Tautenburg

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Tautenburg (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 59 '  N , 11 ° 43'  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Management Community :	Dornburg-Camburg
Height :	230 m above sea level NHN
Area :	12.75 km 2
Residents:	289 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	23 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07778
Area code :	036427
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 096
Address of the municipal administration:	At the Bastei 19a 07778 Tautenburg
Website :	www.tautenburg.de
Mayor :	Rolf Fischer
Location of the municipality of Tautenburg in the Saale-Holzland district

Tautenburg is a municipality in the northeast of the Saale-Holzland district in Thuringia and a member of the Dornburg-Camburg administrative community .

location

Tautenburg is traffic-wise close to Jena , Dornburg and Camburg on the county road 152 (spur road) with connection to the state road 2306. Geographically, Tautenburg is east of the Saaleniederung in the middle of the Tautenburger Wald in a side valley encompassing the castle hill at about 250 meters above sea level. The forest is about 100 meters above the mean height of the village.

history

The tower of the Tautenburg ruin

church

The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1223. Before 1232 it came into the possession of the Vargula taverns . A branch line of taverns that named themselves after the Tautenburg settled here until 1640. When the first village settlement developed below the castle is unknown, but this probably happened soon after the castle was built. The castle and the adjacent forest initially received the lords of Lobdeburg - Saalburg as an after vassals of the empire to fief . When Hartmann IV von Lobdeburg-Saalburg died without a male heir, Emperor Friedrich II transferred the imperial fiefdom to the Tautenburger Schenken in 1243.

The name Tautenburg probably goes back to the builder / previous owner of the castle, Tuto von Hausen (Hausen, castle ruins between Tautenburg and Bürgel), who also called himself Tuto von Tutinburg. This Tuto was probably a feudal man of the lords of Lobdeburg , who had the rule of Tautenburg as a fief before the taverns from the empire.

Tautenburg Castle was part of a chain of imperial property that was located along the old military road from Erfurt to Altenburg. Fortified structures such as Kapellendorf, Lehesten, Hainichen, Dornburg, Tautenburg, Schkölen etc. were on this street.

In the Middle Ages, smaller castles or fortifications stood along the Gleistal valley on the high elevations of the Tautenburger Forst to protect the trade route running in the valley from the direction of Erfurt via the Saalefurt near the Hummelstedt desert (mentioned in 1209) towards Bürgel – Gleisefurt to Nuremberg or Altenburg. These were the castle locations Bonzig in the Bonsig area, Mönchskuppe in the Münchenholz area, Hausen over the Teufelsgrund and Goldberg south of Hohendorf.

There was a castle in the village, which was built in 1482 by Burkhard Schenk von Tautenburg. The last of those von Tautenburg, Christian Schenk von Tautenburg, died in this castle on August 3, 1640. He had to watch his 22-year-old wife, a Countess Reuss , and his children die on November 25, 1631 and on November 12 , 1640 . May 1638 his castle in Frauenprießnitz went up in flames. The local castle was demolished in 1780 and its stones and parts of the building were used to build the new Frauenprießnitz castle.

After the Tautenberg tavern house died out in 1640, the castle and town of Tautenburg came into the possession of the Albertine Wettins and developed into the center of a large economic area ( Amt Tautenburg , 1703: 17 villages with 389 farms, 3 deserted areas and 6 free estates). In 1780 the castle was demolished for the construction of the justice and rent office in Frauenprießnitz and the building material was used there. Only the keep remained. With this, the administrative headquarters also moved to Frauenprießnitz. With the cession of the royal Saxon office of Tautenburg to Prussia at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , the office was dissolved. In June 1815 Tautenburg came with the main part of the former office to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach and in 1822 was affiliated to the Bürgel office. In 1850 the place came to the administrative district Weimar II (from 1868: administrative district Apolda ) of the Grand Duchy. Tautenburg has been part of the Free State of Thuringia since 1920.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the region around Tautenburg was developed as a recreational area and some celebrities also stayed in Tautenburg, such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Max Reger and Ricarda Huch.

After the Second World War , an LPG and a wood processing VEB were founded. A recreation camp was also built for workers in an open-cast lignite mine . From 1960, the Karl Schwarzschild observatory of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR was built here due to the good lighting conditions in the area around Tautenburg.

Attractions

Tautenburg and the Tautenburger Wald became known nationwide through the establishment of the Thuringian State Observatory (Karl Schwarzschild Observatory) in 1960.

Another attraction is the Tautenburg castle ruins . Tautenburg is U-shaped around the castle hill.

The evangelical Petrus-Johannes-Kirche was built in 1882/83 as a replacement for an older building in the neo-Gothic style.

On April 4, 1986, when an old stable building was torn down in homestead no. 5, the Tautenburg meal treasure (a rustic bridal jewelry) was found. It is exhibited in the Museum of the Leuchtenburg.

Logo Tautenburger Planet Path

Overview map of the Tautenburger Planet Path

The asteroid (2424) Tautenburg bears the name Tautenburg from the year of discovery 1973, the name was announced in 1983.

The approx. 8 km long Tautenburger Planet Path , a circular hiking trail , started on November 16, 2019 and was completed in 2020,

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• Gerhard Schaumann (* 1927), author

Son of the place

• Johann Gottlieb Tielke (born July 2, 1731 at the castle in Tautenburg, † November 6, 1787 in Freiberg ), electoral Saxon captain

Other personalities who have worked on site

• Hermann Otto Stölten (born February 26, 1847 in Holm ; † June 21, 1928 in Gerstungen ) pastor, local researcher and co-founder of the Beautification Association and initiator of the construction of the new church in Tautenburg in the period 1878–1886.
• Friedrich Nietzsche (born October 15, 1844 in Röcken near Lützen ; † August 25, 1900 in Weimar ) In 1882 he lived for two months with the Russian Lou von Salomé as a summer visitor until August 27 in Tautenburg. The then Tautenburg pastor Hermann Otto Stölten expressed himself critically in his autobiography about the unequal visitor couple Nietzsche and Salomé and their appearance in Tautenburg.
• Hans Walter Conrad Veidt (born January 22, 1893 in Berlin , † April 3, 1943 in Hollywood , California ) was a German actor and stayed in Tautenburg in 1909 as a summer vacationer.
• Joachim Ringelnatz (born August 7, 1883 in Wurzen ; † November 17, 1934 in Berlin , actually Hans Gustav Böttcher) often came to Tautenburg as a child with his parents and siblings. On January 15, 1909, in a letter to his sister, he remembers Tautenburg and the limestone slopes.
• Ricarda Huch (born July 18, 1864 in Braunschweig ; † November 17, 1947 in Schönberg (Taunus) ), writer and historian, lived in Tautenburg from March 20 to May 21, 1945 as a result of the Jena bombing.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Wilfried Warsitzka: The Thuringian Landgrave. Bussert & Stadeler, Jena 2004, ISBN 3-932906-22-5 , p. 203.
3. ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , pp. 70, 55, 113, 129 and 130, 111.
4. ↑ Jonathan C. Zenker : Historical-topographical pocket book of Jena and its surroundings, especially in scientific and medical relationship. Frommann, Jena 1836, pp. 118–119 .
5. ^ Johann Ludwig Klüber : State Archives of the German Confederation. Volume 1, Issue 2. JJ Palm and Ernst Enke, Erlangen 1816, p. 373 .
6. ↑ Bürgel at www.geo.viaregia.org
7. ↑ Geographical overview of the Saxon-Ernestine, Schwarzburg, Reussian and adjacent lands. Perthes, Gotha 1826, p. 53 .
8. ^ The places of the administrative district Apolda in the municipality register 1900.
9. ↑ Kurt Haufschild: The Mahlschatz von Tautenburg. Sparkassen-Kulturstiftung Hessen-Thüringen, Seitenroda 1993.
10. ↑ Thuringian State Observatory Tautenburg. Karl Schwarzschild Observatory. History, instrumentation, research content. 1998, (leaflet).
11. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 7784
12. ↑ https://www.tautenburg.de/ausflugsziel-wanderempfänger/planetenpfad , accessed on May 30, 2020
13. ↑ Bernhard von Poten :  Tielke, Johann Gottlieb . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 286-288.
14. ↑ Fredy Richter: Life and Work of the Lic.Sup.Int. Hermann Otto Stölten and his time 1847–1928. Self-published, 1997.
15. ^ Gerhard Schaumann: Tautenburg near Jena. Cultural history of a Thuringian summer resort (= Central German miniatures. 2). Quartus-Verlag, Bucha bei Jena 1998, ISBN 3-931505-38-3 , pp. 77-86.
16. ↑ The autobiography excerpts were published in: Andreas Urs Sommer (ed.): Friedrich Nietzsche and Lou von Salomé in Tautenburg. Excerpts from the unpublished autobiography of Pastor Hermann Otto Stölten, in: Nietzsche Studies. International Yearbook for Nietzsche Research, Vol. 38 (2009), Berlin / New York: Walter de Gruyter 2009, pp. 389–392
17. ^ Gerhard Schaumann: Tautenburg near Jena. Cultural history of a Thuringian summer resort (= Central German miniatures. 2). Quartus-Verlag, Bucha bei Jena 1998, ISBN 3-931505-38-3 , p. 102.
18. ^ Gerhard Schaumann: Tautenburg near Jena. Cultural history of a Thuringian summer resort (= Central German miniatures. 2). Quartus-Verlag, Bucha bei Jena 1998, ISBN 3-931505-38-3 , pp. 101-102.
19. ^ Gerhard Schaumann: Tautenburg near Jena. Cultural history of a Thuringian summer resort (= Central German miniatures. 2). Quartus-Verlag, Bucha bei Jena 1998, ISBN 3-931505-38-3 , pp. 103-105.

literature

• Gerhard Schaumann: Tautenburg near Jena. Cultural history of a Thuringian summer resort (= Central German miniatures. 2). 4th, (modified and expanded) edition. Quartus-Verlag, Bucha near Jena 2013, ISBN 978-3-943768-17-6 .
• Gerhard Schaumann: "This Tautenburg delights me and suits me in everything and everyone ...". Nietzsche and Tautenburg. A speech. In: Ulrich Kaufmann (Hrsg.): Dichterwege nach Jena. A literary search for traces in three centuries (= palm tree texts. 32). Quartus-Verlag, Bucha bei Jena 2012, ISBN 978-3-943768-02-2 , pp. 103-113.
• Tautenburg: In: The Schnapphans. Jena home letter. 103, November 2012, ZDB -ID 1095688-8 , pp. 66-71.

Web links

Commons : Tautenburg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• thueringenfotos.de - Photos from the village from 1988
• Private homepage www.tautenburg.de with information about the community
• The Schenk von Tautenburg (zeno.org)
• Historical reconstruction drawing