Erich Scholz

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Erich Scholz (born May 18, 1911 in Tarnowitz ; † October 2, 2000 in Rimbach (Odenwald) ) was a German architect , author and songwriter . From 1938 to 1945 Scholz was a member of the SS and worked for several years at the SS Main Office for Households and Buildings. In 1942 he was transferred to the defense ministry and in 1945 was commander of belonging to the Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp IV. SS Construction Brigade in the concentration camp Ellrich citizens garden .

Scholz was a member of the German youth movement and is particularly known for his numerous songs. In groups of the youth movement he was and is also known by his journey name Olka .

Life

After high school in Tarnowitz and the Abitur in Katowice , Scholz began studying surveying technology in Danzig , which he broke off in 1934. From 1936 to 1938 he completed a degree in architecture at the Technical University of Berlin ; During this time he took over the management of the “Group Poland in the Association of German Abroad Students”. At the end of 1938 he received his engineering degree, after which Scholz worked in an architecture office.

In 1938 Scholz was naturalized and joined the General SS (SS no. 417.461) in Berlin. In 1941 he volunteered for the Waffen SS . From 1942 he was an employee of Office Group C, Buildings, in the SS Economic and Administrative Main Office (WVHA) and possibly involved in the preparation of the General Plan East .

From September 1942 to February 1945 he was adjutant to SS-Brigadführer Walther Schieber in the armaments supply office of the Reich Ministry for Armaments and Ammunition . In January 1943, during the Battle of Stalingrad , he was assigned to the troops, but on Schieber's intervention he was transferred back to the Ministry of Armaments. At the beginning of 1945 he was transferred to Ellrich in the Harz Mountains, where he became the commandant of the IV. SS construction brigade , a concentration camp prisoner unit that first belonged to the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp and from January 15, 1945 to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, which among other things was involved in the construction of the Helmetalbahn participated and was housed in the Ellrich-Bürgergarten satellite camp.

In April 1945 Scholz led the 1000 concentration camp prisoners who were under his control on a death march through the Harz Mountains to Siptenfelde . Scholz was arrested by US units and was in American war criminals custody from 1945 to 1948, including in the Dachau concentration camp . After his dismissal in 1948, Scholz became an architect at BASF . After the Second World War he joined the SPD .

In 1993 Scholz was to receive the Eichendorff literary prize. After Paulus Buscher made research results from the Berlin Document Center and the Institute for Contemporary History about Scholz's past in the SS and in the concentration camp system public, the jury revoked its vote. Bodo Heimann then received the award .

Youth work

Both before and after the Second World War, Scholz was mostly in a leading position in various groups of the Bündische Jugend . Before 1933 he was a member of the "Young German Renewal Movement in Poland". Scholz was involved in the publication of the magazine Zelte im Osten , where he published texts, songs and graphics. He was a leading member of the German Youth Union in Poland and was accepted into the German Youth Union on November 1, 1929 . After Eberhard Koebel's involvement in the KPD, Scholz joined the boyhood of Karl Christian Müller , known as teut.

From 1933 to 1936 he was by his own account for a time full-time leader in the Hitler Youth .

In 1959, Scholz became a member of the newly founded Deutsche Jungentrucht and in 1960 contributed to its merger with the Jungwandervogel and the Jungenschaft in the Federation to form the " Bund deutscher Jungenschaften " (BdJ).

Publications

literature

  • jungenschaft RESISTANCE (ed.): A documentation of the prevention of the award of the "Eichendorff Prize" to Erich Scholz . published by the "documentation archive of the anti-fascist German youth dj.1.11" (with extracts from the Berlin Document Center )
  • Joachim Neander: The Mittelbau concentration camp in the final phase of the National Socialist dictatorship. On the history of the last independent concentration camp founded in the “Third Reich” with special consideration of its phase of dissolution . Paper plane, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 1997. ISBN 3-89720-046-5 .
  • Joachim Neander: The evacuation of the camps of SS construction brigades III and IV in April 1945 . in: Firouz Vladi : The construction of the Helmetalbahn. A report on the history of the railway, the concentration camp subcamps of the SS construction brigades, the forced labor in the southern Harz in the years 1944-45 and the evacuation marches in April 1945 , pp. 134–159. Mecke, Duderstadt 2000. ISBN 3-932752-55-4 .
  • Bruno Wasser: Himmler's spatial planning in the east. The General Plan East in Poland 1940-1944. Birkhäuser, Basel 1994. ISBN 3-7643-2852-5 .
  • Journalism & Art Issue 7/8 July / August 1993. IG-Medien. Publication about the planned award of the Eichendorff Literature Prize 1993 to Scholz
  • to the death of olka . Obituary in the magazine der eisbrecher , issue 4/2000. Publishing house of the youth movement
  • The other string. Olka's songs and the life of Erich Scholz . In the Eisbrecher , issue 3/2006. Publishing house of the youth movement and additionally the Eisbrecher reader Erich Scholz (PDF, 4.6 MB)
  • Helmut König , Roland Eckert , Fritz Schmidt, Jürgen Reulecke : What left those who were before us? The youthful writer Erich Scholz-olka. Wochenschau Verlag, Schwalbach / Ts. 2011, ISBN 978-3-89974-702-7 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Scholz, Erich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Olka
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect, author, song writer and SS man
DATE OF BIRTH May 18, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Tarnowitz
DATE OF DEATH October 2, 2000
Place of death Rimbach (Odenwald)