Lübeck Cathedral Chapter 1705

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The list of canons of the Lübeck cathedral chapter 1705.

Cathedral Chapter 1705

The cathedral chapter basically consisted of 30 canons , most of whom had been Lutheran since the Reformation. However, due to the normal year rule, up to four Catholics were admitted who were designated as Catholici . According to Eduard Vehse, the canons divided into ten Panistae , three Integrati , six Semi-Integrati and seven Canonici in herbis as well as four Distincti , which went through the aforementioned division. The Panistae received the highest endowed benefices, while those newly admitted entered the lowest rank as Canonici in herbis , candidates. In order to have the chance to rise far enough, most of the members were accepted at the earliest possible date at the age of seven. In later years Recorded thereby acted as a placeholder to the appropriate time for younger family members to resign . Almost only nobles were accepted. The distinctions were determined by the prince-bishop. The canons received a seat and vote in the chapter when they reached the canonical age of 25 years.

The choice of Dompropsten occurred since the comparison between the city and the cathedral chapter in 1595 in exchange by the Lübeck Council and the Cathedral Chapter. Since May 4, 1701 Johann Ludwig von Pincier provost and Dietrich Wilhelm von Witzendorff were dean of the chapter.

The two Livonisten- prebends at the Lübeck cathedral chapter were named after its founder, the Domdekan John Livo († 1292) and entitled only to income but not to sit and vote in the chapter.

In 1647 the cathedral chapter had undertaken to elect a member of the house of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf as bishop six times in a row . The prince-bishopric had become a de facto secondary school for the Gottorf family. On the other hand, the efforts of the Danish royal family, which sought to make a Danish prince coadjutor , were directed. In the Glückstadt recess of 1667 between Duke Christian Albrecht and King Christian V , Christian Albrecht made the concession that a member of the royal family could also become a coadjutor after six princely persons or generations had passed . The inserted word generations , which does not appear in the Treaty of 1647, has subsequently given rise to major disputes. However, the cathedral chapter was not a contractual partner and initially refused.

In the chapter, however, two factions or parties emerged, one Danish and one Gottorfische. When asked about a coadjutor with the right to succeed Prince Bishop August Friedrich , both Prince Christian August von Gottorf and King Christian V's son Carl (born October 26, 1680 - † August 8, 1729), a younger brother of Danish King Frederick IV made claims; the emperor recommended Prince Carl to the chapter and granted him the right of age. The Gottorf side sent the then chamberlain Georg Heinrich von Görtz to Vienna; he obtained an order from the Reichshofrat on July 28, 1700, which approved the resolutions of the cathedral chapter and confirmed that the coadjutorate should be left with Gottorf. The Gottorf House made use of this decree only after the Peace of Traventhal ; in its article 8 it was stipulated “that the King of Denmark, because of the treaty of 1647, would leave it at the Glückstadt Recess of 1667 and not act against it in any way.” It was not from six people, but only from six generations Speech.

Coat of arms of Prince-Bishop August Friedrich in Lübeck Cathedral (around 1705)

When the mainstay of the Danish party, the cathedral dean Joachim von Rantzau, died on February 11, 1701 , Dietrich Wilhelm von Witzendorff was elected dean, and Privy Councilor Pincier von Königstein was elected provost of the cathedral from among the chapter . On May 12, 1701 they went to the coadjutor election and elected the Gottorf Prince Christian August. The Danish party did not appear; the following day they met specially and in turn elected Prince Charles of Denmark as coadjutor. This party included the two barons von Kielmannsegge, von Rheder, Johann von Wickede, Christian August Rantzau, Gottschalck Kirchring, Hinrich Fock, Franz Joachim Rantzau, Kasper von Elmendorf and Fr. von der Lippe.

The chapter considered this segregation of some members unlawful and suspended them from their preambles . Both parties made their complaints; the imperial court now seemed less favorable to the Gottorf family, but Görtz once again knew how to obtain an advantageous decision from the imperial secret council on June 3, 1702. On the Danish side, this was rejected because only the Reichshofrat could see the matter. The matter was still undecided when Bishop Friedrich August suddenly died in Eutin on October 2, 1705.

There were now two coadjutors who both claimed the right of succession, which led to a military conflict and, at Christmas 1705, to the siege and occupation of Eutin Castle by the Danes. The commander of the Danish troops, General Hartwig von Passow , lost his life while taking the castle. However, through diplomatic intervention by Queen Anne of England and the States General and after the assurance of a pension, Prince Carl was forced to give up his claim, so that Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf, a candidate for the Gothenburg party, allied with Sweden , could succeed. The question of bishops was finally settled after the conclusion of the Altranstädter Convention , when Christian August was enfeoffed with the Lübeck Monastery by the Emperor in 1709 .

Panistae

  1. Johann Ludwig von Pincier , episcopal praisee, since September 2, 1698 (provost since 1701)
  2. Dietrich Wilhelm von Witzendorff , since June 23, 1670 (dean since 1701)
  3. Friedrich Christian Kielman von Kielmansegg , since February 21, 1652, 1705 senior of the chapter (Danish party)
  4. Johann Adolph von Kielmansegg (1642–1711) , since August 20, 1655 (Danish party)
  5. Anton Hinrich Meyer (1647–1707), since February 23, 1656
  6. Kaspar Andreas von Elmendorff , since May 4, 1668, Catholic Canon (Danish party)
  7. Reimar Peter von Rheder , episcopal praisee, since May 30, 1668 (Danish party)
  8. Johann von Wickede (1664–1732) , since April 15, 1674 (Danish party)
  9. Gottschalk von Wickede (1668–1724), since July 18, 1674
  10. Christian August von Rantzau (1670–1738), episcopal praisee, since September 1, 1677 (Danish party)
  11. Hermann Hinrich von Bornefeld (1672–1736), since October 28, 1678
  12. Gottschalk Kirchring (Canon) (1672–1719), since February 8, 1681 (Danish party)
  13. Hinrich Fock (1673–1730), since March 26, 1681 (Danish party), Structuarius

  • Friedrich Christian Kielman of Kielmansegg (1665)

Canonici integrati

  1. Joachim Christian Pincier (1671–1708), since October 14, 1682
  2. Christian August von Berkentin (1666–1734), episcopal honors, since August 21, 1684
  3. Magnus von Wedderkop (jurist, 1637) (1637–1721), Holsteiner distinctive praisee, since September 17, 1686
  4. Franz Joachim von Rantzau (1675–1732), since December 10, 1686 (Danish party)

  • Magnus von Wedderkop

Canonici semi-integrati

  1. Adolf Franz Friedrich von der Lippe (1672–1752), since March 31, 1688, Catholic Canon (Danish party)
  2. Hans von Thienen (1686–1742), since May 2, 1692, later (1733) Dean
  3. Christian zu Rantzau (1683–1729), since June 29, 1692
  4. Otto von Reventlow (1683–1755), since June 15, 1695
  5. Carl of Denmark (1680–1729), since October 28, 1699
  6. Christian Voskamp (1686–1732), since August 3, 1700

  • Adolf Franz Friedrich von der Lippe

  • Prince Carl of Denmark

Canonici in herbis

  1. Claus von Reventlow (1693–1758), since March 5, 1701
  2. Detlev Christian von Brockdorff († 1711), since March 21, 1701
  3. Johann Hinrich Dammers († 1742), since April 25, 1701, Catholic Canon
  4. Gottfried von Wedderkop (1690–1741), since October 12, 1701
  5. Friedrich Christian von Wedderkop (1697–1756), since November 25, 1702
  6. Ignatius Joseph von Lützow (1695–1745), since January 4, 1704, adH Goldenbow , Catholic Canon
  7. Friedrich Pincier von Königstein (1698–1732), since October 24, 1704

  • Claus Graf Reventlow

Livonist praise

(without seat and vote in the chapter)

  • Christian August Rantzau, since 1701 (see above)

See also

literature

  • Eduard Vehse : History of the German Courts since the Reformation , Volume 48, Section 6, The Small German Courts , Part 14, The Spiritual Courts 4. Part Bischofshöfe , Hoffmann & Campe, Hamburg 1860 ( digitized version ) for the composition of the Chapter Stand 1794
  • Wolfgang Prange : Directory of the canons. In: Ders .: Bishop and cathedral chapter of Lübeck: Hochstift, principality and part of the country 1160-1937. Lübeck: Schmidt-Römhild 2014 ISBN 978-3-7950-5215-7

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The cathedral provosts elected by the Lübeck council did not belong to the cathedral chapter. During these terms of office, the cathedral dean also represented the chapter externally.
  2. ^ Wolfgang Prange : Directory of the Canon. In: Ders .: Bishop and cathedral chapter of Lübeck: Hochstift, principality and part of the country 1160-1937. Lübeck: Schmidt-Römhild 2014 ISBN 978-3-7950-5215-7 , p. 426 No. 448
  3. ^ Volquart Pauls, Olaf Klose: History of Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 5, Neumünster: Wacholtz 1955, p. 212
  4. ↑ Peter von Kobbe : Schleswig-Holstein history from the death of Duke Christian Albrecht to the death of King Christian VII (1694 to 1808). Altona: Hammerich 1834, p. 42
  5. ^ Eduard Vehse: History of the small German courts since the Reformation. Part 14: The spiritual courts , Volume 4, Hamburg: Hoffmann & Campe 1860, p. 85
  6. ↑ CR Rasmussen, E. Imberger, D. Lohmeier, I. Mommsen: The princes of the country - dukes and counts of Schleswig-Holstein and Lauenburg . Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2008., p. 195.