Net hangover

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Net hangover
Harztor rural community
Coordinates: 51 ° 36 ′ 13 ″  N , 10 ° 47 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 309 m above sea level NN
Postal code : 99768
Area code : 036331
View of Netzkater from the Dreitälerblick
View of Netzkater from the Dreitälerblick

Netzkater is a former villa village belonging to the Harztor rural community , Ilfeld district . Netzkater became known through a restaurant with a hotel that was demolished in 2011.

location

The place is at 309  m above sea level. NN in the valley of the Bere , between the foot of the 516.2 m high Sandlünz and the eastern foot of the Netzberg at the confluence of the federal highway 81 into the federal highway 4 . and the even closer Düringsklippe.

The Brandesbach flows into the Bere about 140 meters north-northeast of the Netzkater stop . The Schuppenbach flows a little north past Netzkater and splits 130 meters from the rest stop into two arms. The left flows into the Bere at a height of 307.1 m. The estuary is only 120 meters in a west-southwest direction from the breakpoint and 270 m southeast of the rest area. 310 meters southwest of it, the second branch also flows into the Bere, 350 m from the rest area and 430 m from the breakpoint.

An apparently nameless stream, which rises from two arms of the spring at the foot of the Netzberg, flows to the federal highway 4, follows it to Netzkater, flows through the place and after 1.1 km of the stream (measured from the source of the longest arm of the spring) flows about 80 meters from Netzkater removed into the right estuary of the Schuppenbach.

history

Netzkater on a postcard from 1897

The beginnings of the place go back to the Ilfeld Premonstratensian monks, who set up a fish pond here at the beginning of the 13th century in the domain of the Counts of Hohnstein. The monks dried their fishing nets on the neighboring net meadows. The Ilfeld Abbey School was founded in the buildings of the abandoned monastery in 1546 . Today a hiking trail leads from Netzkater to the former monastery school used as a hospital (Neanderklinik Harzwald).

Otherwise very little is known about the history of the place. From 1737 hard coal was mined in the nearby Rabensteiner adit , which is unusual for the Harz region , which is characterized by ore mining . The supplies and quality of the coal were only low, so that the mining operation primarily served the domestic needs of the local population. In the same year, at the instigation of Count Christian Ernst zu Stolberg-Wernigerode, the forester's house "Christianenhaus", named after him, was built near the village . After several redesigns and a conversion to a holiday camp in the 1970s, it became an excursion restaurant.

At the confluence of today's B4 with the B81, a Hanoverian Chausseehaus was built, where tolls for road use had to be paid, as Ilfeld was then part of the Kingdom of Hanover .

Eight years after the Kingdom of Hanover fell to the Kingdom of Prussia in the German War in 1866 , the Chausseegeldhaus, for which the terms “Capture” or “Ilfelder Thal” had become natural, became superfluous. The Hohnstein zu Ilfeld office had previously, in coordination with the Landdrostei Hildesheim, granted Beurmann, the taker of road money, the license he had requested to run a bar in the "revenue" section, which was renamed "Netzkatzer" after the mid-1880s change of ownership “Was chosen. Within a few years, the former "capture" developed into the most popular excursion destination around Ilfeld. The licensing of the restaurant rights took place in 1883. The hotel that made the place known received an extension built by the architect Becker from Nordhausen in 1897/98 as a restoration and lodging house "Netzkater" , then owned by Emil Liesegang (1858–1929). He had bought the restaurant , which was then still being taken , in 1893 and expanded it into a hotel. The restaurant was mentioned in writing as early as 1873 - the students from the Ilfeld monastery school celebrated a happy get-together here last year . A major fire in the hotel is reported from January 27, 1919, which was then renovated and continued to operate. Since the fall of the Wall , the hotel stood empty and fell into disrepair.

Netzkater stop of the Harzquerbahn

Already in 1897 there was a viaduct of the Harzquerbahn near the village . This reached Netzkater on February 7, 1898. The restaurant Zur Harzquerbahn has been located in the station building for several years . The extension from Netzkater to Benneckenstein was inaugurated on September 15, 1898. Grenade bombardment from April 13, 1945 onwards caused damage to the railway systems and buildings at the station.

Quarries were set up at Netzkater between 1930 and 1940 . Documented is a satellite camp of the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp founded in March 1945 with 21 prisoners. It was probably an outside work detail in the quarries - the Netzkater Quarry Command . The prisoners in the quarry were originally provided directly by the Mittelbau concentration camp, but came from the Harzungen satellite camp in 1944 . The director of Mittelwerk GmbH , Albin Sawatzki , lived in Netzkater in the 1940s. Sawatzki held consultations in the hotel with the general manager of Mittelwerk GmbH Georg Johannes Rickhey , partly with the participation of Wernher von Braun . When Ilfeld was put into defense readiness on April 8, 1945, Lieutenant Colonel Grosskreuz moved his command post to the Netzkater Hotel and used the cellar as a first aid station. The hotel owner had to move into the Hufhaus with his family . Before the arrival of the American troops who looted the hotel, the cannon set up in front of the hotel was blown up, causing considerable damage to the building.

The Restaurations & Logirhaus was run by the Liesegang family (most recently Christel, Renate, Walter and Therese Liesegang) as the Netzkater Hotel and finally as the Netzkater excursion restaurant . Postcards from the 1890s to the 1980s show the location and the restaurant, the appearance of which has changed little over the years and which have repeatedly been used by various publishers in the German Empire , the Weimar Republic , the Third Reich and the GDR served as a motif.

Netzkater rest area

The Pension Zur Eiche was located on the B4 towards Rothesütte from 1910 to at least 1933 at the latest . The house still exists today. A petrol station was built opposite the hotel. Today the Netzkater rest area is located here .

Demolition of the House (2011)

The Netzkater restaurant and hotel remained popular with hikers and families throughout the GDR era. At the end of the GDR it was run as the vacation home of VEB Leuna-Werke Walter Ulbricht . A stuffed wildcat was shown in a glass box - the last wildcat hunted in the Harz Mountains , allegedly caught in a net. In 1989 the Liesegang family gave up for reasons of age and health. The hotel was about to be sold. Shortly after the closure, the wild cat on display was stolen in a break-in. However, the sale did not take place for a long time and the license to operate the restaurant expired due to the non-management. A new permit failed because Netzkater was in a water protection area and the water and wastewater supply would have had to be completely rebuilt - the closest connection was at Goose's Beak . Nevertheless, a buyer was found in 1999. Shortly after the purchase, the new owner offered a finder's fee on the stolen wild cat. The buyer was initially denied the commercial redesign of the house, which was necessary due to the long vacancy and the resulting deterioration. Since the renovation was no longer possible after the lifting of the water protection in 2006, a new construction plan provides for the new building as a large restaurant with beer garden , open-air stage and petting zoo . The demolition of the traditional house was completed in 2011.

Origin of name

A folk etymology derivation of the name was made from the allegedly lying to the power meadows simple houses, so-called skating . The name Netzkater was apparently only introduced by the new owner Emil Liesegang in the mid-1880s after the wild cat was caught and exhibited in the restaurant. Geographical names with the root word Netz- existed in the area of ​​Netzkater since the 13th century, when the fish pond was created here by the monks and the Netzberg got its name.

Trivia

The net meadows at Netzkater are a natural protection against flooding in the area. They protect the place from flooding and in November 2010 also offered some cows an escape route from the flood.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Manfred Bornemann: Secret Project Mittelbau . from the central oil depot of the German Reich to the largest rocket factory in World War II. 2., completely reworked. and exp. Edition. Bernard and Graefe, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-7637-5927-1 , p. 238 ( excerpt from google books [accessed on November 26, 2011]).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Heidrun Fischer: "Netzkater": Demolition in progress. Allgemeiner Anzeiger Werbe- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, September 21, 2011, accessed on November 26, 2011 .
  3. ↑ a b official topographic map of Thuringia, DTK25-V combination in color
  4. ↑ a b Saxony-Anhalt-Viewer: official topographical map of Saxony-Anhalt (TK 1:10 000 color)
  5. ↑ a b c d Heidrun Fischer: Not the hangover in the net ... Allgemeiner Anzeiger Werbe- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, September 21, 2011, accessed on November 26, 2011 .
  6. ↑ Dr. Bouterwek (Ed.): Michael Neander's report from the Ilfeld Monastery. A contribution to the history of the 16th century. Ilfeld: School program 1872/73 ( digitized ; PDF; 6.1 MB)
  7. ↑ To the net hangover. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 26, 2007 ; Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Rabensteiner Stollen >> History. Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  9. ↑ a b Christianenhaus story. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 27, 2013 ; Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  10. ↑ a b harz-ausflug.de Christianenhaus. Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  11. ^ Heinrich Pröhle : The resin. Practical guide for travelers. Berlin 1890, p. 144.
  12. ↑ a b German Reichspost. Postcard Greetings from the Netzkater , used in 1897.
  13. ^ Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoß:  Liesegang, Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 538-540 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b c d Rambow Generalogy - From Netzkater to Sophienhof. Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  15. ^ Annual report on the Royal Ilfeld Monastery School . Königliches Pädagogium zu Ilfeld (Nordhausen, Thuringia, Germany), Ilfeld 1873 ( excerpt from google books [accessed on November 27, 2011]).
  16. ^ A b Manfred Bornemann, Hans Dorner (ed.): Harzquerbahn and Brockenbahn . History. 75 years of Harzquerbahn and Brockenbahn. Greinert, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 1975, DNB  760111502 , p. 208 (collected and published on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Deutsche Bahn).
  17. ^ A b Erhard Pachaly, Kurt Pelny: Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp . on the anti-fascist resistance struggle in the Dora concentration camp from 1943 to 1945 (=  history series ). Dietz, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-320-01488-9 , pp. 268 ( excerpt from google books [accessed on November 26, 2011]).
  18. ↑ a b Jens-Christian Wagner: Production of death . the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. Ed .: Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation. Wallstein, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-89244-439-0 , p. 688 ( excerpt from google books [accessed November 26, 2011]).
  19. ↑ a b Postcard Ilfeld Harz, Hotel Netzkater , around 1910.
  20. ↑ Hans glasses. Postcard Hotel Netzkater i. Ilfelder Tal (Harz), around 1915.
  21. ↑ Hofkunstanstalt Löffler & Co. Postcard Ilfeld Valley with Netzkater (Harz) , around 1929.
  22. ↑ KunstAnstalt Rosenblatt. Postcard greetings from the Netzkater
  23. ↑ a b Postcard boarding house “Zur Eiche” Bes. Rob. Hickstein, around 1933.
  24. ^ Ilfelder Tal, Südharz Restaurant Netzkater, around 1941.
  25. ^ VEB image and home. Postcard Netzkater / Südharz, Hotel u. Pension , 1958.
  26. ↑ DTVL. Postcard Greetings from the Netzkater , around 1960.
  27. ^ Official Journal of the Nordhausen District Office, 1997.
  28. ↑ Netzkater service area and biker meeting place. Retrieved November 26, 2011 .
  29. ^ Karl Meyer: The Ilfeld Monastery . After d. Certificates d. Klosters (=  history of the castles and monasteries of the Harz . Volume 3 ). B. Franke, Leipzig 1897, p. 108 .
  30. ↑ Kristin Müller: Flood alert level 2 on Ilfelder Bere declared. In: Thuringian General. November 15, 2010, accessed November 27, 2011 .

Web links

Commons : Netzkater  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files