Freyburg Office

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The Freyburg Office was an administrative unit in the Thuringian District of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806 . Between 1657 and 1746 the office belonged to the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Weißenfels .

Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815, as a Saxon office it formed the spatial reference point for the collection of sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical location

The Freyburg office extended from the Querfurter Platte with the Ziegelroda Forest in the north to the Saale-Unstrut-Triasland in the south. It was flown through from the lower Unstrut to its mouth. The Saale at the confluence of Unstrut and Wethau formed the southern official border. Only the exclave towns of Almrich and Flemmingen, which were under the jurisdiction of the Pforta office, were south of the Saale. Another river in the area was the hostage in the northeastern administrative area. Due to the lignite mining in the Geiseltal , the former official locations east of the city of Müelte were excavated ( devastated ) in the middle of the 20th century . Today the Geiseltalsee stretches across their corridor .

The official area is now in the south of Saxony-Anhalt . The northern part of the former Freyburg district today belongs to the Saalekreis , the southern part to the Burgenlandkreis .

Adjacent administrative units

The southern exclave of Almrich / Flemmingen, which was under the jurisdiction of the Electoral Saxon Office of Pforta, bordered on the west and north on the Office of Pforta, in the east on the Hochstift-Naumburg Office of Naumburg and in the south on the northern part of the Ernestine District Office of Eisenberg (1572 to Duchy of Saxony-Weimar , 1603 to the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg , 1672–1680 and from 1707 to the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg , 1680–1707 to the Duchy of Saxony-Eisenberg ).

history

The area around Freyburg an der Unstrut and Naumburg (Saale) came shortly after 1085 through her marriage to Adelheid († 1110), the widow of the murdered Count Palatine Friedrich III. von Goseck , to Ludwig the Springer , who a little later had the New Castle built in Freyburg . In doing so, he substantially consolidated his new position in the Saale-Unstrut area. Neuchâtel is therefore closely linked to the history of the Ludowingers . Until the dynasty died out in 1247, Neuchâtel was an important and at times even the largest castle of the Landgraves of Thuringia , one of the most influential families of the Holy Roman Empire .

After Neuchâtel came into the possession of the Margraves of Meißen from the Wettin family in 1247 , it initially lost considerable importance. In 1349/50 the office appears as "districtus Nuenburgensis" in the loan book of Margrave Frederick the Strict of Meissen . Through the division of Leipzig in 1485, the northern part of Thuringia with Neuchâtel, the city and the Freyburg office came to the Albertine line of the House of Wettin . As a result of the Schmalkaldic War , the Wettins' electoral dignity passed from the Ernestines to the Albertines in 1547 , making the Freyburg office with the north and north-eastern part of the former Landgraviate of Thuringia now part of the Albertine Electorate of Saxony . Due to the necessary reorganization of the Saxon administration, the Freyburg office was assigned to the "Lower District" of the newly formed Thuringian District . After the Eisenberg district office was reassigned to the Ernestines by the Naumburg Treaty in 1554 , the two northern districts of Flemmingen and Altenburg (Almrich) remained with the Electorate of Saxony and were placed under the sovereign administration of the Freyburg District, from which they were, however, territorially separated. After the dissolution of the Pforta monastery from 1543, jurisdiction over the two places lay with the Albertine office of Pforta .

From 1656/57 to 1746 the office was part of the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Weißenfels . The Electorate of Saxony, however, reserved the supervision of the writers in the offices left to the secondary school. For the offices of Weißenfels , Eckartsberga and Freyburg in the Thuringian district, the office of Pforta, which remained with the main line of Electoral Saxony, took over this task.

The Freyburg office counted 68 immediate official villages, 39 of them with official patronage, 26 with full jurisdiction of the office; also 3 cities with written form (Freyburg, Laucha, Müelte), 9 old and 10 new chancellery and 19 official writers. One of the official villages was desolate. In 1664 the 68 official villages counted 1705 resident teams (including 160 widows) against 2594 before the Thirty Years' War.

The Freyburg office was one of those areas that the Kingdom of Saxony , which existed from 1806, had to cede to the Kingdom of Prussia after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 . In the resulting Prussian province of Saxony , the office was finally dissolved in 1821. The duties of the Freyburg Office were transferred to the Landratsämter Querfurt and Naumburg as well as to the newly formed Prussian regional courts. The oldest official inheritance book dates from 1589.

Components

Cities
Official Villages
Official villages (proportionally)
  • Altenburg (Almrich) (exclave; corridor since 1554, jurisdiction lies with the Pforta office)
  • Flemmingen (exclave; corridor since 1554, jurisdiction lies with the Pforta office)
  • Großjena (jurisdiction lies with Amt Naumburg)
  • Kleinjena (jurisdiction lies with Amt Naumburg)
  • Kleinkayna (other part belongs to the Weißenfels office)
  • Kleinwilsdorf (2 houses completely to the Freyburg Office, the others are under the jurisdiction of the Naumburg Office)
  • Krawinkel (other part belongs to the Eckartsberga office)
  • Schellsitz (jurisdiction lies with Amt Naumburg)
Castles and Palaces
Manors
  • Balgstädt
  • Baumersroda
  • Bedra
  • Branderoda
  • Eptingen
  • Upper wish
  • Ortisei
  • Vitzenburg
  • Zingst
  • Zoebikger
Vorwerke
Desolation
  • Bündorf and Ziegendorf (near Möckerling)
  • Bünisdorf, also Pinsdorf (near Carsdorf)
  • Burckerßroda (near Albersroda)
  • Duppadel , belongs to the villages Schmerna, Stobenitz, Eptingen and Möckerling
  • Ehrau, east of Freyburg, still known today as Ehrauberge
  • Fitzendorpf (near Weischütz)
  • Othmaritz (near Schellsitz)
  • Petersroda, Burghardsroda, Harterode (near Ebersroda)
  • Warta (near Golzen)
  • Zaasdorf (near Wernsdorf)

Persons with administrative tasks in office

Writers

Governors

  • Kirsten / Christian von Hain / Hayn, bailiff for Freyburg and Weißenfels (originally 1444–1451)
  • Heinrich von Brandenstein (originally 1468–1469), bailiff of Freyburg and Weißenfels
  • Otto von Scheiding († 1476 )
  • Hans von Knaut († 1480 )
  • Hans von Werthern (originally 1484–1492, † 1533 )
  • Christoph von Taubenheim (originally 1499–1532 † 1536), ducal Saxon councilor and bailiff (captain) of Freyburg and Eckartsberga
  • Andreas von Minckwitz (originally 1536)
  • Phillipp von Reipitz († 1537 )
  • Andreas Pflug (originally from 1540, 1548), bailiff at Freyburg, Eckartsberga and Weißenfels, brother of the Naumburg bishop Julius Pflug
  • Ernst von Bebessen (Bebensee) (originally from 1551 to 1558). His epitaph is in the town church of Freyburg.
  • Ulrich von Knaut († 1560 )
  • Burkhard Schenk zu Tautenburg (originally 1601, † 1605), councilor and governor of Freyburg and Eckartsberga
  • Georg von Nißmitz 1606/1632 († 1654), governor in Freyburg and Eckartsberga
  • Heinrich Christoph Naso (1614–1666), governor in Freyburg and Eckartsberga
  • Johann Jacob von Hanewald (originally 1702)
  • Adolph Magnus von Hoym († 1723 )
  • Christian Gottfried von Rockhausen († 1735 ), royal-Polish. u. electoral saxon. Lieutenant on foot and Saxon governor of the Freyburg district
  • Levin Friedrich III. von der Schulenburg († 1739 )
  • Georg Friedrich von Rockhausen († 1751 )
  • Johann Justus Reader (originally 1744)
  • Wilhelm Christian von dem Bussche (1756-1817)

Office Schösser or bailiffs

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The excavated places in the Geiseltal on www.devastiert.de ( Memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Small stories on Saxon-Thuringian history, Volume 2, pp. 140f.
  3. ↑ Office and State School Pforta in the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt
  4. ^ Description of the place Kleinwilsdorf
  5. ^ Ziegendorf in the history of Neubiendorf
  6. ^ Chronicle of Wernsdorf