Geusa
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Geusa
City of Merseburg
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 16 ″ N , 11 ° 56 ′ 21 ″ E
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| Height : | 99 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 12.63 km² |
| Residents : | 1307 (December 31, 2014) |
| Population density : | 103 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2010 |
| Postal code : | 06217 |
| Area code : | 03461 |
 Location of Geusa in Merseburg
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Geusa is a district of the city of Merseburg in the Saalekreis in Saxony-Anhalt (Germany). The districts of Atzendorf , Blösien and Zscherben belong to Geusa .
geography
Geusa is about five kilometers west of Merseburg . The Geiseltalsee is located southwest of the village . The A38 runs through the district .
history
In a register of the tithe of the Hersfeld monastery that was created between 881 and 899, Geusa is mentioned for the first time in a document as the place of Husuuua im Friesenfeld, which is subject to a tenancy requirement . The original place name means house in / near the meadow . In the early Middle Ages, Geusa was one of the 27 kitchen villages that were responsible for supplying the Palatinate Merseburg established by King Heinrich I. The originally Thuringian knight family of the von Geusau , which had its ancestral seat in Geusa, was first documented in 1116 with Gerlach von Geysaha. From 1431 the manor belonged to Geusa of the von Bothfeld family, who had a hospital built in today's Rohrwiesenweg in 1537, which fell victim to a fire in 1657. In 1562 von Bothfeld also donated a chapel consecrated to Saint Catherine, which was located between Geusa and Atzendorf. After Geusa had already been severely destroyed in the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession (1247–1264) and the surrounding villages of Azilinsdorf on Eselsberg south of Geusas and Zibuckesdorf an der Rohrwiese in the direction of Blösien had fallen, there was increased billeting during the Thirty Years' War from 1635 onwards , from the following year also Swedish troops under Field Marshal Johan Banér . The local population withdrew from the plundering Swedes to Merseburg or the inaccessible swamps in the surrounding area. About the turn of the year 1640 to 1641 there was a witch trial in Merseburg against the 9-year-old Gertrud Bock from Geusa. This is the last act of the witch hunt in the Merseburg area.
From 1657 Geusa belonged to the Merseburg office of the Merseburg penitentiary to the duchy of Saxony-Merseburg established by the Saxon Elector Johann Georg I for his third son Christian I until this line of the Wettins died out in 1738 . During this time, the population, decimated by the war, grew again and the economy prospered. From 1725 the Prussian Count House of those von Zech resided on Geusa. In 1738 the Duchy of Saxony-Merseburg, to which Geusa and its present-day districts belonged, fell back to the Electorate of Saxony . Geusa was affected both by the Prussian incursions into Saxony during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) and by various billeting of Prussian troops in the run-up to the battle of Jena and Auerstedt on October 14, 1806. Among other things, there was a field hospital in Geusa from January to March 1806. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Geusa, like the entire west and north of the Kingdom of Saxony, which was allied with Napoleon Bonaparte , was awarded to Prussia. From then on Geusa belonged to the Merseburg district in the Merseburg administrative district of the newly formed Prussian province of Saxony . At the end of the 19th century, the first industrial companies were established in Merseburg and the surrounding area. This led to profound changes in the village communities. In the period from 1910 to 1930, the population in Geusa grew by around 50 percent.
During the Second World War in Geusa, due to the proximity to the industrial plants in Buna and Leuna, many casualties and considerable damage from Allied air raids were to be mourned. So the church and the mansion were hit on July 29, 1944. The latter was demolished after the war.
After the war the LPG (Agricultural Production Cooperative) was founded through the collectivization of agriculture. On July 1, 1950, the Geusa community was created from Atzendorf, Blösien, Geusa and Zscherben. Up until 1990 there was strong migration of families in Geusa, especially to the new building areas in Halle-Neustadt and Halle-Silberhöhe , which offered better living and working conditions.
After 1990, small and medium-sized enterprises, a number of new residential areas and better opportunities for local recreation through the Geiseltalsee emerged . The population increased in the period 1997 to 2004 from about 1250 to 1500 inhabitants, although the demand for building plots in the Merseburg area declined overall.
From 1994 to 2009 Geusa was part of the Merseburg administrative community . Until it was incorporated into Merseburg on January 1, 2010, Geusa was an independent municipality with the associated districts of Atzendorf , Blösien and Zscherben . The last mayor of Geusas was Hans-Joachim Koziel. Since numerous streets in the urban area of Merseburg were used several times due to the incorporation of the districts, the city council decided in September 2018 to rename a total of 45 streets. Until April 2019, citizens could submit proposals and vote for them online. As a result, five streets were renamed Geusa on November 1, 2019, including Goethe and Geusaer Strasse, which are the main traffic routes that cross the village completely from east to west. Local reference points (e.g. the village ponds, the Rotthügel and a wood called Ellern ) were named after them .
Religions
At the beginning of 2009, the Evangelical Parish Geusa was incorporated into the parish association of Lower Geiseltal . Services are usually held alternately (every three weeks) in Atzendorf, Blösien and Geusa.
Church building
The Evangelical Church maintains four church buildings and the associated cemeteries:
- St. Georg Geusa Church
The church of St. Georg in Geusa was first mentioned in 1017 when Emperor Heinrich II bequeathed the church to the diocese of Merseburg, which he had re-established ten years earlier . The core of the church is Romanesque and has been extended in the Gothic style. Paintings from the 13th century can be found on the east wall of the building.
After its destruction during the Thirty Years War, the church was restored in 1688, with the former flat roof being replaced by a baroque barrel vault. Two years later the parsonage, which was also destroyed in the war and last fundamentally rebuilt in 1856, was renewed. The church has had a west tower since 1706.
In the church itself there is a baroque winged altar built in 1700, which was created by the Danish sculptor Michael Hoppenhaupt . A baptismal angel that can be rappelled down comes from the workshop of Christian Trothe (1676–1732) from Merseburg. In 1849 Friedrich Ladegast built his first organ for the Geusa church. The massive broad tower with lantern was rebuilt in 1950 after it was destroyed in an air raid on July 29, 1944. It received a simple hipped roof without the lantern. The patronage box was also destroyed.
- Church of St. Dionysius Atzendorf
The single-nave, rectangular hall church of St. Dionysios in Atzendorf was built from solid sand-lime brick around the 11th century and is of Romanesque origin. In 1695 a new building took place. In 1912 the church building was renewed using older parts. Three groups of windows in the east wall of the nave date from the 17th century. Inside the building there is a wooden barrel vault decorated with stars. The likewise wooden galleries show baroque tendril paintings and inscriptions in the parapet fields. The altar from 1695 shows paintings of the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ as well as the Lord's Supper. A pulpit and a hexagonal baptismal font in the shape of a cup from the 17th century are further special features of the church. The church was badly damaged in an air raid and rebuilt after the war. Outside the building there are several baroque grave monuments on the church.
- St. Thomas Blösien Church
The Blösien Church is a small, rectangular building with a retracted square choir tower and a wider choir closed on three sides. The core of the building is of Romanesque origin and was built around 1250. A year (1575) affixed to one corner of the church tower indicates a renovation. The choir and the tower room, which is open in large round arches, were flat-roofed. Above the groin vaulted sacristy there is a former patronage box . In the chancel there is a carved altar from the late 15th century, which depicts Mary on the crescent moon in the shrine, surrounded by four saints and the twelve apostles . The back of the winged altar is painted. In the church there is also a richly decorated sandstone baptismal font in the shape of a cup and various wooden epitaphs and carved figures of former noble families of the place. The organ was created by Friedrich Ladegast in 1855 , making it one of the first organs by the famous organ builder. Every summer a concert takes place as part of the organ concerts in Merseburger Land. The church suffered severe roof and window damage in an air raid in 1944.
- Zscherben Church
The church in Zscherben is originally a Romanesque choir tower church and was built around 1250. In 1693 the building was structurally changed. The wider, rectangular nave with its basket arched and plastered barrel vault was completely renewed around 1730. The wooden pulpit altar and the carved baptismal font with a lectern also date from this period. The organ front dates from the 18th century. Since 1970 the church has hardly been used for church services. In the 1990s, the building was re-covered and saved from deterioration.
politics
On June 7th, 2009 the last municipal council of the municipality of Geusa was elected, which has acted as local council for the Merseburg districts of Atzendorf, Blösien, Geusa and Zscherben since January 1st, 2010.
- CDU : 3 local councils
- FDP : 1 local council
- Landfrauenverein Blösien eV: 3 local councils
- Individual applicants: 4 local councils
The local mayor of Atzendorf, Blösien, Geusa and Zscherben is Hans-Joachim Koziel (independent). He was elected on February 24, 2008.
Culture and community
Attractions
Geusa and the former districts are home to a large number of individual monuments and archaeological sites. In addition to the church buildings in Atzendorf, Blösien, Geusa and Zscherben, various mansions and farmhouses from the 16th and 18th centuries should be emphasized. During the Second World War, parts of the old Geusa estate ( Zech'scher Hof) with its manor house, barns and gates were badly destroyed. In the course of the land reform , the remains of the baroque palace complex were abandoned for demolition. War memorials in central locations in Blösien, Atzendorf and Geusa remind of the consequences of the two world wars for the community.
Geusa is a green place. The alder-ash floodplain forest between Geusa and Atzendorf and the lower Geiselniederung in Atzendorf , which represent important wetlands for flora and fauna and have been declared a landscape protection area, are scenic.
community
The following social institutions are located in Geusa and the former districts:
- the day care center Knirpsenland in Blösien ,
- a primary school with after-school care in Geusa,
- One restaurant each in Geusa and Blösien, plus three guest houses in the localities,
- a bowling alley in Atzendorf,
- the club house of the Geusaer Pfingstgesellschaft eV, which holds a village festival every year,
- four parishes in all districts
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Geusa is in close proximity to the federal motorway 38 , which runs between Blösien and Geusa. The Merseburg -Süd exit (25) is approx. 3 kilometers away, the Merseburg-Nord / Bad Lauchstädt exit (26) approx. 2 kilometers away. Several bridges over the motorway connect the districts. The “Geiseltal” motorway parking lot, which is equipped with toilets, is located in the municipality.
With the exception of Zscherben, the former districts of Geusas are located in the catchment area of bus stops. During core times in the morning and in the evening, buses run every half hour to Merseburg and Müuellen . Zscherben is located in the catchment area of the tram network of the city of Merseburg. Geusa has no direct connection to the Deutsche Bahn AG network. However, Merseburg train station can be easily reached within 15 minutes by bus.
Outside the settlement area of the former municipality of Geusa there are well-developed cycling and hiking trails (" Geiseltalsee circular path ", "Alte Heerstraße" cycling path).
economy
The municipality of Geusa has fully developed the Geusa industrial park in recent years and many companies have settled there (net area: 8.0 ha, sectors: forwarding and logistics, plastics processing, metal construction, service providers). The Geusa industrial park is located on the site of a former NVA barracks, in which several hundred construction soldiers were stationed in the second half of the 1980s , who mainly had to work in the ailing chemical Buna plants and in the Leuna plants . At the beginning of 2008 the empty buildings of the former barracks were demolished.
The central training and further education facility of the Saalekreis district (formerly the central office for agrochemical application research) is located in Blösien .
The majority of the agricultural land is cultivated by three larger companies. They mainly operate highly specialized agriculture on large contiguous areas.
Personalities
- Otto Küstermann (1837–1913), pastor in Geusa from 1867 to 1902, regionally known local researcher.
- Otto Scholz (1916–2010), born in Geusa, surgeon, chief physician at the Stralsund surgical clinic.
- Bernhard Spring (* 1983), resident in Geusa from 1992 to 2005, writer and journalist. His novel Follow a Country Party ( Mitteldeutscher Verlag 2010) is about the Geusa manor.
Web links
swell
- ^ Gallus Haselbeck: Registrum Thuringiae Franciscanae. Regesta on the history of the Thuringian Franciscan Province 1633–1874. 3 volumes. Parzeller, Fulda 1940-42, OCLC 923963602.
- ↑ Spring, Bernhard: What role does the white goose play? In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, January 21, 2013
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas , Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 , p. 84 f.
- ^ The district of Merseburg in the municipal directory 1900
- ↑ Geusa on gov.genealogy.net
- ^ Official Journal Merseburg No. 15/2009 of June 26, 2009; (PDF file; 407.70 kB)
- ↑ http://www.histo-couch.de/bernhard-spring-haben-einer-landpartie.html
Remarks
- ↑ in the vicinity of the estate as a former Insten settlement , with the current connection to electricity and transport networks
Annemarienthal | Beuna (Geiseltal) | Elisabethhöhe | Freiimfelde | Geusa | Kötzschen | Merseburg | Meuschau | Neumarkt | Trebnitz | Veins | Good Werder