Brömbsen

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Family coat of arms of the Brömbsen
Coat of arms of the von Brömbsen family from 1532

Brömbsen , originally from Netze , then Bromes , Brömse , Brömbse , from the 18th century by Brömbsen , is the name of an initially Lüneburg , then Lübeck patrician dynasty that received an imperial nobility letter in 1532 and one branch of which was raised to baron in 1688 .

history

According to a family tree first established by the family in the 16th century, which was published by Johann Heinrich Büttner in his Genealogiae in 1704 , the progenitor of the family is a Bernhard von der Netze , who is proven to be a citizen in Lüneburg in 1289 and as a councilor in 1308; he died before 1312. The original name of the family is probably derived from the Lüneburg village of Netze , now Neetze . His son was Nikolaus von der Netze, 1314 citizen of Lüneburg. His son Heinrich von der Netze is said to have adopted the name Bromes or Brömse as a named name for himself and his descendants after his marriage in 1342 ; later it became the only family name. His wife was Margarete (née) Brömse, who came from the Estorff family. Her father Dietrich von Estorff called Bromes , also Grundling , is recorded in Lüneburg between 1286 and 1338. A son of Margarethe Brömse and her husband Heinrich von der Netze called Brömse, was Dietrich von der Netze called Brömse († 1371). In 1349 (this one?) Dietrich Bromes and Johannes von der Netze jointly acquire a house from the knight Hermann von Meding, which was located in Lüneburg on the sea . Dietrich's son of the same name was Lüneburg's Sülfmeister and councilor. In 1375 he was put on record with the loan that the city of Lüneburg made in exchange for the pledging of its salt tariff to Lübeck and Hamburg merchants.

Grave slab Nicolaus Brömse († 1443) in St. Katharinen, Lübeck

At the beginning of the 15th century, members of the family from Lüneburg moved to Lübeck. Your first representative in Lübeck is Nicolaus Bromese, who appears in 1409 as a respected merchant and already a citizen of Lübeck in the bankruptcy of the mint master Peter Huke as one of the guarantors. He made it a member of the respected circle society and was a co-founder of the Schwartau Altar of the Brotherhood. He left the city during the urban riots in 1411, but returned soon afterwards. He died on June 27, 1443 and was buried in St. Katharinen .

In 1440, Nicolaus and his brother Dietrich († 1459; both first names and Heinrich are repeatedly given in the family), who had stayed in Lüneburg, made a settlement about their inheritance of ownership rights to the salt pans in Lüneburg. With Nicolau's childless death, the family in Lübeck initially stopped again. But soon a new family member came to Lübeck from Lüneburg. Heinrich Brömse , Dietrich's son, was the nephew of Nicolaus Brömse; he became the progenitor of the Lübeck line. Councilor since 1477, ten years later he became mayor . He worked as a merchant in the Baltic Sea trade and was a member of the Riga driver company . In 1488 he donated the family chapel in the Jakobikirche , which remained in the family until the 19th century. He and his family are depicted on the wings of the chapel's altarpiece, the Brömsen Altar .

  • Brömsen Altar

  • Heinrich Brömse and his sons

  • Elisabeth Brömse and her daughters

Heinrich Brömse was married to Elisabeth Westfal, the daughter of a councilor. The couple had nine children, including three sons: Dietrich, born in 1470, as well as Nikolaus (year of birth unknown) and Heinrich, born in 1476. The first two were included in the council, Dietrich in 1506, Nicolaus in 1514. Dietrich died two Years after his election at the age of 38. Through the inheritance of his wife Margaretha Bere, the daughter of councilor Johann Bere, Klein Steinrade came into the family's possession. Nikolaus Brömse became the most important representative of the conservative Council Party in the turmoil of the Reformation and the opponent of Jürgen Wullenwever . In 1531 he placed himself under imperial protection and obtained a letter of nobility from Emperor Charles V for himself and his family. The third brother, Heinrich, studied law at the University of Bologna , where he was elected one of the two procurators of the German nation in 1502, and made it up to the position of an imperial council. Heinrich Brömse died in 1543. The eldest daughter Adelheid (Taleke), born in 1471, entered the St. John's Monastery before 1496 ; abbess since 1517 , she succeeded in averting its abolition, citing the imperial immediacy of the monastery during the Reformation; she died in 1538.

The year before his death, Dietrich, who died early, had a son who was also given the name Heinrich. He married Magdalena Lüneburg, the daughter of councilor Johann Lüneburg . Their son was again called Dietrich ; he became a councilor in 1570 and mayor in 1583 and died in 1600 by suicide.

His two sons, Heinrich (1569-1632) and Dietrich (1579-1638) also became councilors in Lübeck. Dietrich represented the city in 1635 on a diplomatic mission in London .

Of Heinrich's sons, Heinrich became landlord on the farm (later Marli), but died in 1645 and received an epitaph with a coat of arms and family tree in the family chapel of the Jakobikirche; Dietrich (1613–1671) left Lübeck with his family and bought the Burggrub estate from Friedrich von Laffert in the Amt of Streitberg in Franconia , which was then part of the Margraviate of Bayreuth . In April 1667 he was accepted into the Frankish imperial knighthood. He died in Schweinfurt as an imperial councilor. His son Nikolaus Dietrich, who had been a canon in Lübeck since 1676, was raised to baron by the patent of Emperor Leopold II in 1688 . However, he died childless in Frankfurt am Main in the same year.

In 1776 a duel between two Lübeck canons from the Brömbsen family caused a stir . The chamberlain Friedrich August von Brömbsen shot his uncle, the Holstein-Gottorfischen grand princely Russian secret cabinet secretary Otto Heinrich von Brömbsen (1717–1776) on January 31, 1776 in a wooded area near Herrnburg (today part of Lüdersdorf ) in the abdomen, and he died from the wound the following day. Because of the question of jurisdiction, there was a dispute between the city and the cathedral chapter before the Imperial Court . By order of the emperor, the Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was supposed to investigate, since Herrnburg was on the territory of the Principality of Ratzeburg .

  • Brömsehaus in Lüneburg, built 1406–1426

  • Epitaph for Nikolaus von Brömbsen († 1600) in St. Johannis (Lüneburg)

  • Epitaph for Heinrich von Brömbsen († 1645) in St. Jakobi, Lübeck

  • Brömbsen Chapel in Lübeck Cathedral

Possessions

coat of arms

Brömbsen coat of arms on the imperial confirmation of nobility in 1641

The family coat of arms is emblazoned as follows : "Divided by green, gold and red. On the pot helmet with red-gold and green-gold covers on the right, two buffalo horns, the right divided red-gold-green, the left labeled as the shield." (In part, both buffalo horns were tinged like the shield.)

Under Emperor Charles V, the family received a "coat of arms improvement" in 1532: the family coat of arms was covered with a black double-headed eagle, reinforced with gold and tongued with red. On top of the helmet was the crown of the helmet and behind the buffalo horns a black eagle flight .

Important representatives

Lübeck Council Line and relatives

Portrait of a daughter of Dieterich Brömsen at the age of 34, by Michael Conrad Hirt ( Dayton Art Institute )

The Lübeck branch of the family provided councilors and mayors in the Hanseatic city for over 300 years.

  • Dietrich Brömse († 1400), councilor in Lüneburg
    • Nicolaus Brömse († 1442), merchant and citizen in Lübeck
    • Dietrich Brömse (1399–1459), councilor in Lüneburg
      • Heinrich Brömse (1440–1502), Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
        • Adelheid Brömse (1471–1538), Abbess of St. John's Monastery in Lübeck
        • Dietrich Brömse (1470–1508) , councilor in Lübeck
          • Heinrich Brömse (politician, 1507) (1507–1563), councilor in Lübeck
            • Dietrich von Broemse (1540–1600) on Stockelsdorf and Klein-Steinrade, Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
              • Heinrich Brömse (politician, 1569) (1569–1632) in Stockelsdorf and (from 1618) Krummesse, councilor in Lübeck
                • Heinrich von Brömbsen († 1645)
                • Dietrich Brömse (1602–1644) on Stockelsdorf, Groß-Steinrade Roggenhorst and Schönböcken, councilor in Lübeck
                  • Heinrich von Brömbsen (1627–1679) on Stockelsdorf, Groß-Steinrade and Roggenhorst
                  • Johannes (Hans) von Brömbsen (1629–1677) on Gereby
                    • Hans Heinrich von Brömsen (1677–1717) on Gereby
                  • Dietrich von Brömbsen (1639–1695) on Horst
                • Gotthard von Brömbsen (1607–1673) at Krummesse, Kronsforde and Niemark, councilor in Lübeck
                  • Heinrich von Brömbsen († 1695) at Krummesse, Kronsforde and Niemark
                    • Heinrich von Brömbsen (1673–1732) at Krummesse, Kronsforde and Niemark, through his wife's inheritance from 1715 also at Niendorf and Reecke, mayor of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck
                      • Andreas Albrecht von Brömbsen (1703–1757) at Krummesse, Kronsforde and Niemark, Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
                      • Heinrich von Brömbsen († 1759) on Niendorf and Reecke
                      • Christian von Brömbsen († 1759) on Nütschau
                        • Christian von Brömbsen (1742–1808), Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck, the last representative of the Lübeck line
                • Andreas Albrecht von Brömbsen († 1685) on Niendorf and Reecke, councilor in Lübeck
                  • Andreas Albrecht von Brömbsen (1652–1715) on Niendorf and Reecke
                  • Dietrich von Brömbsen (1653–1716), councilor in Lübeck
                  • Heinrich Nicolas von Brömbsen (1655–1707) on Bliestorf
              • Dietrich Brömse (1579–1638) on Klein-Steinrade, councilor in Lübeck
                • Joachim Brömse (1611–1674)
                • Diedrich von Brömbsen (1613–1671) on Klein-Steinrade and (from 1666) Burggrub, councilor in Lübeck
            • Heinrich Brömse (1541–1572), was murdered on St. Bartholomew's Night in Paris
            • Nikolaus Brömse (1545–1600)
        • Heinrich Brömse (lawyer) (1476–1542), lawyer and imperial councilor
        • Nikolaus Brömse († 1543), Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck

Canons of Lübeck

The family was also represented by canons in the Lübeck cathedral chapter for centuries :

  • Johann von Brömbsen resigned as canon in 1579; he died in 1595
  • Nikolaus Dietrich (Claus Diederich) von Brömbsen († 1688) was canon since May 7, 1667
  • Johannes (Hans) von Brömbsen (* 1716 in Gereby) became canon on October 23, 1722 and died on July 9, 1764 as senior of the chapter. In 1743 he joined the Hamburg Freemason Lodge Absalon to the three nettles and in 1745 was one of the founders of the first Lübeck Lodge St. Barbara , which was soon closed. His grave is in the Mul Chapel in Lübeck Cathedral.
  • his brother Otto Hinrich von Brömbsen (born November 19, 1717) was canon since April 10, 1744 and passed away on February 1, 1776 following a duel. His sandstone sarcophagus was in the Thienenschen grave chapel, the south-facing choir chapel of Lübeck Cathedral.
  • Friedrich August von Brömbsen (* 1741) was the nephew of the previous one and, as a duel opponent, was the cause of the fatal injuries of his uncle. He was canon from May 14, 1755, became a senior member of the cathedral chapter and died on April 27, 1797. During his studies in Göttingen, in 1766 he was a member of the Amicist order . From 1791 he belonged to the Lübeck Lodge Zum Fruchthorn (later Zum Füllhorn ).

Further

literature

  • Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Verlag von Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920. Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9 (Contains the older Brömbsen family history with references on pages 356–360.)
  • Georg Wilhelm Dittmer : Genealogical and biographical news about Lückeckische families from older times , Lübeck 1859, p. 15ff. (Digitized version)
  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling : Lübeck Council Line. Lübeck 1925
  • Wilhelm Stieda : The Brömse family and the end of the mayor Dietrich Brömse. In: Communications of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity 6 (1894), pp. 145–150 ( digitized version )
  • Hildegard Thierfelder : Brömses in Lübeck and Lüneburg , in: ZVLGA 51, 1971, p. 93ff.
  • Hans-Cord Sarnighausen: The Lüneburg Sülfmeister and Lübeck Hanse Mayor Brömse. In: Archive for Family History Research, issue 3/2002, pp. 187–199.
  • Hans-Jürgen von Witzendorff : Family tables of the Lüneburg patrician families. 1952, pp. 19-20

Web links

Commons : Brömbsen family  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The Brömsen (Lübische Sage)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johan Henricus Büttner: Genealogiae or stem and gender register of the noblest Lüneburg noble patrician families. Lüneburg: GF Schultze 1704
  2. ↑ The localities in Lüneburg, Oedeme, Repenstede, Netze, Dalenburg, Hitzacker, Lüneburg and others, have given the name to so many aristocratic families that appear in the documents that will soon be attached here and that are now partly extinct from the castles on which the knights settled, but mostly from their feudal villages. WFCL von Meding, Johann Friedrich Pfeffinger: History of the old noble family of the von Meding in the Fürstenthurm Lüneburg. Part I, Leipzig: Denecke 1866, p. 27
  3. ↑ It does not fit that on the family epitaphs from 1600 and 1645 the name of Heinrich's wife is given as Katharina von der Möllen .
  4. ↑ WFCL von Meding, Johann Friedrich Pfeffinger: history of domestic in Prince tower Lüneburg altadelichen sex of the von Meding. Part I, Leipzig: Denecke 1866, p. 301
  5. ↑ Description of the preserved tombstone by Klaus Krüger: Corpus of the medieval grave monuments in Lübeck, Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg 1100-1600. Jan Thorbeke Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, p. 820f (LÜKA24)
  6. ↑ Reinhard Karrenbrock: Crucifixion retable of the Brömse family in: Jan Friedrich Richter (Ed.): Lübeck 1500 - Art Metropolis in the Baltic Sea Region , catalog, Imhoff, Petersberg 2015, pp. 261–265 (No. 33)
  7. ↑ Fehling: Lübeckische Ratslinie , No. 651
  8. ↑ Fehling: Lübeckische Ratslinie, No. 731
  9. ↑ Fehling: Lübeckische Ratslinie, No. 755
  10. ↑ Marcus Jochim Carl Klug later wrote a treatise on the case: The duel between the two Liibeck cathedral capitulars Otto Heinrich and Friedrich August v. Brömbsen in 1776. Lübeck: HG Rahtgens 1858
  11. ↑ GND = 124542425
  12. ^ Antjekathrin Graßmann: Lübeckische Geschichte 4., verb. and additional ed., Lübeck: Schmidt-Römhild 2008 ISBN 978-3-7950-1280-9 , p. 514
  13. ^ Friedrich Techen : The tombstones of the cathedral in Lübeck. In: Zeitschrift des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde 7 (1898) digitized version, pp. 52–107, here p. 84 no. 192
  14. ↑ GND = 141738901
  15. ↑ Johannes Baltzer and Friedrich Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Bernhard Nöhring's publishing house: Lübeck 1920. Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9 , p. 94
  16. ↑ GND = 120710315
  17. ^ Walter Richter: On the early history of the Amicist order . In: then and now. Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research 22 (1977), p. 19 ff. (P. 36)
  18. ↑ Cf. A few words of heartfelt emotion spoken to his brothers at St. Johannis zum Fruchthorn after his admission by Br. B. Lübeck, February 8, 1791. Lübeck: Römhild 1791 as well as his attempts at prosaic and poetic essays: biography of the author along with his defense in the unfortunate duel case drafted by D. Sievers; reproduced manuscript dedicated to brothers only. [Lübeck] 1795