Thuringian district
The Thuringian District or Thuringian District was an administrative unit of the Electorate and the Kingdom of Saxony that existed until 1815 .
Geographical expansion
The area of the Thuringian District is now partly in the north of the Free State of Thuringia and in the south of the State of Saxony-Anhalt . The district stretched as a narrow strip along the Unstrut to its confluence with the Saale . In the southeast the district was bounded by the White Elster . The district had several exclaves.
Significant places in the district include a. Weißenfels , Sangerhausen and Langensalza .
Adjacent areas
| Thuringian states and the county of Stolberg | Principality of Saxony-Querfurt and Prussia ( Duchy of Magdeburg ) | Duchy of Saxony-Merseburg |
| Thuringian States and Ganerbschaft Treffurt |
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Leipzig district |
| Thuringian states and Archbishopric Mainz | Duchy of Saxony-Zeitz |
history
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The Thuringian District emerged from part of the former Landgraviate of Thuringia . With the division of Leipzig in 1485, a territorial division of the Wettin areas took place, the effect of which had a lasting influence on the administrative division of Thuringia. Duke Ernst (line of the Ernestines) received, in addition to the Kurlanden and the electoral dignity, considerable parts of central and eastern Thuringia; his brother Albrecht (line of the Albertines) had control of the northern and north-eastern parts of Thuringia from 1485, along with other parts of the area.
When the Ernestines had to cede substantial parts of their territory to the Albertines as a result of the Schmalkaldic War , the necessity of restructuring the now greatly enlarged Albertine area for effective administration became apparent. Elector Moritz therefore issued an ordinance on August 5, 1547, which was to regulate the administration's interests anew. Electoral Saxony was divided into districts, from which the Thuringian district was formed for north and north-east Thuringia.
The district was divided into 2 districts and several administrative districts.
The so-called Upper District included the districts of Langensalza, Sachsenburg, Weißensee and Sangerhausen and the rural towns of Weißensee, Langensalza, Sangerhausen, Tennstedt and Thamsbrück. Under the sovereignty of Kursachsen were the Schwarzburg and Stolberg offices of Kelbra and Heringen (both jointly owned by the counties of Stolberg-Roßla and Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt ), the office of Ebeleben (Grafschaft Schwarzburg-Sondershausen ), and the offices of the counties of Stolberg-Stolberg and Stolberg- Rossla .
The lower district formed the administrative districts of Weißenfels, Eckartsberga and Freyburg as well as the cities of Weißenfels, Freyburg, Eckartsberga, Müelte and Laucha.
By collecting Weissenfels to the city of the duchy Saxe-Weissenfels (1656-1746) at the time existed a central site for most of the Thüringer circle part for that period to the Duchy. Weissenfels retained this function for a time after 1746. For example, in the 1760s the district chief Senfft von Pilsach had his seat in Weißenfels. Further administrative tasks were partly carried out in Tennstedt and Pforta, so that there was a kind of three-way division into administrative tasks.
When the territory of Sachsen-Weißenfels was reclassified in 1746, the process of consolidation of the Thuringian district was completed.
As a result of the Congress of Vienna , the Kingdom of Saxony concluded a peace and friendship treaty with Prussia on May 18, 1815 , which provided for the loss of its Thuringian territories. The possession by Prussia took place on May 22nd. The Thuringian District was assigned to the Merseburg administrative region of the newly created Prussian province of Saxony (1816). Only the offices of Weißensee and Langensalza and the office of Tennstedt were incorporated into the Erfurt administrative district. The Großfurra and Bendeleben exclaves of the Weißensee district were annexed to the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen ( subordinate rule ) in 1816 . Some places in the southern outskirts, as well as the Tautenburg office, came to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach .
Although the Thuringian district had in fact lost its role as a territorial unit, it continued to exist as an administrative unit in the corporate sense. Regardless of the new border between the administrative districts of Erfurt and Merseburg, the old district division of the Thuringian district and the use of the term was retained. So the "knighthood of the Thuringian district Prussian share" was organized in the regional associations (Recepturverbände): Thuringian district, Merseburg administrative district and Thuringian district, Erfurt administrative district. (General tax constitution in the Prussian monarchy of 1828, § 213).
On a given occasion, for example when the new district chairman was elected, the Thuringian estates held district conventions. The last district convention took place on September 28, 1869 in Kösen. 75 representatives from the districts of Langensalza, Weißensee, Sangerhausen, Querfurt, Eckartsberga, Weißenfels, Naumburg and Zeitz were present. In the course of the convention, the dissolution of the "old Thuringian district association" was decided. The assets were divided among the individual districts, which was completed by around the middle of the 1870s.
Offices
Electoral Saxon offices in Thuringia
| Office | Official seat | District | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| District Office Tennstedt | Tennstedt | Electoral Saxon district office with the task of supervising the writers in the offices of Langensalza, Sangerhausen and Weißensee, which were left to the secondary school | |
| Office Langensalza | Langensalza | upper district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Weißensee Office | Weissensee | upper district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Sachsenburg Office | Sachsenburg | upper district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Office Sangerhausen | Sangerhausen | upper district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Eckartsberga Office | Eckartsberga | lower district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Pforta school office | School gate | Administration of the Pforta State School ; Responsibility for the supervision of the writers in the offices of Eckartsberga, Freyburg and Weißenfels, which are left to the secondary school | |
| Freyburg Office | Freyburg | lower district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Weissenfels Office | Weissenfels | lower district | from 1656/57 to 1746 with the Duchy of Saxony-Weißenfels |
| Office Tautenburg | Tautenburg | from 1656/57 to 1718 with the Duchy of Saxony-Zeitz | |
| Herrschaft Treffurt with the Vogtei Dorla (electoral part) | Treffurt , Oberdorla (for Vogtei) | Inheritance management with Kurmainz and Hessen-Kassel |
Offices of the Principality of Saxony-Querfurt
The offices of the Principality of Saxony-Querfurt were:
| Office | Official seat |
|---|---|
| Wendelstein Office | Wendelstein |
| Office Sittichenbach | Parakeet stream |
| Querfurt Office | Querfurt |
| Office Heldrungen | Heroics |
| Office Dahme | Dahme / Mark |
| Office Jüterbog | Jueterbog |
Church structure
The first Protestant church visitation in the Thuringian district took place after the death of Duke George of Saxony in 1539 . The parishes were divided into the following five superintendentes ( superattendentz ):
See also
literature
- Frank Boblenz : From the Principality of Thuringia to the Thuringian District. For the administrative integration of Sangerhausen in northern Thuringia in Wettin. In: Harzzeitschrift, 52/53 (2000/2001), pp. 37-67.
- Frank Boblenz: Thuringian District and Thuringian Cities Association - an excursus on Prussian Thuringia until 1919/20. Part 1. In: Journal of the Association for Thuringian History, Volume 49 (1995).
