Hermsdorf (Thuringia)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 54 '  N , 11 ° 51'  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Management Community :	Hermsdorf
Height :	330 m above sea level NHN
Area :	7.49 km 2
Residents:	8051 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	1075 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07629
Area code :	036601
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 041
City administration address :	Eisenberger Strasse 56 07629 Hermsdorf
Website :	www.vg-hermsdorf.de/hermsdorf.html
Mayor :	Benny Hofmann (independent)
Location of the city of Hermsdorf in the Saale-Holzland district

Hermsdorf is a small town in East Thuringia and the seat of the Hermsdorf administrative community in the Saale-Holzland district . On October 7, 1969, Hermsdorf was granted city rights and limited commemorative coins were distributed to the city's population.

geography

Hermsdorf Cross

location

Hermsdorf is located in the middle (each about 20-25 km away) between the two East Thuringian cities of Jena and Gera and about 55 km southwest of Leipzig . Hermsdorf is the center of the Thuringian wood country . It owes its popularity among other things to the Hermsdorfer Kreuz . This is where the Frankfurt am Main - Dresden ( A 4 ) and Berlin - Munich ( A 9 ) motorways intersect .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Bad Klosterlausnitz , Reichenbach and Schleifreisen in the Saale-Holzland district and Kraftsdorf in the district of Greiz .

history

12th to 19th centuries

There is evidence of Hermsdorf from 1173 onwards. On a secret court day, which, under the circumstances after 1173, had only taken place in the later “Zum Schwarzen Bär” inn, Emperor Friedrich I (“Barbarossa”) relieved the King of Bohemia of his dignity. This is proven by the scientific work of Karl Pertz and Wilhelm Giesebrecht, two historians of the 19th century.

The historical series of novels by the writer Sabine Ebert : The Midwife's Secret , The Midwife's Trail and The Midwife's Decision lead back to the time of Emperor Barbarossa. The three books are based on historical backgrounds that have been researched by the author. In the 2nd volume Sabine Ebert also describes the Hoftag of 1173. However, she initially assumed incorrectly that Hermsdorf SA is in Saxony, and failed to recognize that SA meant the abbreviation for Sachsen-Altenburg .

From the statements of the two historians Pertz and Giesebrecht, underpinned by the novel research by the author Sabine Ebert, it can be clearly concluded that the deed of donation from 1256 is not the first in which Hermsdorf was mentioned. The documents show that Emperor Friedrich I traveled to Eisenberg. Due to the secret court day, the protocol ends here. Due to the temporal context, the secret court day of 1173 can only have taken place in the relaxation and later restaurant "Zum Schwarzen Bär".

Hermsdorf was mentioned in another document in 1256. The abundance of wood ( Thuringian woodland ) and the convenient location (trade route Naumburg – Regensburg with suburbs in Hermsdorf) favored the development of the place. Hermsdorf belonged to the Wettin district office of Eisenberg , which was under the sovereignty of various Ernestine duchies due to several divisions during its existence . In 1826 the place came with the southern part of the Eisenberg district office and the city of Eisenberg from the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg to the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg . Hermsdorf belonged to the western district of the duchy, which was spatially separated from the part of the country around the residential city of Altenburg . From 1920 he belonged to the state of Thuringia .

Industrial development began with the construction of the Weimar – Gera railway in 1872/76.

20th century

The construction of the junction of today's A 9 and A 4 motorways in the 1930s brought about an improvement in the infrastructure.

During the Second World War , 3,586 foreign / forced laborers and prisoners of war from 15 nations were employed in Hermsdorf, most of them in the Hescho (Hermsdorf-Schomburg-Isolatoren-Gesellschaft, later KWH), the rest in various small businesses. The following table shows their origin and number.

country	people
USSR	1823
France	0572
Poland	0491
Belgium	0314
Croatia	0186
Italy	0115
protectorate	0025th
Netherlands	0022nd

country	people
Luxembourg	10
Czech Republic	06th
Hungary	05
Austria	02
Bulgaria	01
Romania	01
Stateless	13

Of these, 47 from the USSR died in Hermsdorf, 9 from Poland, 2 from Italy, 2 from France, 2 from Belgium (62 in total) and 33 Russian and Polish children aged 0 to 14 years.

KWH pilot plant (1977)

For many decades of the 20th century, especially during the GDR era, the town was shaped by the large company VEB Keramische Werke Hermsdorf (KWH). The company premises included, among other things, the largest open-air high-voltage test field in Europe at the time, whose three steel mesh test bridges, up to 75 meters high and visible for miles, became the city's most famous landmarks. This landmark was demolished in 1992 by blowing up.

In the 1960s and 1970s in particular, extensive residential construction activities took place in the north of the city as a result of industrial development. On October 7, 1969, Hermsdorf received city rights. At that time the place had more than 9,000 inhabitants. With the granting of the town charter, the “successful socialist development” of the place should also be recognized.

Population development

The town had the highest population in 1985. Development of the population (as of December 31st) :

1691 to 1960 1691: 0.224 1720: 0.491 1823: 0.851 1841: 1,095 1933: 3.502 1939: 4,524 1946: 5,867 1 1950: 5,798 2 1960: 5,694

1981 to 1999 1981: 11.056 1984: 10.835 1985: 11.071 1994: 09,463 1995: 09,361 1996: 09.261 1997: 09.122 1998: 09.101 1999: 09.009

2000 to 2008 2000: 9.006 2001: 8.907 2002: 8,865 2003: 8,745 2004: 8,699 2005: 8,609 2006: 8,591 2007: 8,593 2008: 8,517

2009 to 2017 2009: 8,479 2010: 8,384 2011: 7,999 2012: 7,867 2013: 7,800 2014: 7,681 2015: 7,689 2016: 7,724 2017: 7,802

from 2018 2018: 7,893 2019: 8.051

Data source from 1994: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

politics

City council

Hermsdorf town hall

The city council consists of the mayor and 20 city councilors. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:

Party / list	Share of votes	Seats	+/-
CDU	22.1%	4th	- 1
left	17.1%	4th	- 1
SPD	16.8%	3	- 2nd
Holzland citizens' initiative	43.4%	9	+ 4
Turnout: 57.0%

mayor

The previous mayors were:

• 1700-00-00 to 1700-00-00 Plötner, Johann Gottfried (proof in 1763)
• 1792-00-00 to 1811-00-00 Stöckigt, Friedrich (schoolmaster)
• 1811-00-00 to 1864-00-00 ??
• 1864-00-00 to 1864-00-00 Opel, Karl Gottlob (Amtsschulze)
• 1811-00-00 to 1868-00-00 ??
• 1868-00-00 to 1868-00-00 Opel, Karl Gottlob (community leader) Beyer, Karl (district mayor)
• 1868-00-00 to 1870-00-00 Kraft, Michael (community leader)
• 1870-00-00 to 1878-00-00 Eckardt, Friedrich Traugott
• 1878-00-00 to 1882-00-00 Kirchner, Karl Friedrich
• 1882-00-00 to 1900-00-00 Opel, Karl Gottlob
• 1900-00-00 to 1906-7-17 Bratfisch, Louis
• 1906-00-00 to 1912-00-00 Klaus, Louis
• 1912-00-00 to 1924-7-31 Goldberg, Reinhold
• 1924-8-1 to 1929-4-9 Zschätzsch, Bruno (deputy Tuma, Franz)
• 1929-4-10 to 1929-10-2 Schröder, Alfred
• 1929-10-03 to 1933-3-17 Sperhake, Wilhelm
• 1933-3-18 to 1933-3-28 bailiff Reich Stadtroda (temporarily installed)
• 1933-3-29 to 1934-5-31 Goldberg, Reinhold (acting)
• 1934-6-1 to 1935-6-29 Flemming, Hermann Georg Richard
• 1935-6-30 to 1945-3-21 † Weise, Kurt (1943 Wehrmacht, died on March 21, 1945 in the hospital)
• 1945-3-22 to 1945-5-1 Schöppe, Arthur (1st alderman and deputy mayor)
• 1945-5-2 to 1949-4-20 Sperhake, Wilhelm (honorary citizen)
• 1949-4-20 to 1952-10-4 Rabitzsch, Johannes
• 1952-10-04 to 1960-5-19 Unrath, Fritz
• 1960-5-20 to 1967-3-31 Heyer, Lieselotte
• 1967-4-1 to 1971-9-1 Juch, Karl
• 1971-9-2 to 1977-12-9 Stephan, Fritz
• 1977-7-1 to 1981-1-31 Bätz, Renate
• 1981-2-1 to 1987-1-31 Klecha, Günter
• 1987-3-31 to 1990-5-30 Ille, Wolfgang
• 1990-6-1 to 1990-9-30 Weisse, Hans-Jürgen
• 1990-10-1 to 1994-6-30 Mahnke, Gerfried
• 1994-7-1 to 2018-6-30 Pillau, Gerd (honorary citizen)
• 2018-7-1 to date 00000Hofmann, Benny

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on August 30, 2005.

Blazon : “A silver, red bordered supporting arch cross in silver, which is covered with a red crosshair, the intersection of which is at the height of the shield foot; in front a green conifer, behind a black bear. "

After several applications, Hermsdorf only received town charter in 1969. One of the oldest buildings is the guest house and estate "Zum Schwarzen Bär". It was the starting point for the development of the city. In the coat of arms a rising black bear as a talking element reflects this fact. The stylized conifer was included in the city coat of arms as a symbol for the region of the Holzland , whose center was and is Hermsdorf. The supporting arch cross, which is covered with a crosshair, symbolizes the Hermsdorf cross. Hermsdorf became known throughout Europe with the autobahn. In addition, trade routes from east-west and south-north have crossed for centuries.

The coat of arms was designed by the heraldist Michael Zapfe .

Town twinning

Hermsdorf maintains city partnerships with the Rhineland-Palatinate cities of Lahnstein and Grünstadt .

Culture and sights

St. Salvator Church

Buildings

• Gasthof "Zum Schwarzen Bär" first evidence 1170, built in 1646 on the foundations of an older hostel ( location → )
• Town house (approx. 100 year old clinker brick industrial building, converted into a cultural and administrative building)
• St. Salvator Church ( location → ), predecessor church from 1150
• Catholic St. Joseph Church

music

• Wind, dance and entertainment orchestras of the Keramische Werke Hermsdorf e. V.

Regular events

• Maypole setting
• Street Festival Alte Regensburger Straße (European Monument Day, 2nd weekend in September)
• Christmas concert
• "Musical week" of the Ev.-Luth. Church of St. Salvator from 1st to 2nd Advent

Sports

The refurbished and converted sports facilities are located in the middle of the city's new development area.

• Recognized young talent center of the state of Thuringia in athletics
• Handball (regional league, major leagues, etc.)
• approx. 1200 members in SV Hermsdorf / Thuringia eV

Economy and Infrastructure

A mix of small and medium-sized companies developed on the site of the former large company Tridelta AG (formerly VEB Kombinat Keramische Werke Hermsdorf, KWH). Another commercial area is developing at the Hermsdorf-Ost motorway junction. The mixed area next to it is already fully occupied. As part of JenArea21, the city of Jena and the Saale-Holzland district have combined their strengths to further strengthen the region economically. The cooperation takes place mainly between companies from Jena and Hermsdorf. Successful evidence of this is for example the fanimat project, a network run by the Hermsdorf Institute for Technical Ceramics. Hermsdorf is a core of growth. Hermsdorf is a commuter location due to the number of jobs it offers (for every outbound commuter there are two inbound commuters).

In Hermsdorf, the Institute for Technical Ceramics is a branch of the Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems .

traffic

Hermsdorf-Klosterlausnitz station (2017)

The renovated, double-track Hermsdorf-Klosterlausnitz station is on the Central-Germany connection and is connected to the national local transport network with three Deutsche Bahn lines . An arithmetical 40-minute cycle is available Erfurt Hbf– Jena West– Jena-Göschwitz - Hermsdorf-Klosterlausnitz - Gera Hbf, the connection Göttingen –Erfurt Hbf– Jena-Göschwitz –Hermsdorf-Klosterlausnitz – Gera Hbf– Glauchau (Sachs) is served every two hours. Regional buses from JES Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH and the Schröder transport company run to Jena, Eisenberg, Stadtroda and smaller towns in the region. The RVG regional transport Gera / country offers direct connections to Gera, Bad Köstritz and Münchenbernsdorf.

Hermsdorf lies at the intersection of the A 4 / A 9 ( Hermsdorfer Kreuz ) and has three motorway exits.

• A 4 junction (56 b) Hermsdorf-Ost
• A 9 junction (23) Bad Klosterlausnitz (in the north)
• A 9 junction (25) Hermsdorf-Süd

The highways 1070 and 1073 (old trade routes Naumburg - Regensburg ) also cross in Hermsdorf.

Volunteer firefighter

The volunteer fire brigade (FF) is based in Hermsdorf as a base fire brigade . Mainly due to the two adjacent motorways, the Hermsdorf emergency services are the most alarmed in the Saale-Holzland district. Numerous civil protection vehicles are housed in Hermsdorf . The district's respiratory protection workshop is also located in the building of the Hermsdorf volunteer fire department. In 2019 the FF Hermsdorf celebrates its 120th anniversary.

education

View of three schools in the city

• Vocational school center of the SHK
• State Holzland-Gymnasium Hermsdorf
• State regular school "Am Hermsdorfer Kreuz"
• two primary schools (state primary school in the forest settlement and peace school)
• State special school

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Johann Eschenbach (* 1650), doctor and member of the " Leopoldina " academy of scholars
• Artur Immisch (1902–1949), pianist from Hermsdorf
• Kurt Plötner (1905-1984), sturmbannführer , concentration camp doctor , led human experiments in Sachsenhausen and Dachau by
• Horst Gorbauch (* 1948), religious educator and non-fiction author

Honorary citizen

• Kommerzienrat Friedrich August Hermann Koch (1842–1905); Honorary citizen since March 31, 1896
• Commerce Councilor Dr. Gustav Strupp in Meiningen (1851-1918); Honorary citizen since March 31, 1896
• Wilhelm Sperhake (1879–1955), Mayor of Hermsdorf (October 3, 1929 to March 17, 1933 and May 1, 1945 to April 20, 1949); Honorary citizen since July 6, 1949
• Gerd Pillau (1948–2018), Mayor of Hermsdorf (1994–2018); Honorary citizen since 2018

Personalities who are connected to Hermsdorf

• Johann Cilenšek (1913–1998), composer and music teacher, worked in Hermsdorf in 1934

Web links

Commons : Hermsdorf  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the city of Hermsdorf
• Home history website

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Church accounting book from 1591
3. ↑ List of Pastor Oettel
4. ↑ Ephorie Eisenberg, Kahla, Roda
5. ^ Official Journal of the Hermsdorf Administrative Community of June 29, 2019 , accessed on October 23, 2019
6. ↑ Hartmut Ulle: New Thuringian Wappenbuch. Volume 2: Ilmkreis, Jena, Kyffhäuserkreis, Saale-Orla-Kreis, Saalfeld-Rudolstadt (district), Schmalkalden-Meiningen (district), Suhl. 2nd, changed, revised edition. Working group Genealogy Thuringia, Erfurt 1997, ISBN 3-9804487-2-X , p. 51.