Ellrich
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 35 ' N , 10 ° 40' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Thuringia | |
County : | Nordhausen | |
Height : | 255 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 69.43 km 2 | |
Residents: | 5449 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 78 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 99755 | |
Area code : | 036332 | |
License plate : | NDH | |
Community key : | 16 0 62 005 | |
LOCODE : | DE ELR | |
City administration address : |
Salzstrasse 8 99755 Ellrich |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Henry Pasenow ( CDU ) | |
Location of the town of Ellrich in the Nordhausen district | ||
Ellrich is the northernmost city in the Free State of Thuringia . It is located in the Nordhausen district on the southern edge of the Harz Mountains and has the status of a small town in terms of population .
geography
The town of Ellrich is located on the Zorge River , in the immediate vicinity of the state border with Lower Saxony . The district of Sülzhayn is located about three kilometers northeast of the city center in a wooded area. There are numerous sanatoriums and pensions there, some of which are located in the forest.
City structure
Population of the eight towns on October 31, 2015:
district | Residents |
---|---|
Ellrich | 3,166 |
Sülzhayn | 1.008 |
Woffleben | 459 |
Appenrode | 398 |
Werna | 206 |
Gudersleben | 221 |
Rothesütte | 105 |
Cley sing | ? |
history
In 876 Ellrich was first mentioned in a document as "Alarici". Alariche, 1229 Elreke, 1229 Elrike is explained with the Old Saxon word alira / elira, "alder" and the Middle Low German reke, "row, hedge fence". In 1286 Ellrich received the city charter and in 1332 the right to mint. The names Eller and Ellerich are documented for the middle of the 17th century. A major fire in 1627, in which large parts of the city were destroyed, claimed numerous lives. The fire fell u. a. also the St. John's Church , the town hall and the mint were sacrificed. The mint was not rebuilt. Since 1869 there has been a rail connection to Nordhausen and Northeim.
During the November pogroms of 1938 , the synagogue of the Jewish community in Jüdenstrasse , which had been built in 1730, was burned down, most of the believers were deported and murdered. During the Second World War , there were two satellite camps of the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp in the village: Ellrich-Bürgergarten and Ellrich-Juliushütte . With 8,000 inmates, the latter was the largest subcamp of the concentration camp complex and notorious among inmates for its harsh living conditions. The concentration camp Ellrich citizens garden where about 950 prisoners of the SS Construction Brigade IV to build the helmets Valley Railway were housed, was in September 1944, the counting also the warehouse complex Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp Günzerode as a subcamp assumed.
After the Second World War, Ellrich became known because one of the few railway border crossings between the British and the Soviet occupation zones was located between Ellrich and Walkenried on the southern Harz line, and from 1949 between the FRG and the GDR. This transition lasted until the end of the GDR ; apart from individual special trains to the Leipzig trade fair in the early 1950s, it was used exclusively for freight traffic. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, passenger trains crossed the inner-German border for the first time on November 12, 1989 .
The VEB "ELDAMO" fashion company was located in the village as a manufacturer of wedding dresses and high-quality women's fashion that has won awards at international trade fairs . In a second textile company, as a branch of an Eichsfeld clothing factory, ready-made goods and workwear were manufactured in large series. The plaster deposits in the Ellrich area formed the basis for a range of school chalk, stucco and modeling plaster, as well as plaster bandages made for medical use. There was also a foundry in Ellrich, a factory for the production of chopping knives (used in coffee or meat mills) and a special company known as "Nordbau" for floor coverings in schools and gyms.
Incorporations
On March 30, 1994, Woffleben , Sülzhayn , Rothesütte , Gudersleben and Appenrode were incorporated into Ellrich.
Population development
Development of the population:
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Data source: from 1994 Thuringian State Office for Statistics - values from December 31st
politics
City council
The municipal elections from 1999 to 2019 resulted in the following distribution of seats in the city council:
Parties and constituencies | % 1999 |
Seats 1999 |
% 2004 |
Seats 2004 |
% 2009 |
Seats 2009 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
% 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 29.7 | 6th | 31.9 | 6th | 31.1 | 6th | 30.5 | 6th | 28.0 | 6th |
SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 31.5 | 6th | 27.6 | 6th | 29.6 | 6th | 24.3 | 5 | 22.2 | 4th |
BBE | Citizens' Movement Ellrich | 10.2 | 2 | 6.2 | 1 | 10.5 | 2 | 14.9 | 3 | 16.3 | 3 |
The left | The left | 18.4 | 4th | 24.1 | 5 | 18.2 | 4th | 18.5 | 4th | 12.8 | 3 |
FDP | Free Democratic Party | 8.5 | 2 | 10.2 | 2 | 10.6 | 2 | 11.7 | 2 | 10.9 | 2 |
Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 9.7 | 2 | ||||||||
total | 20th | 20th | 20th | 20th | 20th | ||||||
Voter turnout % | 59.6% | 46.0% | 53.5% | 54.5% | 65.1% |
mayor
Henry Pasenow (CDU) has been mayor since 2018. He prevailed against the incumbent Matthias Ehrhold (SPD), who has been in office since 2006, in the 2018 mayoral election. Its predecessor was Gerald Schröder.
coat of arms
Description : "Red-silver slaughtered shield", which goes back to the coat of arms of the Counts of Hohnstein .
Religions
In Ellrich there is the Protestant St. Johannis Church on the market, the St. Mary's Church on the Frauenberg and the Hospital Church of St. Spiritus on Hospitalstrasse.
1852 was one in Ellrich Roman Catholic mission parish founded, and on June 24, 1893 was carried ordination of after Boniface named church by Bishop Augustine Gockel . Today the St. Bonifatius Church belongs to the cathedral parish of Nordhausen . The New Apostolic Church on Wallstrasse was given up in 2005.
Culture and sights
St. Johannis Church
Local history museum Ellrich
The Ellrich City and Local History Museum is located in the rooms of a former hospital building of the city of Ellrich, Hospitalstraße 40. The permanent exhibition covers the areas of prehistory and early history of the area, nature (animal world and geology) and the development of typical handicrafts of the city (workshop facilities for weavers, Shoemaker, blacksmith and hairdresser). In addition, the Ellrich Museum has a music room with a collection of instruments and the equipment of the former city pharmacy. There are special exhibitions on the city's history.
City fortifications Ellrich
There are extensive remains of the city wall in the street Am Stadttor as well as a gate between Salzmarkt and Wernaer Tor and a tower in Ravenstraße .
Monuments
- A plaque on the cemetery wall has been commemorating the Jewish population of Ellrich since 1988 (replaced in 1994).
- Two memorial stones in the area of the former Ellrich-Juliushütte satellite camp remind of the inmates who died there.
- There is a memorial in each of the ten graves of Soviet forced laborers in the Gudersleben district and in the mountain cemetery in the Sülzhayn district .
- A stele commemorates the victims of the death march on Karl-Marx-Platz in the Woffleben district .
- On June 18, 2015, in the presence of representatives of the city administration and interested citizens in Ellrich, eight stumbling blocks were laid by Gunter Demnig , which are intended to remind of the fate of citizens who had their last voluntarily chosen residence in the respective houses. See also: List of stumbling blocks in Ellrich
Disappeared monuments
- The war memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 stood on the market at St. John's Church . An obelisk rose on a pedestal on a multi-level substructure, which was crowned by an eagle on a ball.
Glassmaker and charcoal burner settlement Rothesütte
The former forest village of Rothesütte was founded in 1679, and since 1944 a forest workers, glassworks and charcoal burner settlement has been located there as a technical monument . To explain these typical regional trades in the Harz, the town of Ellrich prepared the former parsonage and a display area at the cemetery ( location ) .
Kelle Cave natural monument
The area around Ellrich is rich in karst features , including sinkholes and caves. Near the district of Appenrode there is a grotto-like cave, the Kelle ( 51 ° 34 ′ 29 ″ N , 10 ° 43 ′ 1.2 ″ E ), already described in 1589 . Due to continuous weathering in the 19th century, it partially collapsed. The cave, which is still openly accessible, has a hall-like space at the entrance that is up to 25 meters high, 16 meters wide and 20 meters deep. Before the collapse, this hall was 95 meters deep. At the bottom of the cave there is a small cave lake with a maximum depth of five meters. The cave was a well-known sight two hundred years ago and has been a. visited by Gottfried August Bürger , Johann Wilhelm Gleim and Christoph August Tiedge .
traffic
The Ellrich station is on the Northeim (Han) –Nordhausen railway line , during the division of Germany it was used for through trains, with a few exceptions, only for freight traffic. Daily run regional trains of Deutsche Bahn hourly direction Northeim and after Nordhausen .
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Otto Otto von Mauderode (1600–1671), Braunschweig-Lüneburg Privy Councilor and envoy
- Christian Benedikt Michaelis (1680–1764), orientalist and Protestant theologian
- Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm von Wagner (1748–1819), President of the Chamber in Białystok
- August Friedrich Holtzhausen (1768–1827), engineer and manufacturer of steam engines in Gleiwitz / Upper Silesia.
- Georg Friedrich Bischoff (1780–1841), composer
- Wilhelm Wiegand (1851–1915), historian and archivist
- Wilhelm Apel (1905–1969), Hessian politician (SPD) and member of the Hessian state parliament
- Dietrich Haugk (1925–2015), director and voice actor
- Rolf Hoppe (1930–2018), actor
- Klaus-Dieter Baumgarten (1931–2008), Deputy Minister for National Defense in the GDR Council of Ministers and head of the GDR border troops, born in Werna
People related to the city
- Christian Friedrich von Byla (1704–1775), chief forest master and manor owner
- Otto Brinkmann (1910–1985), commandant of the Ellrich-Juliushütte satellite camp belonging to the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp
- Erich Scholz (1911–2000), commandant of the Ellrich-Bürgergarten satellite camp belonging to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp
- Martin Schultze (1835–1899), teacher and linguist, lived in Ellrich from 1894
literature
- Jochen Steinecke: Families in old Ellrich of the 17th century . Magdeburg, 2014
Web links
- Homepage of the city of Ellrich
- Ellrich - A city in the Harz Mountains (Ortschronik)
- Article Ellrich In: GenWiki.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics ( help on this ).
- ↑ https://nordhausen.thueringer-allgemeine.de/web/nordhausen/startseite/detail/-/specific/Pasenow-wird-neuer-Buergermeister-in-Ellrich-829636838
- ↑ Population figures on www.stadtellrich.de ( Memento from November 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://www.rambow.de/ellrich.html
- ↑ http://barsch-ellrich.de/geschichte.htm
- ↑ http://www.karstwanderweg.de/ellrich_.htm
- ↑ Peter Kuhlbrodt: The Synagogue in Ellrich (1730–1938) In: Meyenburg-Museum (editor) Contributions to local history from the city and district of Nordhausen, No. 9, Nordhausen 1984, pp. 72–77.
- ↑ Thüringer Allgemeine: The former Ellrich border station has one more mural , October 1, 2013 , accessed on July 23, 2018
- ^ Rolf Wille: School chalk and model dresses from the southern Harz . Small towns in our district. We introduce: Ellrich. In: The people . Erfurt April 24, 1975.
- ↑ http://www.stadtellrich.de/seite/196753/gemeinderatswahl-2014.html
- ↑ https://wahlen.thueringen.de/datenbank/wahl1/wahl.asp?wahlart=GW&wjahr=2019&habenErg=GEM&wknr=062&gemnr=62005
- ↑ Bonifatius Church in Ellrich was renovated. In: Tag des Herr (newspaper) , issue 50/2016 of December 11, 2016, p. 11.
- ^ "Ellrich" . In: Sparkassen-Kulturstiftung Hessen-Thüringen (Hrsg.): Museums in Thuringia . Frankfurt / Erfurt 1995, p. 218 .
- ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (Ed.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser to places of resistance and persecution 1933–1945, series: Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser Volume 8 Thüringen, Erfurt 2003, ISBN 3- 88864-343-0
- ↑ Wolfgang Landgrebe: "Ellrich" . In: Freizeitführer Thuringia . tape 1 (Central and North region). Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1999, ISBN 3-86134-550-1 , p. 59 .
- ^ "Ellrich" . In: Sparkassen-Kulturstiftung Hessen-Thüringen (Hrsg.): Cultural discoveries. Eichsfeld district, Kyffhäuserkreis, Nordhausen district, Unstrut-Hainich district . tape 1 (Thuringia). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-7954-2249-3 , pp. 69, 191-192 .
- ^ Peter Kuhlbrodt: Trowel - oldest natural monument in the Nordhausen district . In: Meyenburg Museum (ed.): Contributions to local history from the city and district of Nordhausen . Issue 15. Nordhausen 1990, p. 1-8 .
- ^ Arrey von Dommer: Bischoff, Georg Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 673.