Office Tautenburg

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The Amt Tautenburg was a territorial administrative unit in the Thuringian District of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806 . It has its origins in the rule of Tautenburg, which in 1640 after the extinction of the Tautenburg taverns fell as a settled fiefdom to Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony and from this in 1640 a third each as a new fiefdom to those of Werthern , von Döring and von Taube was issued, which he had previously assured in writing that he would be entitled to it. In 1652 the Saxon elector bought back the Tautenburg estate with Frauenprießnitz and Niedertrebra from them. He formed the Tautenburg office belonging to the Electorate of Saxony . Between 1657 and 1718 the Tautenburg Office was part of the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Zeitz .

Until it was ceded to Prussia and Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach in 1815, as the Saxon office , it formed the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes .

Geographical expansion

The main part of the Tautenburg office was on the Saale-Elster sandstone slab between the Saale in the west and the Wethau in the east. However, both rivers were only touched by a small part of the official area. The southernmost place Poxdorf is in a side valley of the tracks . Part of the Tautenburg Forest belonged to the official area . The main part of the Tautenburg Office was only connected to the rest of the Electorate of Saxony in the east via a narrow section of the Weißenfels Office. It was otherwise surrounded by offices of the Ernestine duchies . The official area included five exclaves with a total of seven places, all of which were north of the office in the border area between the Electorate of Saxony and the Ernestine Duchies. The exclave towns of Mollschütz, Droitzen, Görschen, Wettaburg and Wetterscheidt are to the right of the Saale. Wettaburg and Wetterscheidt are on the Wethau. Großheringen, Pfuhlsborn and Niedertrebra are to the left of the Saale in the Ilm valley , they belong to the Ilm-Saale-Platte . The Ilm flows into the Saale at Großheringen.

The official area is now largely in the Free State of Thuringia and belongs to the Saale-Holzland district . The former exclaves Großheringen, Pfuhlsborn and Niedertrebra are part of the Thuringian district of Weimarer Land . Mollschütz, Droitzen, Görschen, Wetterscheidt and Wettaburg belong to the Burgenland district in the state of Saxony-Anhalt .

Adjacent administrative units

Main part of the Tautenburg office

Since the middle of the 17th century, the main area of ​​the Albertine Office of Tautenburg bordered the following administrative units:

Northwestern exclaves

While the Droitzen / Görschen exclave was completely in the Weißenfels Electoral Saxon office, the Wetterscheidt / Wettaburg exclave also bordered an exclave of the Pforta Electoral Saxon office in the north and the northern part of the Eisenberg district office in the west.

Mollschütz exclave

Mollschütz was an exclave in the middle of the Ernestine Camburg office.

Northeastern exclaves

The exclave of Großheringen bordered in the north on the Electoral Saxon Office Pforta, in the northeast and south on exclaves of the Electoral Saxon Office Naumburg , in the southeast on the Ernestine Office Camburg and in the west on the Ernestine Office Roßla .

The Pfuhlsborn / Niedertrebra exclave bordered in the north on the Ernestine Office Roßla, in the northwest on an exclave of the Electoral Saxon Office Pforta, in the east on the Ernestine Office Camburg and in the south and west on the Ernestine Office Dornburg. After Niedertrebra was separated from the office of Tautenburg, the Electoral Saxon office of Eckartsberga followed , so that the Pfuhlsborn exclave has since bordered this office in the north.

history

Reign of Tautenburg

The first written mention of Tautenburg Castle dates back to 1223. It belonged to a chain of imperial property that was located along the old military road from Erfurt to Altenburg. Fortified structures such as Kapellendorf, Lehesten, Hainichen, Dornburg, Tautenburg, Schkölen etc. were on this street. The name Tautenburg probably goes back to the builder / previous owner of the castle, Tuto von Hausen (Hausen, castle ruins between Tautenburg and Bürgel), who also called himself Tuto von Tutinburg. This Tuto was probably a feudal man of the lords of Lobdeburg , who originally had the Tautenburg rule as a fief from the empire .

Before 1232, Tautenburg Castle came into the possession of the Vargula taverns . The branch line of taverns that settled here was named after Tautenburg as " Tautenburg tavern ". The castle and the adjoining Tautenburg Forest were initially owned by the lords of Lobdeburg - Saalburg as aftervasallen of the empire as a fief . After Hartmann IV of Lobdeburg-Saalburg died without a male heir, the Tautenburg taverns received the imperial fief of the Tautenburg rule between Saale and Wethau in 1243 from Emperor Friedrich II.

In the 13th century the taverns of Vargula also acquired the neighboring dominion of Dornburg as an imperial fief, this branch of the family was now called "Schenken von Dornburg". When in 1342, as a result of the Thuringian Count War (1342-46), the Dornburg share of the holdings of the Vargula taverns was purchased by the Counts of Schwarzburg , the officials involved issued insufficient documents about the division of the Tautenburg Forest, which were still in the 18th century "Trials and tribulations" resulted. In the continuation of the territorial development, the forest area between Tautenburg and Dorndorf remained subject to an ongoing process of sales and inheritance.

While the Dornburg taverns came under the feudal lordship of the Wettins from 1343 and their rule was administered as the Wettin Office of Dornburg from 1358 , the Tautenburg taverns also had to recognize the feudal lordship of the Wettins in 1345, but they retained their imperial estate until the 16th century. In the 14th century the rule of Niedertrebra came from the von Trebra family to the von Tautenburg taverns. From 1427 the neighboring Frauenprießnitz dominion was owned by the Tautenburg taverns. Gift Rudolf the Elder received the place Frauenprießnitz as a fief in 1440.

With the Leipzig division of the Wettin possessions in 1485, the feudal lordship over the dominions of Tautenburg, Frauenprießnitz and Niedertrebra came to the Albertine line of the Wettins, with which it remained after the Wittenberg surrender in 1547. Under Schenk Burkhard, Frauenprießnitz achieved the greatest importance during the rule of the Schenken von Tautenburg. He initiated the construction of the Frauenprießnitz Castle (1605–1608). In 1620, Elector Johann Georg I enfeoffed Christian Schenk von Tautenburg with goods in Görschen and Droitzen in the office of Weißenfels . After the Frauenprießnitz Castle was cremated in 1638 in the Thirty Years War , Schenk Christian moved to Tautenburg.

Office Tautenburg

With the death of Christian Schenk von Tautenburg in 1640, the family of Schenken von Tautenburg died out. The Albertine Electorate of Saxony thereby took possession of the fallen fiefdom of the Tautenburg rulership. The elector had the Frauenprießnitz Castle rebuilt in 1640 and set up an electoral chamber property . Castle and place Tautenburg developed into the center of a large economic area (1703: 17 villages with 389 farms, 3 desolations and 6 free estates ), which consisted of a larger contiguous area and five exclaves. The lords of Tautenburg, Frauenprießnitz and Niedertrebra were initially lent by the elector to those of von Werthern , von Döring and von Taube . In 1652 the electoral "Amt Tautenburg" was formed from the fallen Tautenburg fiefdoms.

When the office of Tautenburg with Frauenprießnitz and Niedertrebra was added to the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Zeitz in 1657 , the noble fiefs were compensated in other ways. Duke Moritz von Sachsen-Zeitz sold Niedertrebra in 1677 to a baron von Erffa , which gave the place a different history than the Tautenburg office. Around 1790 the place belonged as an exclave to the Electoral Saxon Office Eckartsberga .

After the Saxony-Zeitz line died out in 1718, the Tautenburg office fell back to the Electorate of Saxony. It belonged to the Thuringian Circle of the Electorate. Tautenburg Castle was used as the electoral official residence until 1776. That year the judicial office was moved from Tautenburg to Frauenprießnitz. The rent office was housed in Frauenprießnitz Castle. In 1780, Tautenburg Castle was demolished for the construction of the new justice and rent office in Frauenprießnitz and the building materials were used there. With the appointment of the Electorate of Saxony to the Kingdom , the Amt of Tautenburg belonged to the Kingdom of Saxony from 1806 .

Dissolution of the Tautenburg office

At the Congress of Vienna in 1815 the Kingdom of Saxony ceded territory to the Kingdom of Prussia . a. concerned the entire Thuringian district with its offices. In the final act of the congress and in the contract of June 1, 1815, it was stipulated that Prussia would, within 14 days of the signing of the contract, a. to cede the Tautenburg office to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach without the exclaves Droitzen, Görschen, Wetterscheidt, Wettaburg and Mollschütz .

The five remaining places in Prussia were incorporated into the newly founded Naumburg district in the province of Saxony . Mollschütz formed a Prussian exclave in the Ernestine office of Camburg .

The Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach incorporated the main part of the dissolved Tautenburg Office into the Bürgel Office in 1822 , which has since been called "Office Bürgel with Tautenburg". Steudnitz and the former exclaves Großheringen and Pfuhlsborn came to the Dornburg office .

Associated places

Villages

After 1815, the places came to the grand ducal office of Bürgel with Tautenburg, except for Steudnitz. Steudnitz was incorporated into the grand ducal office of Dornburg.

Villages (exclaves)

Großheringen and Pfuhlsborn were incorporated into the grand ducal office of Dornburg after 1815. Droitzen, Görschen, Wetterscheidt, Wettaburg and the exclave Mollschütz came to the Prussian district of Naumburg in the province of Saxony.

Castles and Palaces
Desolation

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thank God Immanuel Merkel: Earth description of the Kingdom of Saxony. Volume 8. 3rd edition. Mostly completely reworked by Karl August Engelhardt from handwritten sources . Barth, Dresden 1811, p. 169 f.
  2. ↑ Wilfried Warsitzka: Die Thüringer Landgrafen Verlag Dr. Bussert & Stadeler, 2004, ISBN 3-932906-22-5 , p. 203.
  3. ↑ Niedertrebra in the castle archive
  4. ^ History of Frauenprießnitz on the town's website
  5. ↑ [1]
  6. ^ The Tautenburg Office in Merkel's Earth Descriptions, p. 169 f.
  7. ^ D. Anton Friedrich, Büsching's new description of the earth, Volume 3, pp. 707 and 817
  8. ↑ Niedertrebra in the castle archive
  9. ^ D. Anton Friedrich, Büsching's new description of the earth, Volume 3, p. 707
  10. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas , Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 30f
  11. ^ State Archives of the German Confederation, Volume 1; P. 373
  12. ^ Locations of the Prussian district of Naumburg in the municipal directory 1900
  13. ↑ Bürgel at www.geo.viaregia.org
  14. ↑ Places of the Bürgel Office with Tautenburg after 1815 on p. 53
  15. ↑ Places of the Dornburg district after 1815 on p. 54

Web links