Plessen (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Lower Saxon noblemen of Plesse
Coat of arms of the Mecklenburg von Plesse (n)

Plesse is a noble family from the tribal duchy of Saxony , who owned the eponymous castle between Northeim and Göttingen from 1150 to 1571 at the latest . From extensive core and free float, the Gottschalk line of the family, which died out in 1571, formed the rule of Plesse, which was finally immediately imperial since the 14th century. Members of the Bernhard Line, which still exists today, emigrated to Mecklenburg in the first half of the 13th century, branched out to Denmark in the 17th century and later to Holstein. They have been called Plessen since the 16th century .

history

Southern Lower Saxony

The story of the Lords of Plesse begins with Helmoldus de Huckelem ( Höckelheim ) (1097/1144). His alleged sons Bernhard I . (1150–1190) and Gottschalk I (1170–1190) had owned the episcopal Paderborn fief at Plesse Castle since 1150 . Occasionally they still called themselves Höckelheim , but from 1170 increasingly Plesse , because from then on they made the castle the center of their rule and life.

The proven line of the older line of the gentlemen / noblemen of Plesse begins with Bernhard I. The younger line began with his brother Gottschalk I. His grandson Gottschalk III. von Plesse (1238-1300) acquired the shares of the older line in the years 1284/1288, which thus left the community of heirs and feudal families. The younger line owned the rule until 1571. In that year Dietrich IV. Nobleman von Plesse died. With him the younger line became extinct and the rule of Plesse passed to Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hesse-Kassel as a result of feudal reversal .

Mecklenburg

In the 1220s, Helmold III disappeared . and Bernhard III. , two members of the Bernhard Line, from Plesse Castle. In the meantime they stayed in the Weser area near Wahlingen before appearing in Mecklenburg in 1240. Bernhard III. received a castle loan in Mecklenburg and often stayed in the entourage of Johann I von Mecklenburg, to whose councilors he was one.

In Mecklenburg, the name form Plesse was gradually replaced by the name form Plessen in a development that continued into the 17th and 18th centuries , with early evidence of the name form Plessen already from the beginning of the 14th century and increasing in frequency in the 15th century.

Helmolds III. Son of the same name, Helmold von Plesse (1263/1283), is the first Plessen to be fully documented in Mecklenburg. This makes him the progenitor of the local gentlemen von Plesse (n). At the latest he made the change of coat of arms. The red wall anchor no longer adorned his shield, but a black bull . Although such changes of coat of arms are not fundamentally unusual, its relationship to the castle-seated gentlemen / noblemen of Plesse is also doubted in the relevant literature. Helmold was one of the sovereign councilors. In twenty documents from Prince Johann I and Heinrich I , he was always mentioned as a witness and often referred to as "our knight". This address proved his membership in the "team" and his fiefdom relationship with the sovereigns, although as a nobleman he probably did not become a ministerial in the true sense, especially since there were hardly any such in Mecklenburg. During the decades of imprisonment of Heinrich I of Mecklenburg in Cairo, Helmold Plessen protected his underage children at the castle in Wismar and accepted his own damage for this. His act established the closest ties between the Plessen and the future sovereign.

After Heinrich II of Mecklenburg had reached maturity, Helmold Plessen's five sons Bernhard (1286/1325) , Helmold the Elder rose . Ä. (1291/1310) , Johann (1294/1324) , Helmold the Elder J. (1295/1321) and Reimar Plessen (1295/1328) all to the state councils, a unique process in Mecklenburg. The oldest seal impressions with the Plessen bull come from them. In addition, Johann and Helmold d. J. as a Mecklenburg war entrepreneur in the service of her client Heinrich II of Mecklenburg .

The family members Johann Plessen in Lübz (1318/1367) , Reimar Plessen in Barnekow (1325/1368) , Reimar Plessen in Brüel (1361/1399) , Johann Plessen (1369/1376) and Helmold Plessen in Barnekow (1356 / 1400) in the course of the 14th century. They were all ducal councilors and at the same time Mecklenburg war entrepreneurs. They invested the profits from their wartime entrepreneurship in extensive property complexes, the preservation of which they secured for the family with a loan in full. Overall, the Plessen family provided 25 sovereign councilors in Mecklenburg from the 13th to the 15th century, significantly more than any other noble family during this period.

Barnekow remained in the family from the early 14th to the 18th century. The Plessen remained, with the exception of short mortgage periods, for over two hundred and fifty years in the lien possession of Brüel , which had a castle instead of an old Slavic castle. According to a document from 1340, Reimar von Plessen elevated Brüel to the status of Stedeken , i.e. town, probably with Parchim town charter . Brüel and Bibow remained in the possession of the Plessens until 1611, in the town church of Brüel there is a life-size mural of Heinrich von Plessen with his wife from around 1500.

The Lords of Plesse (n) were the ruling family of the Klützer Winkel from the 14th century to the beginning of the 18th century . From 1336 to 1945 they sat at the Damshagen manor , one of their oldest ancestral seats in Mecklenburg. Starting from the village church of Gressow under the patronage of Berend von Plesse , they were the main supporters of the Reformation movement in northwest Mecklenburg. In 1653, Colonel Helmuth von Plessen bought the manor Cambs with numerous ancillary estates from his mother's family, who had got into over-indebtedness during the Thirty Years' War ; it remained in the family until 1795. From 1662 to 1798 the Katelbogen estate (with a brief interruption) was owned by the Plessen. In 1732, Kord von Plessen acquired the Schönfeld manor , but after a good decade it left the family again, until it came into their possession again from 1933 to 1945; In 1991 it was bought back by the family for the third time. This means that members of the von Plessen family, whose history they have helped to shape, have regained a foothold in their homeland after they were expelled in 1945 and expropriated without compensation on their remaining property due to the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone .

From the end of the 18th century to 1945 the manor Dolgen also belonged to the von Plessen family. Carl von Plessen and his wife Anna geb. von Carnap , who had previously lived in Eller Castle near Düsseldorf, acquired the Reez manor in 1838 and had a new manor house built there; This estate also remained in the possession of the descendants until 1945. From 1847 to 1945 the castle Trechow manor also belonged to the von Plessen family; a descendant in the female line bought it back after 1990.

Ivenack Castle , Mecklenburg

Around 1725 Helmuth von Plessen auf Cambs und Torgelow, imperial count since 1741, acquired the great manor of Ivenack - a monastery that was secularized during the Reformation - through marriage to the widow of the builder of the baroque palace there; In 1761 he founded a Fideikommiss , which after his death fell to his nephew Helmuth Burchard Hartwig von Maltzahn († 1797), a son of his sister Elisabeth Magdalene. Since then, the respective majority holders carried the title and coat of arms of an Imperial Count of Plessen until 1945, while the other descendants kept the baronial name Maltzahn. The last Fideikommissherr, Albrecht Freiherr von Maltzahn, Count von Plessen (* 1891), committed suicide on May 6, 1945, together with his wife.

Plessen coat of arms in the nuns choir of the Ribnitz monastery church

As one of the oldest noble families in Mecklenburg, the von Plessen families were also connected to the Dobbertin monastery at an early stage . Alheydis de Plesse was mentioned as Priorissa in the Benedictine monastery as early as 1343. In the directory of the prioresses and virgins of Dobbertin from 1491 to 1560, which is in the original in the Danish secret imperial archive in Copenhagen and was compared there on May 17, 1859 by the secret archivist GCF Lisch from Schwerin, from 1491 Caterina, Margarete and Elisabeth van Pletzen (Plessen) run as nuns in the Dobbertin monastery. In the list of names drawn up in 1591, Sophia von Plessen is not mentioned as a sub-priority. Even after the Reformation with the conversion of the nunnery into a noble women's monastery, from 1572 the von Plessen had for over 300 years housed many of their daughters in various women's monasteries in Mecklenburg to secure their care, primarily in the Rühn monastery , the Ribnitz clearing monastery and the Dobbertin monastery. For example, in the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are 56 entries by daughters of the von Plessen families from Barnekow, Cambs, Damshagen, Dolgen, Gressow, Herzberg, Krambs, Klein Renzow, Müsselmow, Raden, Reez , Schönfeld , Steinhusen and Trechow from the years 1700–1902 for inclusion in the noble women's monastery there ; ten of them were accepted as conventuals in the Dobbertin monastery. Besides some coats of arms and the arms of alliance of Konventualinnen is located on the northern Gebetsloge on the nuns' gallery in the monastery church is a picture of the coat of arms in 1711 had come to the monastery Magdalene von Plessen on Müsselmow.

Denmark and Holstein

Some of the descendants of Helmold von Plessen migrated from Mecklenburg to Denmark and later to Holstein in the 17th century . The Danish Secret Council Christian Ludwig von Plessen married Charlotte Amalie Skeel (from the Danish noble family Scheel / Skeel ) in 1702 and took the name "Scheel von Plessen" (see: Scheel von Plessen ).

From 1702 until the expropriation of Germans in Denmark in 1945, the property of the Skeel family belonged to the Fussingø estate in Randers municipality , which today belongs to the Danish state; The Danish feudal counts had been linked to this property (including the Holstein estates Wahlstorf and Sierhagen ) since 1829 . In 1888 a second-born son received the Prussian count as Scheel-Plessen . Wahlstorf, which has been in the family since 1736, is now owned by a family foundation, and Sierhagen has also belonged to the Counts of Scheel-Plessen since 1809. The Danish estate Selsø was owned by the Plessen from 1720 to 2004 and is now owned by the Barons of Malsen- Plessen. At the beginning of the 19th century the Gut Nehmten in Holstein came from the Schreiber von Cronstern family to the Counts of Plessen-Cronstern; as a result of inheritance, it now belongs to Christoph Freiherr von Fürstenberg- Plessen.

Ranks

coat of arms

Quedlinburg coat of arms from 1209 - the coat of arms of Helmold II von Plesse
  • The earliest depiction of the coat of arms of the castle-seated gentlemen / noblemen of Plesse from 1209 shows a silver wall anchor on a red shield . The coat of arms, together with thirty-two other coats of arms, adorns the Quedlinburg coat of arms box , a reliquary from the treasure of the collegiate church there. All coats of arms on the work of art are shown without crests and blankets. Later Plesse coats of arms show a red wall anchor on a silver shield or, according to tradition, also a gold shield with the red wall anchor. The full coat of arms shows above the shield the helmet with blankets in the coat of arms colors and the red wall anchors before besteckten with peacock feathers column in the tincture of the shield.
  • The ancestral coat of arms of the line that emigrated to Mecklenburg shows (based on the sovereign coat of arms ) in gold a red-tongued black primal bull walking to the right. On the helmet with black and gold covers there are two half red wheels, all around equipped with 21 arrow shafts with stars on their tip (seal of Johann von Plesse 1318), which later became natural peacock feathers.
Historical coats of arms and seals

  • Seal of Gottschalk III. von Plesse (1238-1300)

  • Coat of arms in the "Wappenbuch von den Erste, Codex Seffken" from 1379

  • Plesse coat of arms on the church of Eddigehausen

  • Seal of the knights Johann and Reimar von Plesse

  • Coat of arms of the Barons of Plessen

  • "Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families"

  • Coat of arms from the Mecklenburg Vorpommern Lexicon

Historic sites

Biographies

Helmold I. von Höckelheim and selected offspring

Family table: Count Haolde, the presumed ancestors of the Lords of Höckelheim / Plesse
Family tree: (older) Bernhard line of the gentlemen from Höckelheim / Plesse
Family tree: (younger) Gottschalk line of the gentlemen from Höckelheim / Plesse
Knight Helmold von Plesse ; The seven “Plessen churches” are listed below. Representation from 1743
Volrad von Plesse as the teacher of Prince Karl Ludwig , painting by Jan Lievens , 1631
Leopold von Plessen , Minister, representative at the Congress of Vienna , Privy Councilor and District President of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Hans von Plessen , Colonel General with the rank of General Field Marshal , at the age of 76 the oldest active officer in the German Empire
Hennecke von Plessen , regional economic advisor to the NSDAP in Mecklenburg
Ancestry for Augusta Charlotta Sophia von Plessen (1772–1840, Württemberg line of Plessen)
  • Helmold I von Höckelheim ( Helmoldus de Huckelem , 1st half of the 12th century) appears twice as a witness in documents. The first document was issued in Grone on July 26th 1097 and mentioned by the Hessian historian Helfrich Bernhard Wenck . According to new research, the certificate in which Emperor Heinrich IV. Confirms the sale of a property and three servants to the Helmarshausen monastery is a forgery from the 12th century. Another document was issued on June 26, 1144 in Northeim at the instigation of Abbot Wicelin von Northeim, in which he, at the request of Siegfried IV von Boyneburg, confirmed that the place Amelungsborn , which was given to the monastery at the foundation, was given by Siegfried III. - the son of Otto von Northeim - taken back from the monastery by exchange and used again by his son Siegfried IV to furnish the Amelungsborn monastery. Witnesses to the transaction include a. Hermann II von Winzenburg - feudal bearer of the episcopal Paderborn Castle near Northeim - his brother Heinrich von Assel , who married Richenza von Boyneburg in the same year, and Helmold von Höckelheim , whose property is also at the gates of Northeim. The authenticity of this document is not in doubt. Helmold I. von Höckelheim is presumably a nephew of the noble brothers Eppo / Erp (1103), Dietrich (1107/1128) and Gottschalk (1107/1128), one of whom is probably his father. The three brothers are probably the sons of Gottschalk von Lengede (1070), who would be a close relative - if not the grandfather - of Helmold I. von Höckelheim. Gottschalk von Lengede probably comes from Count Bernhard von Padberg (around 990-1030) of the Franco-Alemannic family of Count Haolde (verifiable from 870). This explains on the one hand the later first name tradition of the noble lords of Höckelheim / Plesse (Bernhard, Helmold, Gottschalk), but also their tradition of ownership in Lengede, Hullersen and Höckelheim itself, which not only explains Gottschalk von Lengede, the noble lords Eppo / Erp, Dietrich and Gottschalk - but later also the noblemen from Höckelheim / Plesse, both in the older Bernhard line and in the younger Gottschalk line.
  • Bernhard von Plesse (1150/1183), until 1152 Burgmann zu Plesse for Hermann II. Von Winzenburg (1123-1152), until 1180 for Heinrich the Lion and from then until 1183 himself feudal bearer of the Bishop of Paderborn at Castle Plesse
  • Bernhard I von Höckelheim / Plesse (1170/1190), founder of the older line , received the Plesse Castle from Bernhard von Plesse (1150/1183) together with his brother Gottschalk I (1170/1190) (founder of the younger line ) Diocese of Paderborn as a fief
  • Helmold II von Plesse (mentioned for the first time in 1191), a follower of Emperor Otto IV, in 1211 commander of an army on the cross in Livonia , witness of important political notices in the Baltic region
  • Poppo von Plesse (1209–1247, † before 1255), knight, the youngest son of Bernhard I, founded the Höckelheim monastery with his cousins ​​from the "younger line" in 1247, made large donations to churches and monasteries
  • Helmold IV von Plesse (1240–1268), Poppos' sole heir, set up the family burial with his cousins ​​in the monastery church in Höckelheim, argued with the monasteries of Osterode and Walkenried, made a conditional promise of assistance to the dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg
  • Helmold V. von Plesse (1269–1292), sole heir of Helmold IV., Is the last of the "older line" with a notable stake in the castle and lordship, which he sold in 1284/1288, made large donations to churches and monasteries

Mecklenburg line

  • Bernhard Plessen in Wahlingen (1226/1263), knight and councilor of Johann I of Mecklenburg, Burgmann in Mecklenburg
  • Helmold Plessen (1263/1283), knight, carries a new coat of arms, advice from Heinrichs des Pilgers , Burgmann in Wismar, protected the minor children of the sovereign during the guardianship
  • Bernhard Plessen (1286/1325), knight, sovereign councilor, founder and patron of a vicarie in Hohen Viecheln, knight statue (early 14th century)
  • Helmold Plessen the Elder Ä. (1291/1310), knight, sovereign councilor, co-owner of the patronage in Hohen Viecheln
  • Johann Plessen in Rosenthal (1294/1324), knight, sovereign councilor, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur
  • Helmold Plessen the Elder J. in Rosenthal (1295/1321), knight, sovereign councilor, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur
  • Reimar Plessen (1295/1328), knight, councilor of Heinrich II., The Lion, of Mecklenburg
  • Heinrich von Plesse (n) in Arpshagen (1318/1337), knight, Regency Council for the sons of Heinrich II, the Lion, of Mecklenburg
  • Johann Plessen in Lübz (1318/1367), knight, regency councilor for the sons of Heinrich II, the Lion, of Mecklenburg, councilor for Duke Albrecht II of Mecklenburg, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, pledge holder of the Bailiwick of Lübz
  • Reimar Plessen in Barnekow (1325/1368), squire, councilor Albrecht II of Mecklenburg, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, pledge holder of the bailiwicks of Wittenburg, Neustadt and Marnitz
  • Adelheid (Adelheydis) von (de) Plessen (Plesse), Prioress (Priorissa) in the Dobbertin Monastery (1343)
  • Reimar Plessen in Brüel (1361/1399), knight, ducal councilor, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, pawnbroker from Marnitz and Neustadt
  • Johann Plessen (1369/1376), knight, ducal councilor, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, lien owner of the bailiwicks of Neustadt and Marnitz
  • Helmold Plessen (1356/1400), knight, ducal councilor, Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, pawnbroker of the bailiwicks of Neustadt and Marnitz, founded a vicarie in Gressow
  • Bernhard Plessen in Arpshagen (1395/1434), knight, councilor to Duke Johann IV of Mecklenburg , guardianship council
  • Johann Plessen in Barnekow (1398/1436), squire, ducal councilor
  • Konrad Plessen in Damshagen (1392/1448), squire, ducal council
  • Helmold Plessen in Lübz (1399/1442), knight, ducal councilor, lien in the Bailiwick of Lübz
  • Helmold von Plesse (n) (1412–1443), Marshal (1440) von Lübeck , member of the circle society
  • Reimar Plessen in Zülow (1421/1471), squire, ducal councilor
  • Bernhard Plessen (1449/1468), knight, ducal councilor, commander in Mirow
  • Reimar Plessen in Arpshagen (1420/1458), squire, ducal councilor
  • Bernhard Plessen in Röggelin (1431/1454), knight, ducal councilor
  • Bernhard Plessen in Grundshagen (1455/1489), squire, ducal councilor
  • Wichbert Plessen in Großenhof (1455/1495), squire, ducal council
  • Heinrich Plessen in Brüel (1472/1512), knight, ducal councilor, built the knight's house in Brüel
  • Helmold Plessen in Müsselmow (1472/1518), squire, ducal councilor
  • Theodor (Diedrich) von Plessen auf Zülow (1487–1576), during the conversion of the Dobbertin monastery into a noble women's monastery in 1572/73 provisional
  • Berend von Plesse (n) († 1555), main sponsor of the Mecklenburg Reformation , starting in Gressow
  • Bernd von Plesse (n) (1528–1604), ducal court master, commandant of the Rostock fortress
  • Volrad von Plessen (1560–1631), Electoral Palatinate Privy Councilor and Minister of State
  • Volrad von Plessen (zu Bützow) (1581–1638), privy councilor and chancellery director, episcopal governor of Bützow
  • Diedrich Barthold von Plessen (1594–1652), court marshal , Hessian secret council president
  • Daniel von Plessen (1606–1672), German administrative officer and district administrator of Mecklenburg, (1653–1659) provisional in the Dobbertin monastery
  • Helmuth von Plessen (military) (1612-1694), colonel and commander of an imperial cuirassier - Regiment
  • Christian Siegfried von Plessen (1646–1723), Privy Councilor and Court Marshal of Prince Joergen of Denmark
  • Diedrich Joachim von Plessen (1670–1733), Real Privy Councilor and President of the Chamber
  • Karl Adolf von Plessen (1678–1758), Danish court marshal and chief chamberlain
  • Helmuth von Plessen (politician) (1699–1761), Real Privy Councilor and Minister of State
  • Jakob Levin von Plessen (1701–1761), court marshal in Eutin , provost of the Lübeck bishopric
  • Bernhard Hartwig von Plessen (1709–1767), Danish Chamberlain , First Councilor and Chancellor at the Gottorf Supreme Court
  • Louise von Plessen (1725–1799), Chief Chamberlain at the Danish court of King Christian VII and Caroline Mathilde
  • Mathias von Plessen (1730–1794), Mecklenburg Major General
  • Hans Georg Gottfried von Plessen (1765–1837), chancellery and chamberlain, Brunswick landscape president
  • Leopold von Plessen (1769–1837), diplomat, chamberlain, minister, secretary councilor and district president, representative of Mecklenburg-Schwerin at the Congress of Vienna
  • Wilhelm Friedrich Albrecht von Plessen (1778–1856), Chamberlain of Württemberg and member of the state parliament
  • Ludwig (Louis) von Plessen (1784–1828), colonel and commander of the Lancers Guards Regiment in Paris
  • Hans Adolf von Plessen (1790–1871), Chamberlain, Real Privy Councilor and Lord Chamberlain
  • August Leopold von Plessen (1797–1862), Colonel and Commandant of Ludwigslust
  • Hermann von Plessen (1803–1877), Prussian lieutenant general
  • Wilhelm August von Plessen (1808–1887), Württemberg State Minister
  • Otto von Plessen (1816–1897), Danish diplomat
  • Hugo von Plessen (1818–1904), bailiff of the Gottorf and Hütten offices, first district administrator in the Schleswig district
  • Adolf von Plessen (1835–1909), German landowner and member of the Reichstag
  • Hans Georg von Plessen (1841–1929), Prussian Colonel General with the rank of General Field Marshal and Canon of Brandenburg
  • Ludwig von Plessen-Cronstern (1848–1929), German diplomat
  • Hennecke von Plessen (1894–1968), regional economic advisor to the NSDAP in Mecklenburg and chairman of the Plessen family association
  • Leopold von Plessen (diplomat) (1894–1971), German diplomat
  • Victor Baron von Plessen (1900–1980), German explorer
  • Elisabeth Plessen (* 1944), German writer and literary translator, professional partner and partner of Peter Zadek (1926–2009) from 1980
  • Marie-Louise von Plessen (* 1950), German cultural historian , writer and museologist
  • Gero von Plessen (* 1964), university professor for physics at RWTH Aachen
  • Magnus (von) Plessen (* 1967 in Hamburg), artist

Scheel von Plessen

literature

  • Peter Aufgebauer : The Lords of Plesse and their castle in the politics of the 12th and 13th centuries. In: Peter Aufgebauer (Hrsg.): Castle research in southern Lower Saxony. Published on behalf of the association of the "Friends of the Castle Plesse eV" book publisher Göttinger Tageblatt, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-924781-42-7 .
  • Josef Dolle (Hrsg.): Document book on the history of the rule Plesse (until 1300). (= Publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, sources and studies on the history of Lower Saxony in the Middle Ages. 26). Hahnsche Buchhandlung Verlag, Hanover 1998, ISBN 3-7752-5820-5 .
  • Manfred Hamann : Mecklenburg history from the beginnings to the state union of 1523. (= Central German research. 51). Revised on the basis of Hans Witte . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne et al. 1968.
  • Detlev Hellfaier: Plesser seal and coat of arms in Freckenhorst Abbey. In: Plesse archive. 16, 1980, ISSN  0341-3837 , pp. 93-114.
  • Nathalie Kruppa: New thoughts on the Quedlinburg coat of arms. In: Concilium medii aevi. 4, 2001, ISSN  1437-9058 , pp. 153-177. (online, PDF; 558 kB)
  • Martin Last: Plesse Castle ; in: Plesse-Archiv, 10/1975. Pp. 9-249.
  • Friedrich Lisch : The Wismar Castle. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. 5, 1840, ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 5-19.
  • Friedrich Lisch: Thomas Aderpul or the Reformation to Gressow, Malchin and Bützow. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vintage. 16, Schwerin 1851, pp. 57-97.
  • Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology (Hrsg.): Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch. Volume I (786) to XXV. Volume (1400), Stiller in commission et al., Schwerin 1863–1936.
  • M. Naumann: The Plessen - family line from the XIII. to XX. Century. C. A. Starke, Görlitz 1940.
  • M. Naumann: The Plessen - family line from the XIII. to XX. Century. Published by Helmold von Plessen on behalf of the family association. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. C. A. Starke, Limburg an der Lahn 1971.
  • Ulrich von Oeynhausen: The Plessen and Hohen-Viecheln. Schwerin 1907.
  • Plesse archive (ed.): Flecken Bovenden. Series of publications in annual succession, 1966–1998. Complete production by Goltze-Druck, Göttingen.
  • Detlev Schwennicke : On the genealogy of the Lords of Plesse. In: Peter Aufgebauer (Hrsg.): Castle research in southern Lower Saxony. Published on behalf of the association of “Friends of Burg Plesse eV”, book publisher Göttinger Tageblatt, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-924781-42-7 , pp. 113–125.
  • Reinhard Wenskus : Saxon tribal nobility and Frankish imperial nobility (= treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class, Volume 3, No. 93) . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1976, ISBN 3-525-82368-1 .
  • Joachim Meier : Origines Et Antiqvitates Plessenses . Publishing house König, Leipzig 1713.
  • Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Thomas Helms Verlag , Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 [1] .
  • Plessen. In: Friedrich Cast: South German noble hero. Stuttgart 1839, p. 296ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dolle: Document book on the history of the rule Plesse (until 1300). 1998, No. 4, 13
  2. ^ Dolle: Document book on the history of the rule Plesse (until 1300). 1998, no.15
  3. ^ Entry by Stefan Eismann zu Plessen in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
  4. ↑ Bernhard Latomus : Origen Plessiacae Megapolitanae. Anno 1611.
  5. ↑ UBPlesse Nos. 29, 24
  6. ↑ UBPlesse Nos. 15, 19, 21, 22, 26
  7. ↑ UBPlesse Nos. 297, 320.
  8. ↑ Bernd Ulrich Hucker : How did Plesse come to Mecklenburg and why did they have a bull in their coat of arms there? In: Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse / Plessen - a thousand years of a north German noble family. Schwerin 2015, pp. 170-183.
  9. ↑ a b The Plessen. Website "Gut Schönfeld", Magnus von Plessen, Schönfeld in Mühlen Eichsen
  10. ↑ Schwennicke 2001
  11. ↑ MUB nos. 989, 996, 1040, 1056, 1059, 1078, 1107, 1122, 1158, 1183, 1192, 1193, 1215, 1216, 1230, 1231, 1237, 1311, 1332, 1488, 1524, 1656
  12. ↑ In Mecklenburg in the 13th century, differences in the birth class in the knighthood no longer played a role, the institute of ministeriality had not (at all) been introduced. Only a few noble families of the West, such as the Lords of Plesse, had participated in the settlement. Hamann 1968.
  13. ^ Wolfgang Huschner, Anke Huschner: Who ruled in Mecklenburg? Conflicts over the reign while Henry I was imprisoned in Cairo. In: Ernst Münch, Mario Niemann, Wolfgang Eric Wagner (eds.): Land - Stadt - Universität. Historical habitats of stands, classes and people. Hamburg 2010, pp. 19–75.
  14. ^ Tobias Pietsch: Johann Plessen zu Rosenthal and Johann Plessen zu Lübz. Two Mecklenburg war entrepreneurs. In: Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse / Plessen - a thousand years of a north German noble family. Schwerin 2015, pp. 201–204. - Tobias Pietsch: The Barnekower Plessen as war entrepreneurs in the 14th century. In: Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse / Plessen - a thousand years of a north German noble family. Schwerin 2015, pp. 220–226.
  15. ↑ Tobias Pietsch: Property complexes of the Plessen in the late Middle Ages. In: Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse / Plessen - a thousand years of a north German noble family. Schwerin 2015, pp. 264–269.
  16. ↑ Tobias Pietsch: The loan of the Plessen to the entire hand. In: Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse / Plessen - a thousand years of a north German noble family. Schwerin 2015, pp. 227–232.
  17. ↑ Lisch 1851
  18. ↑ Berend v. Plesse (n) (1527-1555) in Landschaft-mv.de ( Memento from January 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ↑ Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch (MUB) Volume XI, Schwerin (1875) No. 6315
  20. ↑ LHAS 2.12-2 / 3 Monasteries and Order of Knights, Dobbertin No. 248. List of the gender names found in documents as well as the prioresses and nuns of Dobbertin.
  21. ↑ M. Naumann: The Plessen - family line from XIII. to XX. Century . Edited by Dr. Helmold von Plessen on behalf of the family association. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. CA Starke, Limburg an der Lahn 1971.
  22. ↑ Friedrich Preßler: The coats of arms of the nun gallery. In: Dobbertin Monastery, History-Building-Life. (= Contributions to the history of art and the preservation of monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Volume 2). Schwerin 2012, ISBN 978-3-935770-35-4 , pp. 214–228, fig. 5. 10.
  23. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Department Main State Archive Stuttgart, E 157/1 Bü 631: Admission of Baron Ludwig von Plessen to the register of nobility  in the German Digital Library
  24. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Department Main State Archive Stuttgart, E 157/1 Bü 630: Plessen-Hohenentringen, of the inclusion of the district chief forestry officer and chamberlain of Plessen in the nobility register and family changes  in the German digital library
  25. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Department State Archives Ludwigsburg, E 177 I Bü 501: Freiherren v. Plessen (on Hohenentringen)  in the German Digital Library
  26. ↑ "Quedlinburg coat of arms" (PDF; 572 kB)
  27. ^ Kruppa 2001
  28. ↑ Hellfaier 1980
  29. ↑ Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families . dibiki.ub.uni-kiel.de. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
  30. ↑ Helmold Plesse. In: Bernhard Latomus: Monumenta inedita rerum Germanicarum praecipue Cimbriacarum et Megapolensium - Origines Plessiacae Megapolitanae. 1611. (digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de)
  31. ^ Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume II: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin 1898. (Reprint: Schwerin 1992, ISBN 3-910179-06-1 , pp. 302-311)
  32. ^ Helfrich Bernhard Wenck: Hessian national history. With a document book and geographical charts . Varrentrapp and Wenner, 1797. Volume 2.1 p.754, ( books.google.de )
  33. ^ Dolle: Document book on the history of the rule Plesse (until 1300) . 1998, No. 4, note 1.
  34. ^ Dolle: Document book on the history of the rule Plesse (until 1300). 1998, No. 13 note 1.
  35. ^ Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Volume I and II; Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , Volume II, p. 570
  36. ^ Aloys Schmidt ( arrangement ): Document book of the Eichsfeldes , beginning of sarc. IX to 1300, Volume 1 No. 30: 1070 (before 1.IX): Magdeburg 1933
  37. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: On the Genealogy of the Lords of Plesse; in: Peter Aufgebauer (ed.): Burgenforschung in Südniedersachsen , ed. on behalf of the association "Friends of Burg Plesse eV". Göttingen 2001, pp. 113-115
  38. ^ Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Volume I and II; Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , Volume II, Plate II
  39. ↑ Christian von Plessen: The Counts Haolde. Lineage from 9th to 12th century ; in the other (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family . Thomas Helms Verlag, Volume II, pages 569
  40. ↑ Christian von Plessen: The Counts Haolde. Lineage from 9th to 12th century ; in the other (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Volume I and II; Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , Volume II, pp. 561, 565-570
  41. ^ Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Volume I and II; Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , Volume I, pp. 18, 50; Volume II, pp. 561, 570, 578, 591
  42. ^ Christian von Plessen (ed.): Wall anchor and bull. Plesse, Plessen. A thousand years of a north German noble family. Volume I and II; Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , Volume I, p. 18; Volume II, pp. 561, 570, 590
  43. ↑ Bernd Ulrich Hucker : Reconstruction of the Itinerare of Helmold II von Plesse , in: Maueranker und Stier: Plesse / Plessen; A thousand years of a north German noble family (Volume 1) , Schwerin 2015, ISBN 978-3-944033-03-7 , pp. 100-104
  44. ↑ Internet site about Magnus Plessen at Artnet

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