Chapels in Lübeck Cathedral

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Burial chapels on the south aisle of the cathedral
Plan of the Lübeck Cathedral before 1878, before the northern entrance hall was uncovered. In the south the monastery, which was demolished in 1890 for the new museum building

The numerous side chapels in Lübeck Cathedral were used as burial places by members of the cathedral chapter after the Reformation and were mostly given their present appearance during the Baroque period . The located in the south aisle grave chapels of the Baroque can be found from the period, for example, that of the in Copenhagen based Flemish sculptor Thomas Quellinus created Tomb of the Danish Chancellor Johann Hugo von Lente and the grave chapel of Gottorf statesman Magnus von Wedderkop and his wife, who in the ensemble contrast the strict Romanesque church building with the other chapels. In particular, the chapels in the late Gothic choir of the church as well as those under the towers were badly affected in the air raid on Lübeck in 1942, so that only fragments of their original furnishings remain.

The following list first shows the chapels on the north side from west to east, then following clockwise the chapels in the choir. This is followed by the chapels in the area of ​​the two towers from north to south and the chapels on the south side of the nave also from west to east. It describes the respective history, the condition and the equipment up to 1942 as well as the current use and equipment after the reconstruction of the church.

Bagge Chapel

The founding history of this chapel is not known. At times it belonged to Canon Thomas Grote. Around 1560 it was a baptistery. Towards the end of the 16th century it was also called the Angerstein Chapel after the cathedral dean Andreas Angerstein († 1570), who was buried here . The chapel passed through several hands in the 17th and 18th centuries until it was acquired in 1775 by the Lübeck councilor Johann Friedrich Bagge . Today the chapel is used as a sacristy .

  • Bagge Chapel today, seen from the north aisle

  • Gravestone for Andreas Angerstein, second used for Johann Friedrich Bagge, formerly in the chapel, erected on the east side of the Norderturm since the end of the 19th century

Canon Chapel

This chapel was built at the beginning of the 14th century by the canon Johann vam Sode († 1340) in honor of St. Anne . Johann vam Sode donated a vicarie for the chapel in 1335 and was buried in this chapel. Since 1847 it has been used for meetings of the ministry of clergy and later the church council as well as a confirmation hall.

  • The new organ above the canons and the cantor chapels

Cantor Chapel

This chapel was built at the beginning of the 14th century, probably before 1308, by the Lübeck cathedral cantor Heinrich von Hattorp , who also set up a vicarie for this chapel in 1335. It has been called the Cantor Chapel since the 17th century .

Greveraden Chapel

The first recorded burial in this chapel was that of the priest Gerhard Ceghewange († 1319). It is assumed that he was also the owner of a vicarie in this chapel, which has not been recorded in writing. The canon and patron Adolf Greverade donated the Greveraden altar by Hans Memling for the cathedral , which is now in the St. Anne's Museum .

The chapel, which was under the administration of the Greveraden and Warneböken Foundation , received a new barrier in 1769 using parts of the Gothic brass grille according to a plan by the council builder Johann Adam Soherr . The rest of the brass was sold to the council founder Johann Hinrich Armowitz . Two putti with a cross and a Bible frame the Greverade family coat of arms. In 1883 the walls of the chapel were covered with glass plates ; the following year it received a new painting.

  • Greveraden Chapel

Hans Memling 002.jpg Hans Memling 007.jpg Hans Memling 003.jpg Middle part Hans Memling 008.jpg Hans Memling 006.jpg Hans Memling 005.jpg The Greveraden Altar, today in the St. Annen Museum

from Wickede Chapel

Originated as a burial chapel of the Schoneke family from Lübeck at the beginning of the 14th century. The priest Hermann Schoneke († 1339) donated a vicarie for this chapel in 1336 and was buried in it. After him, the mayor of Lübeck Nicolaus Schoneke found his final resting place here in 1362. It later fell to the von Wickede patrician family and has been the subject of multiple inheritance disputes within this family since the 17th century. The chapel is now used as the sexton's office.

  • Wickede Chapel

Cathedral dean's chapel

This chapel was built around 1300 by the Hildemar family from Lübeck . The mayor of Lübeck, Marquard Hildemar († 1300), was the first of his family to be buried in it. Since the 18th century it has been used as the chair chapel of the cathedral dean . When the Königstein Chapel was demolished in 1878, the baroque sarcophagi of the Danish privy councilor and Lübeck cathedral provost Johann Ludwig von Pincier and his wife were installed here.

  • Cathedral dean's chapel

  • Sarcophagi of Johann Ludwig von Pincier and his wife

from Focke-Kapelle

Built by the canon Johann Bule († 1332). The cathedral's ossuary was also located here , which was only removed when Benedikt von Ahlefeldt bought the chapel in 1710 and had the grave vault built in. In 1723 the chapel passed to the canon Heinrich von Focke (1673–1730) and, in connection with his death around 1730, was given its current design with the baroque portal with a Latin inscription by the Lübeck sculptor Hieronymus Hassenberg .

  • Focke Chapel

from Königstein Chapel (†)

Former chapel in the western yoke of the northern vestibule, possibly built together with an extension in the north-western corner of Paradise , in 1712 for the provost Johann Ludwig von Pincier . From the architectural point of view, it is not clear which of the two rooms was the Königstein Chapel. Both the walling in the northern vestibule and the extension were demolished before 1878. The von Pincier family's baroque sandstone sarcophagi were brought to the dean's chapel.

  • This drawing by Carl Julius Milde (1857) shows a view from the north into the northern vestibule, on the right the walls of the Königstein chapel with access

  • This drawing by Milde shows the corresponding exterior view, asymmetrically on the right the annex that was demolished before 1878

  • For comparison: the exposed paradise with symmetrical north gable in today's condition,

  • Paradise today from a side perspective, on the right the western yoke

(Former) sacristy

East of the north transept, the mausoleum was reduced by half in favor of the prince-bishop's mausoleum. To compensate for this, the sacristy was given a porch to the north in the same extent as the new mausoleum. This extension was removed again in the course of the uncovering of the northern entrance hall before 1878 together with the extension northwest of the northern entrance hall.

  • View of the space between the Prince-Bishop's mausoleum and the northern vestibule

  • Portal of the former sacristy in the north aisle

Prince-Bishop's mausoleum

For the successors of Prince-Bishop August Friedrich , who was buried in the Marientiden Chapel , the new Prince-Bishop's burial chapel was built until 1747 under the supervision of the Eutinian court architect Johann Christian Löwen , known as Lewon . By dividing the medieval sacristy in the eastern half and extending it to the north, a two-bay room was created. It is open to the north aisle of the cathedral with a sandstone portal created by Hieronymus Hassenberg . The portal shows a Latin portal inscription from 1741. The space behind it is covered with a barrel vault , the Rococo stucco decor of which is believed to have been made by the Eutin court sculptor Johann Georg Moser . In each of the two vaults there is a circular field with a tondo on canvas; the northern (reconstructed) picture shows God the Father enthroned; the southern one depicts the risen Christ in a version that was heavily painted over in 1869. The chapel was completely restored in 1985/86. The older coffins were created by the court sculptor Theodor Schlichting (around 1680–1746). In the chapel are buried:

  • New prince-bishop's burial chapel, portal

  • Interior

  • northern ceiling fresco

Mul chapel

Built by Johannes Mul as the St. Marien and Katharinen Chapel , named after the graves of Bishops Burkhard von Serkem and Johannes Mul, who were buried under a common grave slab with Latin inscriptions.

  • Brass grave plate of the bishops Serken and Mul

  • Detail of the double portrait on the grave slab

The family grave of Canon Johannes (Hans) von Brömbsen (* 1716 in Gereby ) is also located in this chapel . He became canon on October 23, 1722 and died on July 9, 1764 as senior of the chapter.

In the north-western corner, the Eckermann family's grave is divided off at Johannstorf in Mecklenburg. The brass inlays of the grave slabs of cathedral dean Christian August von Eyben and his wife are now on the wall .

  • Brass inlay of the tombstone of Christian August von Eyben

Dean's Chapel

Subsequently added to the ambulatory choir between 1464 and 1471. Donated by the cathedral dean Nikolaus van der Molen in his will for the use of his successors under the patronage of St. Mary as well as Philip and James, apostles . Gravestone for Canon August Meier († 1676) with Latin inscription. Today, various sarcophagi and architectural parts from destroyed chapels are placed in the chapel.

  • Gravestone August Meier

  • View into the dean 's chapel with the tombstone of Reimar Peter von Rheder († 1711) and the sarcophagi from the Wedderkop chapel under the south tower

Marientiden Chapel

At the east end of the choir. Two-bay extension with a 5/8 end in the 1440s, i.e. at the same time as the chapel of Lübeck's Marienkirche . Built from the estate of Provost Berthold Rike and his burial place, as well as Bishop Nikolaus II. Sachau († 1449).

From 1687 it was expanded into the burial place of Prince-Bishop August Friedrich († 1705) and his wife Christina von Sachsen-Weißenfels († 1698). The tomb created by Thomas Quellinus is essentially preserved, the barriers and the coats of arms only in remnants and in a different arrangement. The new prince-bishop's burial chapel was built for his successors until 1747 under the supervision of the Eutinian court architect Johann Christian Löwen , known as Lewon .

  • Marientiden Chapel outside from the north

  • Marientiden Chapel inside with the tomb for Prince-Bishop August Friedrich by Thomas Quellinus

  • August Friedrich's coat of arms from the destroyed barriers of the burial chapel

  • Christina's coat of arms from the destroyed barriers

Divessen Chapel

Also called Grymmolt Chapel after Bishop John VIII Grimholt . Like the Marientiden Chapel, placed outside the choir. Today the installation site for the sarcophagi from the Berkenthin Chapel and the heraldic cartouche of the Plessen Chapel.

  • View into the Divessen Chapel

von Thienen Chapel

Radiant choir chapel on the south side, acquired in 1720 by the canon and later cathedral dean Hans von Thienen (1686–1742). The wall that separated it from the ambulatory was destroyed along with the portal and a black marble plaque with an inscription during the air raid on Lübeck in 1942. The four sandstone sarcophagi of Hans von Thienen, his mother Apollonia Augusta, b. von Thienen from the house of Kühren († 1720), his wife Agathe, b. von Qualen (1695–1768), a daughter of Hans von Qualen († 1713) zu Östergaard and the yew tree Margarethe Ratlov and widow of Hans Heinrich von Brömsen (1677–1717), and her son Otto Hinrich von Brömbsen, who was sent to the 1776 The consequences of a duel with his nephew Friedrich August von Brömbsen (1741–1797) who died have been preserved.

Saint Roch Chapel (†)

Large extension on the south side of the choir, also the Wullenpund Chapel or Apostle Chapel , renovated in 1517. The chapel was one of the areas that was particularly badly damaged in 1942 and was not rebuilt. Parts of its vaulting can still be seen on the exterior. In 1976/77 the south entrance hall with functional rooms was built in this area.

  • Commemorative inscription for the renovation of the Rochus Chapel in 1517

  • Rochus Chapel (right) shortly after 1942

  • Outside view of the former monastery and the south transept gable with the Rochus Chapel (east) on an early photograph by Joseph Wilhelm Pero (before 1847)

  • External view of the gable of the south transept and the south vestibule, in between the two vaults of the former St. Rochus Chapel (2012)

von Plessen Chapel (†)

In 1737, the later cathedral provost Jacob Levin von Plessen acquired a room (actually a narrow corridor with barrel vaults) in the south of the choir near the Rochus Chapel and had it converted into a burial chapel for himself and his family. He had the room, closed by an iron lattice door, decorated with a Rococo cartouche with his coat of arms. The coat of arms is placed on the star of the Order of St. Anne and surrounded by its motto Amantibus iustitiam pietatem fidem . Like the Rochus Chapel, this room was not included in the reconstruction after the Second World War. However, the cartouche and Plessen's sandstone sarcophagus were recovered and placed together with the Berkentin's coffins in the Divessen chapel.

  • The heraldic cartouche was originally located above the entrance to the Plessen Chapel

from Berkentin Chapel (†)

The burial chapel of the von Berkentin family was located under the north tower . Christian August von Berkentin and his daughter Louise von Plessen , among others , were buried here. Since the destruction caused by the air raid on Lübeck in World War II, her sandstone sarcophagi have been together with the rest of her family in the south-easternmost ambulatory chapel of the cathedral. Under the Norderturm there is now an exhibition with pictures and explanations about the reconstruction of the cathedral after the Second World War.

  • View into the northern tower chapel

  • Sarcophagi of the von Berkentin family, now in the choir

from Wedderkop Chapel in the Süderturm (†)

The chapel was located under the south tower on its south wall. The site was acquired by Gottfried von Wedderkop in 1725 and designed as a burial chapel for the first time. It was closed off by a simple wall divided by pilasters and a cornice. A black Mamrotfel with an inscription was set over the middle entrance door. The wife of Gottfried von Wedderkop, who died on July 3, 1724 in Paris, Friederica Amalia von Wedderkop, née von Königstein, a daughter of the cathedral provost Johann Ludwig von Pincier , Freiherr von Königstein, Gottfried von Wedderkop himself († 1741) , rested in sandstone sarcophagi in the chapel ) as well as the couple's two children, the cavalry master and canon Magnus von Wedderkop († 1741) and the Uetersen monastery, Margaretha Elisabeth von Wedderkop († 1774). The architecture of the chapel was completely destroyed in 1942; however, the sarcophagi have been preserved and are now placed in the choir in the dean's chapel.

  • View of the southern tower chapel today

  • Sarcophagus with the Wedderkop coat of arms, probably Gottfried von Wedderkop, in the dean's chapel

from Lente Chapel

Grave of Johann Hugo von Lente . Chapel inside and portal by Thomas Quellinus ; Portal with Latin inscription

  • Lente chapel

from Gusmann Chapel

Named in the Middle Ages after the Lübeck canon Johann Hake (canon 1306–1330) and sold in 1704 to the Swedish land rent master in the Duchy of Verden, Johan Dargeman, who was ennobled as Johann von Manderstiern (1659–1739). 1735 Sale to Ernst Friedrich von Gusmann, son of the Mecklenburg Council and Syndic of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck Johann Georg Gutzmer, who was ennobled under Gusmann . Heir to Wichmannsdorf . Latin portal inscription

  • Gusmann Chapel

  • Coat of arms above the portal

from Wedderkop Chapel

Called the Lower Morum Chapel in the Middle Ages . In 1657 Heinrich von Rohden was named as the owner, who sold the chapel to Magnus von Wedderkop in 1697 . Today's design was initiated by his son Friedrich Christian von Wedderkop in 1748. Latin portal inscription

  • Wedderkop Chapel

von Bassewitz Chapel

The chapel of the canon Johann von Morum († approx. 1333–35) was first mentioned in a document at the beginning of the 14th century . The side chapel, initially named after the upper Morum chapel, later passed to the Lübeck mayor Hieronymus Lüneburg and, in the course of an inheritance dispute, to the heirs of councilor Hermann von Dorne in 1657 . The von Dorne family sold the chapel in 1713 to Melchior von Korff , who ceded the ground floor part of the chapel to his father-in-law Thomas Balthasar von Jessen and only reserved the right to use the crypt below. In 1787, both parts of the chapel were acquired by the Danish privy councilor and dean of the cathedral chapter, Count Joachim Otto Adolph von Bassewitz, who gave the same name. In the chapel there are three sandstone sarcophagi and two memorial plaques made of black marble by the sculptor Hassenberg. Latin portal inscription.

  • Fresco with image of Mary and coat of arms of the von Morum family

  • Bassewitz Chapel

Warendorp Chapel

This chapel was probably built for the mayor of Lübeck, Bruno Warendorp, who died in 1341, and his wife, who were buried here. The chapel was named in 1356 after his son, the councilor Gottschalk Warendorp . She was the original site of the oldest surviving today Luebeck altarpiece, the Warendorp altar with carvings by an unknown artist from the period of 1340 and paintings from the period around 1400. He was part of a Vikarie from the estate of Lübeck Canon John of Warendorp is is now on loan from the parish of the cathedral in the collection of medieval retables in the St. Anne's Museum .

  • Warendorp Chapel

from Brömbsen Chapel

Before 1230, initially in a different form, the chapel was built, named after the knight Friedrich Dumme as the Dumme chapel . 1496 also known as the episcopal chapel . 1664 Purchase by the Lübeck councilor Gotthard von Brömbsen (1607–1673), master of Krummesse, Kronsforde and Niemark. Design of the barrier from 1674. In the chapel is the erected grave slab of Heinrich Brömse, a lawyer buried in the cathedral, an early member of the von Brömbsen / Brömse family.

  • Brömbsen Chapel

literature

  • Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns : The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Verlag von Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920, pp. 9–304. Unchanged reprint 2001, ISBN 3-89557-167-9
  • Antje Grewolls: The chapels of the north German churches in the Middle Ages: architecture and function. Ludwig, Kiel 1999, ISBN 3-9805480-3-1 , p.
  • Klaus Krüger: Corpus of medieval grave monuments in Lübeck, Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg 1100-1600 , Jan Thorbeke Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-7995-5940-X

Web links

Commons : Chapels in Lübeck Cathedral  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Grewolls (Lit.), p. 173
  2. ↑ BuK, p. 68 ff.
  3. ↑ BuK, p. 67 ff.
  4. ↑ BuK, p 67
  5. ↑ BuK, p. 66 ff.
  6. ↑ BuK, p 63
  7. ↑ See also: Ernst Deecke : Der Münch Hohlbeen (Lübsche Sage) at Wikisource .
  8. ↑ BuKD III, pp. 65f
  9. ↑ BuK, p. 61 ff.
  10. ↑ BuK, p 62
  11. ↑ BuK, p. 59 ff.
  12. ↑ a b BuK, p. 57
  13. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 74
  14. ↑ a. A. BuK: east
  15. ↑ BuK, p 87 ff.
  16. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 75
  17. ↑ Information  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at baufachinformation.de@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / 129.233.52.74  
  18. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 78 ff.
  19. ^ Friedrich Techen : The tombstones of the cathedral in Lübeck. In: Zeitschrift des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde 7 (1898) digitized version, pp. 52–107, here p. 84 no. 192
  20. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 184.
  21. ↑ See the picture in Buk, p. 91
  22. ↑ Johannes Baltzer and Friedrich Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Bernhard Nöhring's publishing house: Lübeck 1920. Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9 , p. 94
  23. ^ Marcus Jochim Carl Klug : The duel between the two Liibeck cathedral capitulars Otto Heinrich and Friedrich August v. Brömbsen in 1776 , HG Rahtgens, Lübeck 1858
  24. ↑ Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Verlag von Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920, pp. 9–304 Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9 , p. 99
  25. ↑ On the burial place and those buried here see Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns: Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler der Freie und Hansestadt Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Verlag von Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920, pp. 9–304 Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9 , pp. 96f
  26. ↑ BuK, p 98
  27. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, p. 98 ff., ISBN 3-7950-0475-6
  28. ↑ BuK, p. 77 ff.
  29. ↑ Manor in Wichmannsdorf today
  30. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 97
  31. ↑ BuK, p. 74 ff.
  32. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 95
  33. ↑ BuK, p. 72 ff.
  34. ^ Inscription with translation by Adolf Clasen : Misunderstood treasures: Lübeck's Latin inscriptions in the original and in German . Lübeck 2003, ISBN 3-7950-0475-6 , p. 93
  35. ↑ BuK, p. 71ff.
  36. ↑ Fehling: Council line No. 773
  37. ↑ BuK, p. 69 ff.