newly formed Suhl district . The Schleusingen District Court was dissolved in 1951.

With the exception of the places Vesser , Schmiedefeld am Rennsteig and Stützerbach (all part of the Ilmenau district ), the Schleusingen district became completely part of the Suhl district as a result of the district reforms in the GDR in 1952 . In addition there were Gehlberg from the Arnstadt district , Oberhof from the Gotha district and the formerly independent town of Zella-Mehlis ( Meiningen district ) until 1936 .

With the district reform in Thuringia in 1994 , the southeastern part of the district (large part of the former Schleusingen district with the town of Schleusingen ) became part of the Hildburghausen district , the northwestern part (large part of the Kühndorf district ) came to the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district and the Gehlberg community to the Ilm district . Places that bordered directly on the city of Suhl were incorporated there. Suhl remained an independent city.