Kahla

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Kahla (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 48 '  N , 11 ° 35'  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Height :	177 m above sea level NHN
Area :	7.89 km 2
Residents:	6795 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	861 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07768
Area code :	036424
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 044
City administration address :	Market 10 07764 Kahla
Website :	www.kahla.de
Mayor :	Jan Schönfeld
Location of the city of Kahla in the Saale-Holzland district

Margarethen-Stadtkirche ( Location → )

Kahla is a small town in the middle Saale valley , south of Jena . Kahla is the seat of the administrative association Südliches Saaletal , but not itself a VG member.

geography

Kahla extends over altitudes between 160 and 180 m above sea level. NN.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Altenberga , Bibra , Großeutersdorf , Großpürschütz , Kleineutersdorf , Lindig , Schöps and Seitenroda .

history

The place is mentioned in a document for the first time in 876 under the name Calo . The Kahla Castle was located in today's old town of Kahla on a north-facing spur of the Saale mountain in the area of ​​the mouth of the Reinstädter Bach. In Kahla at that time the “Hohe Straße” crossed the Beckerskirchhof, coming from the west, past the Weißacker desert, grazing the Hornissenberg and the Kaltenberg, crossing the Saale, continuing south and west. In 1184 a knight was named Gottschalk von Kale. He was probably subordinate to the Count of Weimar-Orlamünde and had his seat at Kahla Castle. In 1283 the Lords of Lobdeburg-Leuchtenburg sat in the fortress. Shortly thereafter, the city was founded on schedule. Between 1283 and 1333 Kahla received city ​​rights . From 1333 castle, town and country belonged to the Grafschaft Schwarzburg . After the Count's War (1346-1349) the area was subordinated to the Thuringian Landgrave. The castle was mentioned for the last time in a document in 1441. Structural remains have not yet been found. The church stands in the square of the castle.

A severe fire in 1345 destroyed all documents that had been preserved to date. After another fire in 1520, the city was rebuilt and its building structure was largely retained.

During the Reformation and the Peasant Wars , Kahla was to be found in the Protestant camp: in 1523 the religious works of art in the Margarethenkirche fell victim to an iconoclasm . In 1524 the reformer Martin Luther also preached in Kahla.

In 1632 Kahla was sacked in the Thirty Years War .

In 1718 a violation of the beer mile between the citizens of Kahla and Orlamünde led to a beer battle with wounds.

From 1843 to 1844 the manufacture of porcelain began in Kahla , an industry that still exists. The KAHLA / Thüringen Porzellan GmbH is now still a major employer and makes the town's name far beyond the borders of Thuringia also known.

Around 1920 the previously independent community of Löbschütz was incorporated into Kahla.

Underground production of aircraft at Kahla in 1945

During the Second World War , at least 156 prisoners of war from France and women and men from Ukraine had to do forced labor in local companies and institutions : in the porcelain factory , in the Otto sawmill , in the Moser iron foundry , in the city ​​administration , at the Müller & Guhlmann company and at of the Gustav Vogelsang company . In 1944 and 1945, one of the underground armaments projects , the REIMAHG , was implemented in the area around Kahla . In Walpersberg 150,000 m² production area emerged. 15,000 forced laborers were deported from their home countries to Germany for this project. The first of them were housed in the specially established Reich labor camp Kahla Th. In Kahla. The Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter was to be built in series in the REIMAHG . The working conditions led to around 650 victims of forced labor who were buried in a separate cemetery above the cemetery on Bachstrasse; most of them were Italians . In 1974 a central memorial for all victims of the REIMAHG was built in Leubengrund on the road from Kahla-Löbschütz to Lindig , the exact number of which (fluctuating between 2,800 and 6,000) can probably no longer be determined.

From 1949 to 1990, Kahla was part of the GDR and is known here for its porcelain products.

Population development

Church in Kahla-Löbschütz

Development of the population (from 1960: December 31 each year) :

1831: 2,337 1890: 3,555 1933: 7,540 1939: 7.665 1960: 8,599

1994: 8.310 1995: 8.189 1996: 8.053 1997: 7.917 1998: 7,861 1999: 7,763

2000: 7,666 2001: 7,598 2002: 7,489 2003: 7,457 2004: 7,428 2005: 7,425

2006: 7,388 2007: 7,366 2008: 7,312 2009: 7,255 2010: 7,272 2011: 7.121

2012: 7,066 2013: 7,022 2014: 6,909 2015: 6,940 2016: 6,875 2017: 6,902

2018: 6,822 2019: 6,795

Data source from 1994: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

politics

City council

Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the seats in the Kahla City Council are distributed as follows:

Town hall ( location → )

Party / list	Seats	Share of votes
The left	5	24.1%
CDU	3	15.2%
SPD	2	11.7%
Free voters Kahla	9	43.5%
BIG *	1	05.6%

^* Citizens' initiative against excessive taxes Holzland e. V.

mayor

In May 2012 the lawyer Claudia Nissen was elected mayor of the Left Party. It received 51.5 percent of the vote, while competitor Steve Ringmayer from the CDU received 48.5 percent. Bernd Leube had previously been mayor for 22 years.

In the local elections on April 15, 2018 and April 29, 2018 (run-off), incumbent Claudia Nissen-Roth was elected and Jan Schönfeld was elected as the new mayor of the city of Kahla, who will take office on July 1, 2018.

Right-wing extremism

After the neo-Nazi scene was largely displaced from nearby Jena , Kahla quickly developed into the focus of right-wing extremist and neo-Nazi activity in Thuringia without any headwinds from the residents . Neo-Nazis own several properties in the city. According to the coordination and contact point for the program against xenophobia, right-wing extremism, anti-Semitism and intolerance in Jena, neo-Nazis in Kahla have achieved “cultural hegemony”. On November 27, 2017, the former CDU parliamentary group member in the city council, Oliver Noack, who switched to the AfD in 2016 , committed suicide . AfD sympathizers portrayed him on the Internet as a conspiracy and murder victim.

coat of arms

Description : “In silver, Saint Margaret in a red top and white undergarment with a golden crown on her head, a golden halo, a golden belt, with her right foot standing on a green winged dragon with a red tongue, a white cross staff in her right hand , which she thrusts into the throat of the dragon, on the left by a six-pointed golden star and on the right in the approximate center of the staff by the Schwarzburg coat of arms (in blue a golden, crowned, jumping, right-turning lion). "

Town twinning

A partnership with the city of Schorndorf in Baden-Württemberg has existed since 1991 .

Culture, sights and geology

Sights in and around Kahla are the almost completely preserved medieval town wall and the farm bourgeois houses from the same period, the late medieval town church of St. Margarethen with the completely preserved pre-Reformation bell, the Catholic Church of St. Nicholas , built in 1486 , the light castle from the 13th century , the Rieseneck hunting grounds , one of the best-preserved baroque hunting grounds in Europe, and the Dohlenstein , a 352 m high limestone cliff, the rocky eruptions of which have repeatedly changed the course of the Saale over the centuries and thus shaped the landscape. The geological conditions in the middle Saale valley have shaped the city in many ways.

Memorials

A death march stele in the Kahla-Löbschütz district has been commemorating the victims of the death march of prisoners from Buchenwald concentration camp since 1985 , who were driven through the town in spring 1945.

Economy and Infrastructure

Kahla Station (2017)

Kahla was and is an important industrial and business location. Probably the best known company is KAHLA / Thuringia Porcelain . The Griesson-de-Beukelaer group has the largest of its production sites in Kahla; A new production facility for the Prinzen Rolle has been built since February 2018 .
Kahla is on the federal highway 88 (Eisenach-Naumburg). The station is on the Großheringen – Saalfeld railway line , which was opened in 1874 by the Saal-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . The Saale cycle path leads past Kahla on the east bank of the Saale.

Personalities

People who were born in Kahla

• Johann Walter (1496–1570), composer, song writer, advisor to Martin Luther for church singing
• Stephan Riccius (1512–1588), theologian and reformer
• Christoph Gundermann (1549–1622), Lutheran theologian from Kahla
• Georg Grübel (1647–1698), Leibmedicus at the court of Dresden and member of the “ Leopoldina ” academy of scholars .
• Christian Deegen (1798–1888), first German dahlia breeder
• Paul Rudolph (1858–1935), physicist
• Otto Dobencker (1859–1938), educator, diplomat and Thuringian historian
• Wilhelm Bauer (1889–1969), pedagogue, editor and Evangelical Lutheran Church Council of German Christians
• Eugen Walter Büttner (1907–1975), member of the SS; Camp manager of various sub-camps of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp .
• Lothar Zitzmann (1924–1977), painter
• Regina Schulz (* 1948), politician (SED, PDS, Left Party)
• Bernd Jäger (* 1951), apparatus gymnast

People who worked on site

• Paul Rebhun (1505–1546), writer and reformer, between 1529 and 1535 teacher in Kahla
• Thomas Naogeorg (1508–1563), theologian and reformer, lived temporarily in Kahla in the 1540s
• Martin Mirus (1532–1593), Lutheran theologian, 1572 pastor in Kahla
• Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther (1811–1887), Protestant theologian, worked as a private tutor in Kahla between 1833 and 1837
• Luise Glaß (1857–1932), writer, lived in Kahla for several years
• Georg Spillner (1908–1998), known as the music clown NUK, lived in Kahla
• Karl-Heinz Hoffmann (* 1937), right-wing extremist, grew up in Kahla, at times he owned larger parts of the Kahla city center, including a dozen houses
• Wolfgang Nieblich (* 1948), painter and visual artist, grew up in Kahla
• Pierre Geisensetter (* 1972), TV presenter, lived in Kahla until 1982
• Ron Winkler (* 1973), writer, lived in Kahla until 1995
• Ingo Walther (* 1969), soccer player, with SV 1910 Kahla from 1986 to 1997

See also

• Geology of the Middle Saale Valley

literature

• Heinrich Bergner : History of Kahlas. Issue 2. Published by the Association for History and Antiquity. Hofdruckerei J. Beck, Kahla 1919, p. 176.
• Communications from the Association for History and Antiquity in Kahla. Kahla 1871 ff., ZDB -ID 801742-6 , ( digitized ).

Web links

Commons : Kahla  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Kala in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Kahla  - travel guide

• Website of the city of Kahla
• Website of the Evang.-Luth. Kahla parish

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Kahla: How a place in Thuringia became a neo-Nazi stronghold - SPIEGEL ONLINE . Website spiegel.de. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
3. ^ Kahla Thuringia - Mayor of the city of Kahla . City website. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
4. ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , pp. 150-151.
5. ↑ Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. 430 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 201.
6. ↑ Kahla Castle.
7. ↑ Elbe-Saale-Hopfen gives a good drop. 10th Elbe-Saale Hop Day. Thuringian State Agency for Agriculture, Jena 2010, p. 16.
8. ↑ ReimaHG on thirdreichruins.com , accessed on November 11, 2017
9. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (Ed.): Local history guide to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945. Volume 8: Thuringia. VAS - Verlag für Akademische Schriften, Frankfurt am Main 2003, ISBN 3-88864-343-0 , p. 213 ff.
10. ↑ City of Kahla - City Council Election 2019, final result , accessed on October 20, 2019
11. ^ Claus Peter Müller: The scripts of the right-wing extremists. In: FAZ.net . May 14, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2017 . 
12. ↑ New Nazi stronghold Kahla. In: planet-wissen.de. October 8, 1981. Retrieved April 20, 2017 . 
13. ↑ On the axis along "Heil-Hitler-Strasse". In: vice.com. Retrieved April 20, 2017 . 
14. ↑ AfD city council found dead: Right-wingers suspect a conspiracy - the police disagree , Huffington Post, November 29, 2017
15. ↑ Kahlaer AfD city council found dead , Thüringer Allgemeine, November 29, 2017
16. ↑ kahla.de
17. ↑ Rheinische Post online November 16, 2018: "We had no choice" - De Beukelaer defends decision .
18. ↑ www.griesson-debeukelaer.de
19. ↑ www.saaleradweg.de
20. ↑ Georg Spillner: Clown Nuk. The mask set me free. From 87 years of life told and reported, drawn and exposed. (Arthur Göttert wrote the text after extensive tape discussions). Göttert, Löhne / Westf. 1995, ISBN 3-929793-29-6 .
21. ↑ http://www.artae.de/popup/workshops08.html
22. ↑ https://vdocuments.mx/sportstadt-magazin-maerz-2012.html

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