Landdrostei Hildesheim

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Landdrostei Hildesheim
Seat Hildesheim
Inventory period 1823-1885
surface 5118.85 km² (1880)
Residents 432,694 (1880)
Population density 84 inhabitants / km² (1880)
Unofficial cities 10 (1885)
Offices 20 (1885)
Location of the Landdrostei Hildesheim
Seal mark Royal Prussian Landdrostei Hildesheim

The Landdrostei Hildesheim was an intermediate authority of the Kingdom of Hanover and the Prussian Province of Hanover in the 19th century . In the middle of the 19th century, it was the kingdom's largest rural rusty in terms of population. The core territory of the Landdrostei consisted of two spatially separate areas until the incorporation of the Clausthal Mining Authority in 1868. The spatial separation of the two areas was caused by the fact that the intermediate Duchy of Braunschweig had remained independent. In addition, the county of Hohnstein was an exclave of the Landdrostei.

history

In 1816, central authorities were formed to administer the Kingdom of Hanover, which were initially called the Provincial Government and, from 1823, Landdrostei . The Landdrostei Hildesheim was made up of four historical territories, the Principality of Hildesheim , the Principality of Göttingen , the Principality of Grubenhagen (excluding the Upper Harz) and the County of Hohnstein . In 1842 the Landdrostei handed over the Elbingerode office to the Clausthal Mining Authority.

After the Kingdom of Hanover became the Prussian Province of Hanover in 1867 , the Landdrostei Hildesheim initially remained. In 1868 the two offices of Clausthal and Elbingerode were added to the dissolved Clausthal Mining Authority. In 1885 the Hildesheim administrative district was formed from the Hildesheim district in accordance with the Prussian administrative structure. At the same time, the old Hanoverian offices were replaced by Prussian districts .

Landdroste

The Landdrost was the highest official of the Landdrostei . His office was comparable to that of a district president.

  1. 1824–1832: Georg Ludwig Nieper
  2. 1832–1840: Justus von Schmidt-Phiseldeck (1769–1851)
  3. 1848–1850: Georg Theodor Meyer
  4. 1851–1862: Carl von Bar
  5. 1862–1866: Georg Karl Ludwig Wermuth
  6. 1867–1868: Hugo von Bülow
  7. 1868–1875: Otto von Westarp (1825–1878)
  8. 1870 -9999: Otto Rochlitz (* 1827)
  9. 1875–1882: Adolf von Pilgrim (1821–1909)
  10. 1882–1885: Hugo Schultz

Other:

  • The Landdrost and Konsistorialrat Ernst Cammann (1818–1875) headed the elementary school system in the Landdrosteien Hanover, Hildesheim and Lüneburg

Administrative division (1814–1852)

Until the beginning of the 1850s, the Landdrostei Hildesheim was divided into cities, spots , offices, monastery offices and patrimonial courts .

Administrative division (1852–1885)

After a comprehensive administrative and judicial reform at the beginning of the 1850s, there were a total of eleven independent towns and 37 offices in the Landdrostei Hildesheim in 1852. In 1885 there were still ten independent cities and twenty offices.

Principality of Hildesheim

The independent cities of Alfeld , Goslar , Hildesheim and Peine existed in the area of ​​the old Principality of Hildesheim in 1852 . In addition, there had been fifteen offices since 1852, the number of which had decreased to eight by 1885:

Alfeld office

The Alfeld office included Brüggen , Everode , Freden , Hoyershausen , Sibbesse and Westfeld . In 1859, the previously free city of Alfeld and the communities of the dissolved Lamspringe office were added. At the same time, the communities of Brüggen, Sibbesse and Petze changed to the Gronau office. In 1885 the Alfeld office was opened in the new Alfeld district .

Office Bockenem

The office of Bockenem essentially comprised the area of ​​today's city of Bockenem . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office of Wohldenberg were incorporated into the office of Bockenem, which became part of the new Marienburg district in 1885 .

Office Elze

The district of Elze essentially included the area of ​​today's municipalities of Elze and Nordstemmen . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Gronau office.

Office Gronau

The Gronau office, called Gronau-Poppenburg until 1852 , included Banteln , Barfelde , Betheln , Eberholzen , Eitzum , Nienstedt and Rheden . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office of Elze and the municipalities of Brüggen , Sibbesse and Petze of the office of Alfeld were added. In 1885 the Gronau office was opened in the new Gronau district .

Hildesheim Office

The Hildesheim office included the current Hildesheim districts of Bavenstedt , Drispenstedt , Sorsum and Himmelsthür as well as the area of ​​today's communities Harsum and Giesen . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved Office Ruthe came to the Office Hildesheim, from which the Hildesheim district was finally formed in 1885 .

Hohenhameln Office

The Hohenhameln office included the area of ​​today's Hohenhameln municipality and some parts of the city of Peine . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Peine office.

Lamspringe Office

The Lamspringe office in 1852 included the area of Lamspringe as well as Winzenburg , Adenstedt and Rhüden . The predecessor of the office was the Bilderlahe office with almost the same area. In 1859 the Lamspringe office was dissolved and incorporated into the Alfeld office.

Liebenburg Office

The Liebenburg office largely corresponded to the area of ​​today's Liebenburg municipality . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved Salzgitter office also came to Liebenburg. In 1885 the Liebenburg office opened in the new Goslar district .

Marienburg Office

The Marienburg office included today's Hildesheim districts of Achtum-Uppen , Einum , Marienburg , Ochtersum , Neuhof and Marienrode as well as most of today's communities of Diekholzen and Schellerten . In 1859 most of the parishes of the disbanded Steinbrück Office came to the Marienburg Office, from which the Marienburg district was finally formed in 1885 .

Office Peine

For Office Peine included the area of today's community Ilsede and some neighborhoods of the present city Peine . The city of Peine itself was free of office. In 1859, the municipalities of the dissolved office of Hohenhameln as well as Groß Lafferde , Klein Lafferde and Lengede from the office of Steinbrück were added. The enlarged Peine office was added to the new Peine district in 1885 .

Office Ruthe

The Ruthe office , named after the village of Ruthe , extended in the Sarstedt - Lühnde - Algermissen area . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Hildesheim office.

Salzgitter Office

The southern districts of today's city of Salzgitter as well as Haverlah and Flöthe belonged to the office of Salzgitter . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Liebenburg office.

Steinbrück Office

The Steinbrück office , named after the village of Steinbrück , essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipalities of Lengede and Söhlde . In 1859 the office was dissolved and divided between the offices of Marienburg and Peine.

Wöltingerode office

The Wöltingerode office , named after the Wöltingerode monastery , included Vienenburg , Ohrum , Dorstadt , Heiningen , Schladen and Gielde . In 1885 the Wöltingerode office opened in the new Goslar district .

Wohldenberg Office

The office of Wohldenberg , named after Wohldenberg Castle , included Baddeckestedt , Heere , Sehlde , Elbe and Holle . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Bockenem office.

Principality of Göttingen

The independent cities of Göttingen , Moringen , Münden and Northeim existed in the area of ​​the old Principality of Göttingen in 1852 . There were also thirteen offices since 1852, the number of which decreased to five by 1885:

Office Adelebsen

The Office Adelebsen comprised mainly the area now marks Adelebsen . In 1859 the office was dissolved and almost completely incorporated into the office of Uslar.

Office of Bovenden

The Bovenden office essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipality of Bovenden . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Göttingen office.

Office Dransfeld

The Dransfeld office essentially comprised the area of ​​today's Dransfeld municipality . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Münden office.

Amt Echte / Amt Westerhof

The Amt Echte , also called Amt Westerhof , essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipality of Kalefeld . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Osterode office.

Erichsburg office

The Erichsburg office , named after the Dassel Erichsburg , essentially comprised the area of ​​today's city of Dassel . Until 1852 the office was called Erichsburg-Hunnesrück . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Einbeck office.

Friedland Office

The Friedland (Hanover) office essentially comprised the area of ​​today's communities Friedland and Rosdorf . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Reinhausen office.

Goettingen Office

The Göttingen office encompassed the immediate vicinity of the city of Göttingen, which is not an office . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved Bovenden office and most of the Radolfshausen office were incorporated into the Göttingen office; also the municipality of Gladebeck from the Moringen office and the municipalities of Esebeck and Emmenhausen from the Adelebsen office . In 1885 the Göttingen office was opened in the new Göttingen district .

Moringen Office

The Moringen Office, called Moringen-Hardegsen Office until 1852 , encompassed the area surrounding the city of Moringen, which is not an office, and the area of ​​today's Hardegsen municipality . In 1859 the office was dissolved and almost completely incorporated into the Northeim office.

Office Münden

The Münden office essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipalities of Hann. Münden and Staufenberg . The then city of Münden was free of office. In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office of Dransfeld were incorporated into the office of Münden. In 1885 the Münden office was added to the new Münden district .

Office of Nörten

The office of Nörten essentially comprised the area of ​​today's spots Nörten-Hardenberg . The office was dissolved in 1859 and incorporated into the Northeim office.

Northeim Office

The Northeim office comprised the area around the city of Northeim, which was not an office . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved offices Moringen and Nörten were added. In 1885, the expanded Northeim office finally became part of the new Northeim district .

Reinhausen Office

The Reinhausen office essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipality of Gleichen . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office Friedland and Etzenborn from the office Duderstadt and Sattenhausen from the office Radolfshausen were added. In 1885 most of the office came to the district of Göttingen ; only Meensen and Ellerode fell to the district of Münden .

Uslar Office

The office Uslar essentially comprised the area of ​​the present-day communities Uslar , Bodenfelde and Lauenförde . Until 1852 the western part of the office formed its own office with the name Amt Nienover-Lauenförde . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office of Adelebsen were added. In 1885 the Uslar District was formed from the enlarged Uslar Office .

Principality of Grubenhagen

In the area of ​​the old Principality of Grubenhagen, the independent towns of Duderstadt , Einbeck and Osterode am Harz existed in 1852 . In addition, there had been eight offices since 1852, the number of which had decreased to six by 1885:

Office Duderstadt

For Office Duderstadt belonged to the surrounding area of Duderstadt . The city of Duderstadt itself was free of office. The office was dissolved in 1859 and almost completely incorporated into the office of Gieboldehausen; only Etzenborn came to the Reinhausen office.

Office Einbeck

The Einbeck office included the immediate vicinity of Einbeck . The city of Einbeck itself was free of office. In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved Erichsburg office were incorporated into the Einbeck office. In 1885 the enlarged office of Einbeck finally merged into the new district of Einbeck .

Office Elbingerode

The Elbingerode office belonged to the Clausthal Mining Authority from 1842 to 1868. Since 1868 it belonged again to the Landdrostei Hildesheim. The office included the communities Elbingerode (Harz) , Königshof , Rothehütte and Elend . In 1885 the Elbingerode office opened in the new Ilfeld district .

Office Gieboldehausen

The Gieboldehausen office included Gieboldehausen , Rhumspringe , Rüdershausen , Rollshausen , Seeburg and Krebeck . In 1859 most of the Duderstadt office and part of the Lindau office were added. In 1885, the Gieboldehausen office finally became part of the new Duderstadt district .

Office Herzberg

The office of Herzberg (Harz) extended over what is now the area of ​​the municipalities of Herzberg am Harz , Hörden am Harz , Elbingerode near Herzberg and Hattorf am Harz . In 1859 the municipalities of the dissolved office of Scharzfels were incorporated into the office.

Office Lindau

The Lindau Office, known as the Catlenburg-Lindau Office until 1852 , essentially comprised the area of ​​today's municipalities of Katlenburg-Lindau and Wulften am Harz . In 1859 the office was dissolved and divided between the offices of Gieboldehausen and Osterode.

Osterode Office

The Osterode office included the area around the then non-governmental city of Osterode am Harz . In 1859 the municipalities of the Westerhof office and part of the Lindau office were added. In 1885 the Osterode office was largely absorbed into the new Osterode district ; only Berka , Duhm , Gillersheim , Suterode and Wachenhausen fell to the Northeim district .

Radolfshausen Office

The Radolfshausen office , named after the Radolfshausen domain , included Waake , Ebergötzen and Landolfshausen . In 1859 the office was dissolved. Almost all of his communities came to the Göttingen office; only Sattenhausen came to the Reinhausen office.

Office Scharzfels

The office of Scharzfels , named after Scharzfels Castle , essentially comprised the area of ​​today's Bad Lauterberg municipality . In 1859 the office was dissolved and incorporated into the Herzberg office.

Zellerfeld office

The Zellerfeld office originally belonged to the Clausthal Mining Authority and only became part of the Landdrostei Hildesheim after its dissolution in 1868. The Zellerfeld district included the seven mining towns of Altenau , Clausthal , Grund , Lautenthal , St. Andreasberg , Wildemann and Zellerfeld . In 1885 the Zellerfeld district was formed from the Zellerfeld office .

County and Office Hohnstein

The county of Hohnstein formed an exclave of the Landdrostei Hildesheim within the province of Saxony . In their area there was an office of the same name, which included the spots of Ilfeld and Neustadt / Harz as well as the communities Buchholz , Harzungen , Leimbach , Niedersachswerfen , Petersdorf , Steigerthal , Sülzhayn , Urbach and Krimderode . In 1885 the office of Hohnstein was opened in the larger Ilfeld district .

Individual evidence

  1. 1880 census.
  2. Speeches: The Kingdom of Hanover, 1839, pp. 1–2 .
  3. Jansen, Curt Heinrich Conrad Friedrich: Statistical Manual of the Kingdom of Hanover, 1824, p. 4 .
  4. ^ District regulations for the province of Hanover (1884) .
  5. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Ernst-Cammann-Straße , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover. Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 73
  6. Jansen, Curt Heinrich Conrad Friedrich: Statistical Manual of the Kingdom of Hanover, 1824, p. 7 .
  7. Statistical Handbook for the Kingdom of Hanover 1848
  8. ^ Ordinance on the reallocation of offices in 1852 .
  9. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of administrative offices in 1859
  10. ^ District regulation for the province of Hanover (1884)

Web links

Commons : Landdrostei Hildesheim  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files