Merseburg Office

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The offices of Lauchstädt, Merseburg, Schkeuditz and Lützen around 1740

The Merseburg Office , also known as the Merseburg Kitchen Office , was a territorial administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony that belonged to the Merseburg Monastery and, between 1656/57 and 1738, to the Secondogeniture Principality of Saxony-Merseburg . Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815, it was the spatial reference point for claiming sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical location

The office of Merseburg was in the Leipzig lowland bay south of Halle (Saale) . It was traversed by the Saale in the center and the Weißer Elster in the northeast. Other waters in the official area were the Luppe , the Geisel and the Elsterfloßgraben . The four southwestern towns of Benndorf , Körbisdorf , Naundorf and Runstedt were devastated in the course of brown coal mining in the Geiseltal in the 20th century . Today the Geiseltalsee and Runstedter See are in their place . The western part of the Merseburg office with four places was separated from the main area of ​​the kitchen office by the office Lauchstädt. There were also an enclave belonging to the Lauchstädt Office and an enclave belonging to the Weißenfels Office in the official area.

The territory of the Merseburg District is today in the southeast of the Saalekreis in Saxony-Anhalt on the border with the Free State of Saxony .

Adjacent administrative units

Office Lauchstädt ( Saxony-Merseburg ) Saalkreis ( Archbishopric Magdeburg , from 1680 Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg )
Neighboring communities Office Schkeuditz (Saxony-Merseburg)
Freyburg Office ( Electorate of Saxony ) Weißenfels Office (Electorate of Saxony) Office Lützen (Saxony-Merseburg)

The western part of the Merseburg Office, which was separated from the main part of the Merseburg Office by the Office Lauchstädt, bordered the Office Lauchstädt in the north and east, and the Office Freyburg in the south and west.

history

Because of the Hungarian invasions into Eastern Franconia , King Heinrich I issued a “ Castle Order ” in 926 , which resulted in the royal palace of Merseburg on the Via Regia in 930 . A year later, Heinrich I inaugurated the St. Johannis collegiate church belonging to the Palatinate. Heinrich's son Otto I , Roman-German Emperor since 962 , founded the diocese of Merseburg in 968 on the basis of a vow after the successful battle on the Lechfeld against the Hungarians. The properties directly subordinate to the Bishop of Merseburg were grouped together in an administrative district which, as a “kitchen office”, had to pay fixed income for the maintenance of the bishop and his servants. The foundation stone for Merseburg Cathedral was laid in 1015, and the first consecration took place in 1021. Merseburg Castle was built between 1245 and 1265 .

In the 15th century, the Wettins, as Electors of Saxony, increasingly influenced the election of bishops in Merseburg. After the Leipzig division of the Electorate of Saxony in 1485, the diocese of Merseburg and its offices were included in the sphere of influence of the Albertine line of the Wettins. Due to the secularization of the diocese of Merseburg as a result of the Reformation , the diocese and its offices came to the Albertine electorate of Saxony in 1547 . In 1561 it became part of the Electorate of Saxony. The Merseburg office emerged from the former episcopal kitchen estate. Between 1657 and 1738 it belonged to the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Merseburg . With the appointment of the Electorate of Saxony to the Kingdom of Saxony , the Merseburg office belonged to this since 1806.

After the defeat of Napoleon and the allied Kingdom of Saxony , the Kingdom of Saxony had to cede a large part of its territory to the Kingdom of Prussia following a resolution by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 . The Merseburg office was incorporated into the Prussian province of Saxony . It was in the district of Merseburg in the administrative district of Merseburg , whose administrative headquarters, the castle was Merseburg.

Associated places

Cities
Villages
Other property

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of Merseburg Castle and Cathedral
  2. ^ History of the Merseburg Cathedral Monastery
  3. ^ The district of Merseburg in the municipal directory 1900