Christian August of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prince-Bishop Christian August
Portal grave chapel in Lübeck Cathedral

Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf (born January 11, 1673 ; † April 24, 1726 ) was the Protestant prince-bishop of the Lübeck bishopric .

Life

Christian August was the younger son of Duke Christian Albrecht of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf and his wife Friederike Amalie of Denmark , daughter of King Friedrich III. from Denmark .

Since his older brother to the father as Duke Frederick IV. Of Holstein-Gottorf followed, Christian August was due to the peculiarity of since the Peace of Westphalia existing Sekundogenitur of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf Bishop of Lübeck with residence in Eutin Castle . After the death of his predecessor, Prince-Bishop August Friedrich von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , there was a military dispute over the successor, because as early as 1700, as a result of the Peace of Traventhal, a double election had been held in the cathedral chapter . The dispute culminated at Christmas 1705 with a siege and occupation of Eutin Castle by the Danes. The Danish General Hartwig von Passow was fatally injured. The coadjutor of the Danish party, Prince Carl of Denmark (born October 26, 1680, † August 8, 1729), a younger brother of the Danish King Frederick IV , became through diplomatic intervention by the English Queen Anne and the States General and after a pension was guaranteed to give up his claim, so that Christian August could succeed him. In January 1707 Christian August had his son Karl August , who was just a few weeks old , elected as coadjutor , but only after the Altranstadt Convention had been concluded he was enfeoffed by the emperor with the Lübeck monastery in 1709 .

With the death of his older brother in 1702, Christian August also took over the administration of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , since his son Karl Friedrich was only two years old. His mother and personal guardian Hedwig Sophia stayed with her son with her brother Karl XII. in Sweden. She died in 1708 and left Christian August the sole reign. He had no influence over his ministers. In 1709 Georg Heinrich von Görtz succeeded in ousting the most powerful men to date, Magnus von Wedderkop and Johann Ludwig von Pincier . There was nepotism and corruption among the officials. When Denmark re-entered the Great Northern War against Sweden in 1709 , it initially declared the duchy to be neutral, but in 1712 allowed Swedish troops to spend the winter in the Tönning fortress . In 1713 the Danish King Friedrich IV had the ducal shares in the Duchy of Schleswig and Eutin occupied. Christian August fled to Hamburg and looked in vain for support abroad. Only when Karl Friedrich came of age in 1716 did he get his prince-bishopric back, but had to pledge the offices of Oldenburg and Cismar to his nephew.

From 1717 he had his residence in Eutin redesigned into a baroque royal court by the builder Rudolph Matthias Dallin . After the dukes lost Gottorf Castle , he also commissioned Dallin to expand the Kiel Castle into the new seat of the duke.

progeny

Albertine Friederike

Christian August married Albertine Friederike von Baden-Durlach (1682–1755), daughter of Margrave Friedrich Magnus . The eldest son, Prince Karl of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , was the first to succeed his father in the office of Prince-Bishop of Lübeck; he did not experience his own assumption of office in Lübeck and Eutin, however, as he died very young on May 31, 1726 in St. Petersburg. He was buried with his parents in the new prince-bishop's grave chapel of Lübeck Cathedral , which was only completed in 1747 . The next eldest son from this marriage, Prince Adolf Friedrich , was initially also Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, became Crown Prince of Sweden in 1743 and King of Sweden in 1751. This was followed by his brother Friedrich August as Prince-Bishop of Lübeck .

literature

Web links

Commons : Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eduard Vehse: History of the small German courts since the Reformation. Part 14: The spiritual courts , Volume 4, Hamburg: Hoffmann & Campe 1860, p. 85
  2. ↑ CR Rasmussen, E. Imberger, D. Lohmeier, I. Mommsen: The princes of the country - dukes and counts of Schleswig-Holstein and Lauenburg . Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2008., p. 195.
  3. ↑ CR Rasmussen, E. Imberger, D. Lohmeier, I. Mommsen: The princes of the country - dukes and counts of Schleswig-Holstein and Lauenburg . Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2008., p. 171.
predecessor Office successor
August Friedrich of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf Bishop of Lübeck
1705–1726 		Karl August of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf
personal data
SURNAME Christian August of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Christian August von Holstein-Gottorp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Protestant prince-bishop of the Lübeck bishopric
DATE OF BIRTH January 11, 1673
DATE OF DEATH April 24, 1726