Office pegs

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Office herring was a territorial administrative unit jointly owned by 1710 in an imperial immediacy Principality converted County Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and the County of Stolberg-Rossla .

Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815, as an office under the sovereignty of the Electorate of Saxony, it was the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army service .

Geographical location

The Heringen district was in the Golden Aue , between the southern Harz and Windleite . The helmets flowed through it. The official area is today in the district of Nordhausen , Thuringia . Today it borders on Saxony-Anhalt in the east , which was also the historical border to the Kelbra office .

Adjacent administrative units

The Heringen office belonged jointly to the northeastern county of Stolberg-Roßla and the southeastern subordinate rule of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt . It was only connected with these territorially through the Kelbra office, which was also administered jointly.

Free imperial city of Nordhausen Electorate of Hanover (exclave Ilfeld , formerly Amt Hohnstein )
Kingdom of Prussia (exclave former County of Klettenberg ) Neighboring communities Amt Kelbra (joint property of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and the County of Stolberg-Roßla )
Electorate of Saxony ( Weißensee office , Großfurra exclave ) Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen ( subordinate rule )

history

Count of Hohnstein

In 1155 the place Heringen was first mentioned in a document from the Fulda monastery , located on the old military road Merseburg – Nordhausen. Heringen was first owned by the Counts of Beichlingen . Count Friedrich IV., Founder of the Beichlingen-Rothenburg line and burgrave of Kyffhausen, sold herring to Count Heinrich III around 1300. from Hohnstein . After 1330 Heinrich IV. And his cousin Dietrich IV. Shared their hereditary lands and so the latter became the founder of the Hohnstein-Heringen line.

The former moated castle Heringen was built by Count Dietrich IV von Hohnstein south of the Helme around 1330 . With it one secured a river crossing. Heringen had owned the town charter granted by Count Dietrich IV at least since 1327, when it was mentioned as a town in the Walkenried document book in that year .

In 1373 the lines Hohnstein- Kelbra - Heringen and Hohnstein- Lohra - Klettenberg divided the county among themselves, whereby the ancestral county with the castle of the same name should remain in common ownership.

In the Flegler War of 1412, part of the rulership was destroyed and ultimately the downfall of the Hohnsteiners was initiated. As Dietrich IX. Count zu Hohnstein (line Hohnstein-Kelbra-Heringen) died in 1417 without male descendants, the castle, town and office of Heringen fell to the heirs of Count Botho, Herr zu Stolberg and Count Heinrich von Schwarzburg , Herr zu Arnstadt as a fiefdom of the Wettin Landgraves of Thuringia and Sondershausen, on the one hand, and the siblings of Count Dietrich, Lutradis, wife of Heinrich VII von Gera and Lobenstein and Elisabeth, wife of Gottschalk zu Plesse, on the other hand, each to a quarter.

In 1432 and 1439 Dietrich IX's nephews sold. von Hohnstein-Heringen, Heinrich Reuss von Gera and Gottschalk von Plesse , their shares in Heringen also to the Counts of Schwarzburg and the Counts of Stolberg , who were now enfeoffed together with the City and Office of Heringen. With the new feudal letter of the Saxon dukes Friedrich and Wilhelm from January 1440, the age of the Hohnsteiner ends in the Golden Aue .

The next 100 years will be characterized by the divided rulership and the peripheral locations of the Golden Aue in the respective territories of the counts. The Schwarzburger expanded their residences in Sondershausen and Frankenhausen , the Stolberger the residence in Stolberg .

Wettiner, Stolberger and Schwarzburger

Since the division of Leipzig in 1485, sovereignty over the office of Heringen has been with the Albertine line of the Wettins , whose possessions were elevated to the Electorate of Saxony after the Wittenberg surrender in 1547 .

The Counts of Stolberg came into great financial hardship from 1554, which is why they borrowed 20,000 gold guilders from Schwarzburgers and pledged their share of the Heringen office in return.

Count Wilhelm von Schwarzburg, son of Count Günther XL., To whom Frankenhausen was assigned as a place of residence and residence in 1560 , arranged for a division of property with his two brothers. 1570/71 he received sole rule in Frankenhausen and the offices of Heringen and Kelbra as well as Straussberg . In 1592/1593 the Stolbergian half of the offices passed into the possession of Count Wilhelm von Schwarzburg as a pledge and for Stolberg to be repurchased. Due to the high amount of debt, the Stolberg House was unable to redeem its share.

Count Wilhelm I, Herr zu Schwarzburg-Frankenhausen died childless in 1598, which led to the extinction of the Schwarzburg-Frankenhausen rule . The office and castle Heringen belonged to the county of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt , subordinate to Frankenhausen . After the county of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was raised to a principality directly under the Empire in 1710 , the sovereignty of the Electorate of Saxony over the Unterherrschaft Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt expired with the exception of the offices of Kelbra and Heringen.

The Stolberg part of the office, which was held as pledge by the Counts of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, came to the County of Stolberg-Roßla after the division of the County of Stolberg in 1706 .

In the 17th century, Heringen Castle was more and more forgotten. The last representative visited the palace in 1721, it was Prince Friedrich Anton von Schwarzburg. The residence turned into an agricultural domain .

The place Leimbach was assigned in 1717 to the neighboring exclave of the Landdrostei Hildesheim around the place Ilfeld of the Electorate of Hanover .

Prussia

As a result of the defeat of Saxony , which was appointed a kingdom in 1806 , the Congress of Vienna decided in 1815 to assign territories. a. affected all areas in Thuringia under the control of Saxony . State sovereignty over the offices of Heringen and Kelbra was ceded to the Kingdom of Prussia .

In 1816 a state treaty was signed between the Kingdom of Prussia and the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt . By redeeming the Stolberg share, all rights to the office were transferred to Prussia and Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt received compensation. Heringen castle and domain were now owned by the King of Prussia. Herrings with his office were the district Sangerhausen in the administrative district of Merseburg of the Prussian province of Saxony affiliated.

In 1836, the Count of Stolberg – Stolberg obtained the transfer of the office of Heringen, together with the castle and domain, from the Prussians in return for the refund of the redemption sum equal to the amount that Prussia had paid to the Schwarzburger. However, Prussia retained sovereignty.

Associated places

Cities
Villages

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The office consisted of the villages Görsbach, Auleben, Hamma, Uthleben, Hayn, Steinbrücken, Sundhausen, Bielen, Leimbach and Windehausen.

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