Schwartau Altar
The Schwartauer Altar or Circle Brothers Altar is a winged altar from the 15th century, which is located in the St. Annen Museum in Lübeck .
The altar was owned by the City of Bad Schwartau from 1926 to 1937 , which is why it is referred to as the Schwartau Altar in art historical literature.
The altar consists of a relief cut from a Westphalian sandstone block and decorated in color, 127 cm high, 176.5 cm wide and 30 cm deep with a frame and altar wings made of painted oak wood, each 88 cm wide.
The altar is of art historical importance as only three other similar altars have survived. You are in the Ratzeburg Cathedral , Schwerin Cathedral and Anklam .
history
The origin goes back to the circle brother society . This has maintained a richly furnished chapel in the Katharinenkirche in Lübeck since 1379 .
The central part made of sandstone is dated to before 1408, the altar wings were built around 1430. These come from various unknown artists.
According to the coats of arms attached, the altar was donated to the chapel by the Meteler, von Wickede , Brömse and von Rentelen families in 1430 .
At an unknown point in time, probably at the beginning of the 17th century, the altar, which no longer corresponded to the fashion of the time and was therefore given to another church or chapel, ended up in the Georgskapelle of the Schwartau infirmary , where it was first mentioned in 1821.
In 1844 the altar was moved from the St. George's Chapel , which was not used for church services, to the administrative building of the Schwartau Office , from where it returned to the chapel in 1901.
In 1926, the Schwartau Altar was first loaned to the St. Annen Museum in Lübeck for ten years . It was not returned after ten years; the altar became the property of the St. Annen Museum on April 1, 1937.
presentation
Middle part:
The sequence of images shows part of the Passion of Christ and the Resurrection of Christ
- On the left is the Christ carrying the cross.
- In the middle, the hill Golgotha is shown with Christ on the cross and angels catching the blood of Christ.
- The burial of Christ is shown at the bottom right, above the resurrection of Christ.
Altar wing
The depiction on the wings shows a cycle of Mary:
- left altar wing:
- Above left: Annunciation
- Above right: The Visitation of the Virgin Mary
- Bottom left: Birth of Christ
- Bottom right: Adoration by the Magi
- right wing of the altar
- Above left: The (newborn) Jesus with Mary in the temple ( Presentation of the Lord )
- Above right: Jesus as a 12-year-old child in the temple with the scribes ( Luke 2.48 f. EU )
- Bottom left: Mary's death
- Bottom right: Exaltation and coronation of Mary (in heaven)
Artist
In art history, the painted crucifixion relief of the middle part is assigned to an artist who was previously known as the master of the painted crucifixion reliefs and who is said to have made the three other similar crucifixion reliefs in Ratzeburg, Schwerin and Anklam.
literature
- Max Steen : Bad Schwartau - Past and present . Lübeck 1973
- Hans Kieckbusch: The Schwartauer Altar In: Yearbook for local history . Eutin 1978, pp. 24-30
- Brigitte Heise, Hildegard Vogeler : The altars of the St. Annen Museum. 2nd edition, Lübeck 2008, ISBN 978-3-937900-05-6 , pp. 136-141
- Uwe Albrecht (Ed.): Corpus of medieval wood sculpture and panel painting in Schleswig-Holstein , Volume 1: Hanseatic City of Lübeck, St. Annen Museum . Ludwig, Kiel 2005, ISBN 3-933598-75-3 , pp. 123-129
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Anni Pescatore : The master of the painted crucifixion reliefs. A contribution to the history of Low German sculpture in the fifteenth century . Strasbourg 1918
- ↑ Circle brothers altar . In: Museumsverband Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg e. V .: Museums Schleswig-Holstein & Hamburg (online property search , 1926-312 ) (accessed September 2014)