Lower Saxony
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Lower Saxony
Harztor rural community
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| Height : | 213 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 11.79 km² | |
| Residents : | 3257 (Dec. 31, 2010) | |
| Population density : | 276 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2012 | |
| Postal code : | 99768 | |
| Primaries : | 036331, 03631 | |
Location of Niedersachswerfen in Thuringia |
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 View of Niedersachswerfen from Kohnstein with Ilfeld in the background
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Niedersachswerfen ( dialect Sachswerfen ) is a district of the Harztor rural community in the Nordhausen district in the Free State of Thuringia .
Geographical location
Niedersachswerfen is located in the south of the Harztorer municipality between Nordhausen in the south and Ilfeld in the north, northwest of Rüdigsdorf Switzerland , part of the gypsum karst landscape of the southern Harz . The Zorge and the Bere river flow through Niedersachswerfen .
history
According to local tradition, the place name Sachswerfen marks the southern border of the area, which was conquered by the Saxons after the victory over the Kingdom of Thuringia in 531 . The heights around Niedersachswerfen - the Kohnstein and Mühlberg - were welcomed as settlement sites in early historical times due to their natural features and were secured by the construction of fortifications.
In the 16th century the place was laid to rubble by an arsonist known as “ Mortbrenner ”, who was burned at the stake in Wernigerode in July 1537 . During the Seven Years' War in 1757, Niedersachswerfen had to supply a French garrison of around 2500 men, which was relocated to the southern Harz - Eichsfeld area after the lost battle near Roßbach .
In the 20th century, a tunnel system was built in the Kohnstein southwest of Niedersachswerfen , which was initially used as a fuel storage facility for the Wehrmacht . During the construction of the fuel store, between 300 and 700 people from different countries had to do forced labor under the leadership of Wifo and Leunawerke ( Merseburg ammonia works ) . In 1943 the fuel store was converted by concentration camp prisoners into the Mittelwerk armaments production facility ( V2 / A4 rocket ), for which purpose a concentration camp was set up on the south side of the Kohnstein . In the village of Niedersachswerfen itself, women and men from Poland had to do forced labor in the Probst plaster works and on construction sites on the Mühlberg.
On January 1, 2012, Niedersachswerfen merged with the neighboring town of Ilfeld to form the Harztor rural community .
Population development
Development of the population (as of 2011) :
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Culture and sights
Wallburg Kohnstein (removed)
People have settled in the valley of the Zorge since the Neolithic and used the Kohnstein with its steep slopes as a naturally protected place. In the Hallstatt period , construction of a hill fort began on the plateau , but the facility was destroyed by fire before it was completed. Because the Kohnstein geologically consists of anhydrite and this rock has a high value for the construction and primary industries, the mining of the rock on the northeast side of the mountain began centuries ago. In the meantime, the open-cast mine has completely removed the area of the former Wallburg.
Facius trench
A further, resulting in fragments Wallenburg is referred to as Faciusgraben. It is located on the Mühlberg north of the Kohnstein. The name is said to refer to a Roman general who is buried there.
Giant head
The giant head in Niedersachswerfen ( 51 ° 32 ′ 52 ″ N , 10 ° 46 ′ 4,9 ″ E ) is a protected ground monument. It is an oval, 26 × 38 meters in extent and up to four meters high, artificially piled earth mound. Even in the late Middle Ages it served as a court. Originally there was supposed to have been a stone defense tower on the hill, so this structure corresponds to the castle type of a high moth .
Memorials
- In front of the anhydrite plant , a memorial stone commemorates the communist functionary and resistance fighter Albert Kuntz , who was murdered in 1945 in the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp . The Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp memorial is located on the former camp site itself .
- Since 1984, a stele on Thälmannplatz has been commemorating the concentration camp prisoners who were driven through the village during a death march of the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp in spring 1945.
Sports
In 2011, SV Hannovera Niedersachswerfen could look back on 100 years of football history. Founded on June 14, 1911, the club started playing on a sports field "Am Zoll" that same year. Later, after the First World War, from around 1922 onwards, games were played on the self-created sports field "Am Hegerasen".
After the Second World War, company sports associations were created in parallel with the formation of state-owned companies. The VEB Leuna Werke were now responsible for the association. SV Hannovera became "BSG Chemie Niedersachswerfen" and played on a new sports field "Am Kupferhammer". They played under the name "BSG Chemie Niedersachswerfen" until 1990. Since the reunification of Germany, the club has played again under the name of its foundation.
In 2016, the men's team won the district cup after a 2-0 victory in the final against FSV 06 Holzthaleben.
politics
Municipal council
Since the last local election on May 26, 2019, the local council has been composed as follows:
badges and flags
On February 27, 1997, the then municipality of Lower Saxony was granted permission to carry a coat of arms and a flag. The coat of arms was designed by Frank Jung .
- Description of coat of arms
- "In gold a green Dreiberg, on it a green linden tree, on the right side by a green, six-spoke wheel, on the left by a green mill wheel, the Dreiberg is covered with a golden ploughshare standing on its tip."
- Flag description
- "The flag of Lower Saxony is split green and yellow and bears the municipal coat of arms."
traffic
Niedersachswerfen is located on federal highway 4 and has two stations - one on the southern Harz line (Niedersachswerfen) and one on the Harzquerbahn (Niedersachswerfen Ost) . The Harzquerbahn is operated by the Harz Narrow Gauge Railways. The travel time to Nordhausen with the HSB trains is 18 minutes (2003) . There are also two (demand) stops along the HSB route : Niedersachswerfen Herkulesmarkt and Niedersachswerfen Ilfelder Straße . There is a daily steam train (10:25 am) to the Brocken. The journey time to Nordhausen with Deutsche Bahn is only 6 minutes (2006) . Regional trains to Ellrich , Northeim and Göttingen run every hour .
Personalities
- Lorenz Rhodomann (1546–1606), educator, Lutheran theologian, historian and philologist
- Johann Andreas Schmalbauch (1851–1904), entrepreneur and 1898 founder of the JA Schmalbauch company
- Otto Gerlach (1866–1914), country doctor
- Elisabeth Frerichs (1883–1967), politician
- Kurt Tilsner (1909–1989), painter
- Martin Döring (* 1924), lawyer and administrative officer
- Richard Exner (1929–2008), German-American literary scholar, poet and translator
- Udo Preuße (* 1945), football player
- Tim Peter (* 1997), volleyball player
religion
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Johannis-Pauli belongs to the southern Harz parish.
In 1946 the Catholic parish vicarie of Lower Saxony was founded because the place belonging to the Hildesheim diocese was cut off from the Hildesheim diocese by the establishment of the zone boundary . In 1952, the property of a sawmill was purchased and a chapel was initially set up in the house. The church of St. Johannes Nepomuk was set up in the barracks of the sawmill and consecrated on May 29, 1975, the chapel in the house was converted into a group room. During the GDR , the church was subordinate to the Apostolic Administrator of Erfurt and Meiningen, today it belongs to the parish of Nordhausen and the diocese of Erfurt .
Others
Centuries ago, neck names and nicknames that characterize peculiarities emerged as evidence of coarse folk humor . Accordingly, the place was also called "Arreehausen" - an allusion to the French period in 1757, when the French guards refused access to the village for months with their command "Arrez!" (Stop! - Stand still!).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Hilmar Römer: Niedersachswerfen - attempt at a name interpretation . In: Meyenburg-Museum (Hrsg.): Contributions to local history from the city and district of Nordhausen . Issue 11. Nordhausen 1986, p. 40-42 .
- ↑ a b c Hilmar Römer: Ground monuments in and Lower Saxony . In: Meyenburg-Museum (Hrsg.): Contributions to local history from the city and district of Nordhausen . Issue 12. Nordhausen 1987, p. 32 .
- ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 98, 161 .
- ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (ed.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945, series: Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser Volume 8 Thüringen, Erfurt 2003, p. 191 f., ISBN 3-88864-343-0
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 1st to December 31st, 2012
- ↑ FSV 06 Holzthaleben - SV Hann.Niedersachswerfen Result: District Cup - Men - 01.05.2016. In: www.fussball.de. Retrieved July 19, 2016 .
- ↑ Local election results 2019 p. 6
- ↑ Reinhard Glaß, Ellrich: Evangelical-Lutheran St. Johannis-Pauli Church in Lower Saxony - an Internet presence about the history and architecture of the building. Ev.-luth. St. Johannis-Pauli Church in Lower Saxony, private homepage. Retrieved July 29, 2019 .