Leipzig Fair

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Leipziger Messe GmbH

logo
legal form GmbH
Seat Leipzig , SaxonySaxonySaxony 
management Martin Buhl-Wagner, Markus Geisenberger
Number of employees 395 (2016)
sales 97.3 million euros (2016)
Branch Trade shows
Website leipziger-messe.de

The new grounds of the Leipziger Messe

The term Leipziger Messe generally stands for a market event ( fair ) of supraregional importance that has been provable since the 12th century and is held several times a year in Leipzig , see the history of the Leipziger Messe . Today, the term is also synonymous with both the trade fair, congress and exhibition grounds, which have been in the north of Leipzig in the Seehausen district since 1996 , and the Leipziger Messe GmbH , a company founded in 1991 and located on the exhibition grounds .

From around 1895 to 1991, the term Leipziger Messe stood for the sample fair (abbreviation: MM ). The sample fair made Leipzig a world trading center. The abbreviation MM can still be found today through two superimposed M in the logo of Leipziger Messe GmbH and can also be found on the exhibition tower at the entrance to the exhibition grounds in the north of Leipzig and as a striking rotating advertising sign on the winter garden tower in the center of Leipzig. The MM logo was created by Erich Gruner from Leipzig.

Trade fair location

With a tradition going back 850 years, the trade fair city of Leipzig is one of the oldest trade fair locations in the world. Goods fairs took place mainly in the city center. With the transition from the goods fair to the sample fair around 1895 and due to lack of space in the city center, the 50 hectare technical fair , now also known as the Old Fair , opened in the southeast of Leipzig not far from the Monument to the Battle of the Nations at the beginning of the 20th century . The almost 50 hectare old fair was completely replaced in 1996 by the twice as large and ultra-modern new fair in the north of the city.

In addition, from the middle of the 20th century, there was a second exhibition center in the extreme south of Leipzig and the adjacent town of Markkleeberg , the agra exhibition center , which, with almost 200 hectares, had around four times as much space as the Alte Messe and was primarily used for garden and agricultural exhibitions was used. The agra exhibition center, which has since been reduced in size, is still used for trade fairs.

The two current exhibition grounds, that of the Leipziger Messe in the north and that of agra in the south, are the two exhibition grounds (each with exhibition halls) of the city of Leipzig. Only the much better known and now larger exhibition center of the Leipziger Messe in the north of the city is meant when the Leipziger Messe is mentioned. Only the Leipziger Messe also has international significance.

Fairground

Currently around 40 trade fairs, 100 congresses and other events with a total of 10,000 exhibitors and 1.3 million visits take place on the grounds of the Leipziger Messe every year.

Of the almost 99 hectares available at the New Leipzig Exhibition Center, 272,300 m² are built on. In the center of the exhibition grounds there is a 19,446 m² glass hall to which five exhibition halls and a congress center ( Congress Center Leipzig  - CCL) are docked like satellites via tubular corridors. The halls and the congress center are also directly connected to one another by transitions.

The new exhibition center at night

Glass hall

The glass hall of the Leipziger Messe is 238 meters long, 80 meters wide and 30 meters high. It was created in collaboration between the architects von Gerkan, Marg and Partners and the architect Ian Ritchie . The arch construction made of steel and glass is compared to the " Crystal Palace " by Joseph Paxton for the 1st World Exhibition in 1851 in London. The glass hall of the new exhibition center received the Outstanding Structure Award from IABSE in 2000 . The glass hall is used for logistics and accompanying and reporting events during trade fairs, for example for publicly accessible television studios and talk shows. But it can also be used without the adjacent exhibition halls for general events with up to 4,500 people.

Exhibition space

Each of the five exhibition halls has an area of ​​20,500 m² that can be used for trade fairs and exhibitions. Together with the usable 70,000 m² of the exhibition area and the usable 5900 m² in the glass hall, this results in a total usable area of ​​178,400 m² for trade fairs and exhibitions. The part of the outdoor area that cannot be used for exhibitions is partly developed as a park and lake landscape and partly intended for deliveries, logistics or parking spaces.

Convention center

34C3 tuwat 2017 in the CCL

The CCL congress center has a floor space of 8337 m²; a total of 21 rooms (including 5 halls) offer space for almost 3900 people. There are also rooms available for congresses in the adjacent exhibition building (7 rooms, up to 1112 people). The glass hall (4,500 people) and exhibition halls 1 and 2 (10,000 people each) can also be used for very large congresses. The (theoretical) total capacity for large congresses is almost 30,000 people.

HALL: ONE

Exhibition hall 1 can be used for major events (such as rock concerts), which allows several partial events at the same time via an extendable and separable grandstand system and can accommodate up to 15,000 people. Exhibition hall 1 is marketed for major events under the label HALLE: EINS .

Art on the exhibition grounds

Entrance of Martin Kippenberger's Metro-Net station in Messepark Ost.

The Leipziger Messe houses contemporary works of art. Among the international artists are several well-known representatives of conceptual art . The works of art were developed for the Leipzig Exhibition Center. They are written by Angela Bulloch , Daniel Buren , Stanislaw Drózdz, Peter Fischli and David Weiss , Günther Förg , Isa Genzken , Dan Graham , Jenny Holzer , Martin Kippenberger , Sol LeWitt , Thomas Locher , Olaf Nicolai , Jorge Pardo , Rirkrit Tiravanija , Niele Toroni and Rosemarie Trockel . 16 plants are open to the public in the buildings as well as on the outdoor area, partly in the connecting tubes, partly in the outdoor area, partly in the halls. The attentive visitor will not miss them, more information about the works of art is available.

In addition, there are regularly public exhibitions by changing artists in the atrium of the exhibition center.

Transport links to the exhibition grounds

Street

The new exhibition center is located directly on the federal highway 14 and the federal highway 2 . About ten minutes away by car are the A9 at the Schkeuditzer Kreuz and the A38 at the Parthenaue motorway triangle .

train

At the exhibition station Leipzig Messe keep all year trains the S-Bahn lines S2, S5, S6 S5X and the S-Bahn central Germany , the u. a. Establish direct connections to Leipzig, Halle, Dessau, Zwickau and Leipzig / Halle Airport . Furthermore, the RE trains Leipzig – Dessau – Magdeburg stop as scheduled at Leipzig-Messe station.

Deutsche Bahn only sets up additional stops on the ICE and IC lines to and from Leipzig at particularly large trade fairs , but due to the extensive construction work in the Leipzig and Halle nodes, this has only been done to a limited extent in recent years. Occasionally, special trains also run directly to the fair, for example the bookworm special train from Dresden with the final stop at Leipzig-Messe as part of the book fair in 2017 .

tram

The new exhibition center is connected to the tram network with line 16 of the Leipziger Verkehrsbetriebe . The amplifier line 16E also runs at large trade fairs, so that at least a five-minute cycle is established. However, the tram route ends three hundred meters from the main entrance, as the planners found an overhead line in front of the glass hall to be a nuisance.

Congress hall at the zoo

 CONGRESS HALL at Leipzig Zoo
Congress hall at Leipzig Zoo

In addition to the exhibition grounds in the north of Leipzig, Leipziger Messe GmbH has been operating another congress center in downtown Leipzig since 2015, the Congress Hall at the Zoo . The Wilhelminian-style building in the center of Leipzig, built in 1900, was converted into a modern conference center in 2009. It offers space for up to 3000 people in 15 rooms for congresses and meetings.

Old Fair Leipzig

The Alte Messe Leipzig was the location of the Technische Leipziger Messe (also the Technical Exhibition Center ) until 1996 . The site and its buildings no longer belong to Leipziger Messe GmbH , they no longer accommodate any trade fair activities and are only of historical interest from a trade fair point of view. The oldest building is the Event Palace, built in 1913 as a concrete hall for the International Building Exhibition (IBA), later used as a trade fair hall and now the venue and recording location of the MDR. One of the best-known and, like the Eventpalast, a listed building of the Old Leipzig Trade Fair, the Achilleion (now a Soviet pavilion ) has been partially converted into the city ​​archive for the city of Leipzig since the end of 2016 .

Major events on the exhibition grounds

Universal trade fairs , as the sample trade fair was for many decades until 1991, no longer take place in the Leipziger Messe. Instead - since 1991 - periodically recurring public and trade fairs have been central to the Leipziger Messe. There are also congresses and meetings as well as large events.

Sometimes trade fairs and other events are organized directly by Leipziger Messe GmbH, sometimes Leipziger Messe GmbH only provides the premises and the infrastructure, while external companies are responsible for the management.

Congresses and events

The Congress Center Leipzig (CCL) is the center of the congresses and courses on the exhibition grounds . The CCL is shaped in particular by medical conferences, which reflects the general importance of Leipzig in medical research. There are also other congresses and major events such as B. the SPD party congress 2013. In 2012, the CCL was voted the best congress and conference center in Europe by the British trade magazine “Business Destinations”. In 2016, 120,000 trade visitors visited the CCL in 76 congresses.

The references include, above all, major events, the MUT medium-sized entrepreneurship day, party conferences and events with accompanying exhibitions.

Chaos Communication Congress

The Chaos Communication Congress is the largest annual event of the Chaos Computer Club , which has been taking place in Leipzig since 2017. The four-day program is dedicated to lectures and workshops and a. IT security, other technical topics as well as social politics and art. The congress uses the CCL and several of the large halls and is regularly sold out - in 2018 with 17,000 permanent visitors.

Events

Big events take place especially in HALLE: EINS (exhibition hall 1). This hall advertises with the freely convertible and configurable grandstand constructions and with a capacity of up to 15,000 spectators. The presentation of Germany's largest audience award, the Golden Hen , which Helene Fischer has won several times , takes place regularly in this hall.

Other events in HALLE: EINS included u. a. the boxing match between Robert Stieglitz and Arthur Abraham to defend his title as WBO world champion and the show "Disney on Ice - 100 years of magic". In addition, the “Dance World Cup” in Latin dances and sporting events such as the “Fed Cup” in tennis took place here. Musically are u. a. the concerts of the US band " Slipknot " and the group " Böhse Onkelz ", but also the Impericon Festival with the group " Parkway Drive " are worth mentioning.

The Kirchentag for the Reformation 2017, the “Kirchentag on the way in Leipzig” also took place here.

Trade fairs and exhibitions

In particular with the book fair , the Auto Mobil International (AMI) and the computer games fair Games Convention , the Leipziger Messe achieved public success after 1991 with more than 200,000 visitors. The fairs Haus-Garten-Freizeit (approx. 190,000 visitors) and modell-hobby-spiel (approx. 100,000 visitors) as well as the partner horse with 72,000 visitors are also popular with the public. Trade fairs that attract trade visitors are also the Leipzig Book Fair and the agra agricultural exhibition , both with more than 45,000 trade visitors. Among the pure trade fairs, fairs with more than 20,000 trade visitors should be emphasized. These are the world's leading trade fair and world congress OTWorld (orthopedics + rehabilitation technology) and the dual industrial trade fair Z / intec for the supplier and mechanical engineering sector.

In addition to successes, there were also some unexpected failures - for example, the Leipziger Messe lost the Games Convention , which had risen to become the leading European trade fair, to Cologne in 2008 due to the unfavorable infrastructure conditions in Leipzig at the time (distance to metropolitan regions, transport connections, hotel beds), the further expansion of the Games Convention set limits. In addition, there was the short-term collapse of the AMI auto show in 2016, when more than half of all volume exhibitors canceled within a very short time shortly before the fair. In addition, the attempt to establish a larger fashion fair in Leipzig failed. This was due in particular to the exhibitor response, which was too low due to the great distance to the leading German locations for the fashion industry. However, the Bodylook lingerie and lingerie fair developed for Leipzig was sold to Düsseldorf, one of the German fashion centers, in early 2006.

Trade fairs with a focus on the public

Public and consumer fairs are often linked to events, such as readings, concerts or performance shows. Despite the focus on private visitors, these trade fairs are always also trade fairs.

All trade fairs listed here with a focus on the public take place annually.

Leipzig Book Fair

The Leipzig Book Fair has been one of the best-known Leipzig trade fairs for more than 400 years. It is the only remaining Leipzig trade fair from before the fall of the Wall . Founded in the early 17th century, it quickly developed into the largest industry get-together in the German-speaking area; with Leipzig as an important publishing and bookmaking city. The book fair retained this status as the leading trade fair for the German-speaking area until the Second World War, but then had to give it up to the Frankfurt Book Fair .

The Leipzig Book Fair, which takes place annually in March (2017: 208,000 visitors, 2,493 exhibitors) is currently the second largest book fair in Germany after the Frankfurt Book Fair (2016: 277,000 visitors, 7,100 exhibitors) - and growing rapidly. In contrast to the Frankfurt Book Fair, which, as the leading fair, is primarily a trade fair, the Leipzig Book Fair is more of a public fair, where the focus is on interaction with readers and authors. The Leipzig Antiquarian Book Fair , which has been taking place in parallel since 1995, and the Manga Comic Convention, which has also been taking place in parallel since 2014, also serve this goal .

There is also the Leipzig Reads Reading Festival , which is part of the Leipzig Book Fair and takes place at the same time. With 3400 readings on 571 stages, it is the largest reading festival in Europe. The reading festival only takes place partly at the Leipzig Trade Fair and partly in the city center.

Home-garden-leisure

The "Home-Garden-Leisure" is a consumer exhibition and has been held annually since 1991. In recent years it has taken place in parallel with the “Beach & Boot” trade fair and the Central German craft trade fair. This fair is consistently in excess of 175,000 annual visitors. In 2016 almost 188,300 visitors came.

model hobby game

The " model-hobby-game " is the largest visitor fair of its kind in Germany. At the beginning of October each year, the largest companies in the toy industry and model construction gather here . The Games and Modeling Fair was founded in 1996 and attracts around 100,000 visitors every year.

"Partner horse"

The partner horse , which has been taking place since 1998, achieved a best result in 2017 with 71,800 visitors. The partner horse combines an exhibition about horses (250 exhibitors) with a combination of performance show and sport as well as shows. Exhibition elements such as breed presentations and advanced training courses on the health and training of horses and riders alternate with shows and horse shows, including show jumping World Cup events.

Tourism & caravanning

The " Touristik und Caravaning " is a trade fair for travel, vacation and hotel as well as caravanning. The fair is organized by FLEET Events GmbH , the ideal sponsor is the Deutscher Camping-Club e. V. (DCC). The travel fair is the largest travel fair in the new federal states and attracted 61,450 visitors in 2016, a new record.

DreamHack

The DreamHack Leipzig has been held since 2016 annually held in mid / late January. The DreamHack Leipzig is a festival with a combination of eSports, Dream Expo and a LAN party . The first festival in Leipzig (called Level 1 ) attracted 12,000 visitors and 1,000 visitors to the LAN party. At Dreamhack Level 2 at the beginning of 2017 there were significantly more visitors with 15,100 and 1,500 visitors to the LAN party.

Trade fairs with a focus on trade visitors

Trade fairs with a focus on the trade visitor have the opportunity to become leading trade fairs in their specialist area. Pure trade fairs are often linked to specialist congresses and training events. The number of visitors is naturally smaller than at trade fairs with a focus on the public.

Trade fairs are usually every two years.

Library Congress and Librarian Day

Since 2000, the library congress of the BID ( Library & Information Germany , Federal Association of German Library and Information Associations eV) has been taking place every three years in Leipzig in combination with the German Librarians' Day immediately before the book fair.

Leipzig Book Fair (trade fair)

Although the annual Leipzig Book Fair is primarily a well-attended public fair, it is also a trade fair that offers separate quiet areas for intensive technical discussions. It is the annual spring meeting of the book and media industry. The number of trade visitors is only reported sporadically, but it is consistently between a third and a quarter of the total number of visitors. From this, roughly 50,000 trade visitors can be estimated.

The greater audience orientation of the Leipzig Book Fair compared to the Frankfurt Book Fair makes it possible to make sales and public trends more visible and to give impulses to the book and media market as an early indicator. This becomes visible u. a. with the audio books , which played a visible role in Leipzig early on.

World Dog Show (World Dog Show)

The world dog show World Dog Show is a world performance show for dogs. It takes place once a year at different locations around the world. In 2017, the World Dog Show went to Germany to the Association for German Dogs (VDH), which organized it at the Leipzig Trade Fair. 20,000 dogs and around 80,000 human visitors are expected in November 2017.

agra (Central German agricultural exhibition)

The central German agricultural exhibition agra , which takes place every two years, is the largest agricultural trade fair in central Germany. In 2015 agra saw a record turnout. Almost 93% of the visitors were trade visitors (and thus a good 45,000 of the almost 49,000 visitors), on 110,000 m² of exhibition space more than 1,000 exhibitors, including all well-known manufacturers of agricultural machinery. Agra Veranstaltungs GmbH is the organizer of agra .

Z / intec (industrial fair "intec" / supplier fair "Z")

The biennial Z / intec, which takes place in combination with the “intec” industrial fair and the “Z” supplier fair, is an international trade fair for industrial technology, mechanical engineering, components and the supplier industry. This trade fair is only open to trade visitors and in 2017 reached a number of 24,200 trade visitors and 1,382 exhibitors.

OTWorld (orthopedics + rehabilitation technology)

"OTWorld" (formerly "Orthopädie + Reha-Technik") is the world's leading trade fair for orthopedics and rehabilitation technology with an associated world congress that takes place every two years . In 2010 it was held in cooperation with the annual conference of the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO). The notional sponsor is the Federal Association of Orthopedic Technology . The trade fair, which is only open to trade visitors and has an attached congress, saw 21,300 visitors, 542 exhibitors and 330 congress speakers in 2016.

Leipzig Veterinary Congress (with industrial exhibition VETEXPO)

The Leipzig Veterinary Congress is the most popular training event for veterinarians in German-speaking countries. The affiliated industrial exhibition VETEXPO is open to trade visitors. The offer is aimed both at veterinarians who practice in the field of farm animals and small animals, as well as at veterinarians in the public veterinary sector and at veterinary scientists. In 2016, 5,000 visitors and 210 exhibitors gathered in Leipzig, a record for the advanced training event of Leipziger Messe GmbH, which took place for the first time in 1998, and has been held every three years from 2002 and since 2008 every two years.

Order fairs

Order fairs are annual and sometimes semi-annual fairs at which manufacturers offer their goods on certain occasions. Most of these providers are small and medium-sized family businesses or individuals as well as craftsmen and artists. Examples of order fairs in Leipzig are CADEAUX (fair for gift ideas ) , which mainly shows art from the Erzgebirge . There are also the order fairs unique 4 + 1 (textile and surface finishing), MIDORA (watches and jewelry) and COMFORTEX (specialist forum for interior design). The trade fairs, some of which are held in parallel, attract an average of more than 10,000 trade visitors.

Important former trade fairs and exhibitions

After the Leipziger Messe moved to the New Exhibition Center, there were also important trade fairs and exhibitions after 1998 that no longer exist. Here is a selection of the most important.

Auto Mobil International (biennial, discontinued)

The Auto Mobil International (AMI) was after the IAA in Frankfurt and by far to the same the second largest auto show in Germany. It took place annually up to 2010 and every two years up to and including 2014 in combination with AMITEC , a trade fair for suppliers and accessories. The AMI was particularly popular in the even-numbered years (in which the IAA did not take place) and usually had an average of more than 270,000 visitors. In 2008, the AMI achieved its visitor record with 293,000 visitors. According to the company, one of the special features of the AMI was the range of test drive options in road traffic. In addition to visitors from Germany, there were also audiences from Poland and the Czech Republic. Due to the sudden cancellation of the exhibition by more than half of the volume manufacturers, the fair for 2016 had to be canceled at very short notice.

Games Convention (annually, discontinued)

The Games Convention took place from 2002 to 2008 every year at the end of August. Up until then it was the leading European trade fair for computer games (or interactive entertainment software ). In 2008, the last year of its existence, the Games Convention was the world's most popular trade fair for computer games with 203,000 visitors, even before the Tokyo Game Show . The Games Convention then left the Leipziger Messe and started as GamesCom with initially fewer visitors in Cologne . The reason for the move was the unfavorable infrastructure conditions in Leipzig at the time (distance to metropolitan regions, transport connections, hotel beds), which set limits to the further expansion of the Games Convention .

After the loss of the Games Convention , the follow-up exhibition , the Games Convention Online , took place in Leipzig for the first time in 2009 . After the Games Convention had been moved, only a few exhibitors presented their articles on the subject of online and multiplayer games in only two halls. The fair only lasted three days instead of five. In 2010, the fair was converted into a pure trade show, with various public events such as the qualification for the World Cyber ​​Games being relocated to Belantis. In 2011 a line was drawn and the Games Convention Online was discontinued.

Leipziger Messe GmbH

Today's Leipziger Messe GmbH was founded in 1991. The Free State of Saxony and the City of Leipzig each hold 50%. The company has five subsidiaries and 22 representations abroad. In addition to the Leipziger Messe, it operates the Congress Center Leipzig (CCL), which is also located on the exhibition grounds, and the HALLE: EINS event center, which is also located on the exhibition grounds . In addition to the possibilities of the Leipzig exhibition center, the company also operates the KONGRESSHALLE am Zoo in downtown Leipzig. In 2014, the company organized 36 trade fairs, 88 congresses and 33 other events took place on the exhibition grounds. A total of more than 1.2 million visitors came.

Leipziger Messe GmbH, with around 35 trade fairs a year, is now one of the ten largest trade fair companies in Germany. In terms of exhibition capacity, it is in 8th place. As an instrument of economic development , the trade fair generates production effects - the so-called indirect return is 567.7 million euros. Despite these sums, the core business, from a purely monetary point of view, remains a grant business for the shareholders - the city of Leipzig and the state of Saxony. The annual subsidy requirement was, however, reduced from around 14 to 4.4 million euros in 2017 within ten years. Strategic partnerships with organizers and associations abroad are expected to provide support for corporate development. The focus is on the markets in Eastern Europe and Asia. Examples of our international involvement are our own trade fairs such as denkmal Moscow , as well as the trade fair for forest fire protection Forest Fire Fighting and Protection Siberia in Novosibirsk and the orthopedic technology world congress of the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO) 2013 in Hyderabad (India) .

Leipziger Messe GmbH also acts as an organizer at other locations in Germany, for example in Munich with the international cosmetics industry trade fair CosmeticBusiness. In addition, Leipziger Messe is expanding the congress and business with events and guest events. Around 100 congresses and major events such as WorldSkills , the SPD party convention, the Porsche annual general meeting and Robert Stieglitz's boxing match against Arthur Abraham to defend his title as WBO world champion took place at the Leipzig Exhibition Center in 2013 .

Leipziger Messe GmbH is certified with the international Green Globe seal for sustainable action. The CCL has been a member of the International Congress and Convention Association (ICCA) since 1996. The CCL Congress Center and the KONGRESSHALLE am Zoo Leipzig are also members of the German Convention Bureau (GCB), which markets Germany as a conference location.

The trade fair company is a member of the Association of Large-Scale German Trade Fairs . V. and in 2018 ranked 10th in Germany in terms of sales behind Messe Frankfurt , Messe München , Messe Berlin , KölnMesse , Messe Nürnberg , Deutsche Messe , Messe Düsseldorf , Messe Stuttgart and Messe Hamburg .

History of the Leipziger Messe

The Leipzig city letter
Hustle and bustle at the Leipzig market around 1800

The history of the Leipziger Messe is also a story of 850 years of long-distance trade in Leipzig.

From the establishment of masses to the 19th century

The city of Leipzig was at the crossroads of the trade routes Via Regia (which led from Paris to Novgorod ) and the Via Imperii (from Bergen to Rome ). This situation favored trade, especially long-distance trade. From this, an influential social class arose with the Leipzig trade bourgeoisie , which played a key role in shaping the Saxon state. There is already written evidence from the 12th century that “annual fairs took place in Lipz.” The “city letter” from Margrave Otto the Rich , which historians dated between 1156 and 1170, is considered the birth certificate of the city and the fair . “With the award of the city letter, an unusual parchment manuscript with 33 lines of Latin text, it was determined that no fair detrimental to the city could be held within a radius of one mile (15 kilometers). This was the first time that the Leipziger Messe was mentioned in writing and legally secured. ”The Leipziger Messe specifies“ around 1165 ”as the year it was founded. In 1268, Margrave Dietrich von Landsberg issued the escort privilege , which was of eminent importance for the development of long-distance trade: “All merchants who want to do business in Leipzig or who own warehouses are granted absolute protection, even if the Margrave and their masters in Feud lies! "

Two annual markets had established themselves in Leipzig: on Jubilate (third Sunday after Easter) and Michaelis (September 29th). With the New Year's Market in 1458, Elector Friedrich II gave Leipzig a third market. This was first held on New Year 1459. In 1497, the Roman-German King Maximilian I confirmed the three Leipzig markets and raised them to imperial fairs . With the certificate issued in Worms of July 20, 1497 “… Maximilian I crowned a significant stage in Leipzig's trading history and at the same time created all the prerequisites for a sensational development of the city into a central German trading metropolis.” The Leipzig council was worth 178 guilders for the privilege text. This great privilege “forbade all new foundations in the dioceses of Magdeburg, Halberstadt, Meißen, Merseburg and Naumburg. Offenders were to be punished with the payment of 50 Marks of 'soldering gold'. ”But the dispute over markets in Erfurt that were establishing themselves let the Leipzig councilors become active again: With a parchment deed signed in Constance on June 23, 1507, Maximilian I sealed a second“ Privilegium ”. "This document, in which the term fair appears for the first time, goes far beyond the stipulations of 1497: It expressly confirms the right to defeat and stack , forbids the establishment and holding of fairs within 15 miles (and thus applies to Magdeburg as well Erfurt) and extends the protection for visitors to the Leipzig markets. ”The 15 miles mentioned correspond to about 115 kilometers. In addition, Maximilian I determined with his signature under the second Reichsmesse privilege that all "Reichsstraßen [...] should be kept open for goods trains to and from Leipzig". In addition, the seizures of "Meßgütern" was branded as a breach of the peace and the imperial ban punished. On the basis of this privilege, Leipzig continuously developed into one of the most important trading centers in Europe through the establishment of its own trade connections in all directions over the centuries .

See also : Exchange thaler to favor Leipzig trade

Transition to the sample fair from 1895

Diesel multiple unit from the Hungarian company Ganz at the Leipzig autumn fair in 1954, taken over by the DR as VT 12.14
Erich Honecker and Willi Stoph next to their GAZ-13 Tschaika limousines at the Leipzig spring fair in 1972
Main entrance March 10, 1974
Exhibition stands of the GDR furniture industry in 1981
Spring fair 1983, north entrance
Strauss and Honecker at the Leipzig Spring Fair 1987
Fair men
Stamp pad for the Leipzig Autumn Fair in 1989
"Internationally recognized
trading partner GDR"
- propaganda poster for the trade fair in Leipzig, 1970

Towards the middle of the 19th century, the classic goods fair ran out of space. Favored by the development of the railway , the flow of goods to Leipzig grew. “With the construction of the long-distance railway from 1839, large quantities of goods could be transported faster and significantly cheaper. As a result, Leipzig reached the limits of its storage capacities, [...]. “The industrial production with large numbers of items with consistent quality no longer made it necessary to bring all the merchandise. Dealers were increasingly arriving with product samples. “While the supply of samples to the Leipzig trade fairs slowly increased, worrying tendencies were also observed. Individual companies sent representatives with samples directly to customers, so that a visit to the trade fair was not necessary. ”Leipzig adapted to the new conditions: In 1895 the changeover from the goods fair to the world's first sample fair took place . An announcement “of June 2, 1894, signed by Mayor Otto Georgi, declared the sample fair to be an official institution from 1895 onwards. Between 1894 and 1914, the consumer goods and luxury goods sectors brought a tremendous boost to the Leipzig sample fair. "

With the change to the sample fair, the cityscape of Leipzig changed. The splendid courtyards and houses of the Renaissance and Baroque periods - built so that goods could be loaded quickly without having to turn the wagon - no longer met the new requirements. Instead of in the merchant's yard as at the time of the goods fair, the "Messepalast" was now used for trading. The municipal department store , which was completed in 1904, was followed by numerous other trade fair houses, which still shape the image of Leipzig city center today. From now on, the goods were no longer sold locally. By presenting samples, commercial contracts were concluded, on the basis of which the goods were then transported from the manufacturer to the customer in the previously agreed quantity and quality and at agreed conditions. The sample fair made "the largest business possible with the least amount of resources, in the shortest possible time and in the smallest of spaces," as Edouard Herriot found, President of the French Parliament in 1912. "

But competition grew and the First World War had isolated the fair. In 1916, a new specialist authority was established with the establishment of the “ Messamt für die Mustermessen ”, which began its work in 1917. The measuring office marked “for the Leipzig trade fair location the end of the long transition phase from the goods to the sample fair.” The “economy involved in the fair” gained significant influence through its branch associations. Even during the First World War was raging, the artist designed Erich Gruner in 1917 for the new position a trademark: The logo of the Leipziger Messe with two mutually superposed M . The double M, abbreviation for MusterMesse , premiered at the autumn fair of 1917 . You take it exactly as it is equal to three, stacked M , counting with even the space, which indeed also an M representing. Gruner received the order for the design from the measurement office for the sample fairs , which the third M explains.

The Leipzig Trade Fair between 1918 and 1945

In 1918 the special souvenir trade fair badges could be bought for the first time. Trade fair advertising was also made in address books, city maps and in local newspapers.

Georg Baus was commissioned by Erich Gruner to create a corporate design for the trade fair in 1921 , one of the first in the world.

Due to the lack of space in the city center and the increasing number of technical goods, tools and machines that were shown in Leipzig, the Technical Fair , now also known as the Old Fair , opened in the southeast of Leipzig near the Monument to the Battle of the Nations in 1920 . The first large exhibition halls were built here as early as 1913 and 1914, and this exhibition center was expanded considerably in the 1920s. In 1928 there were 17 exhibition halls and other smaller buildings.

In the second half of the 1920s, the Leipzig trade fair was of global importance.

In 1929, the Petershof exhibition center built by Alfred Liebig was opened in the city center . The toy manufacturers gathered here in spring and autumn in the following years. At the spring trade fair in 1935, Trix Express was the first reliable model railroad in the size 00 (today size H0). The competitor Märklin followed in autumn that year with its own track. Both manufacturers presented further sensational developments at the Leipzig trade fairs and successfully spread the model railroad.

Immediately after the end of the Leipzig Autumn Fair on August 31, 1939, World War II began the next morning . Even after the start of the war, the so-called Reichsmesse took place several times.

The Leipziger Messe between 1945 and 1990

Leipzig, spring fair 1962, exhibits Hungary, including various Ikarus buses

After the Second World War , the Leipziger Messe also came to a standstill for the time being. The slow new beginning in the post-war years initially only had the character of retail trade. There was already a sample show of Leipzig products in October 1945 . On May 8, 1946, the first Leipzig trade fair after the war, called the Peace Fair by the organizers , opened in the Ring-Messehaus . One wanted to demonstrate normality and productivity.

Even after 1945, the Leipzig Trade Fair continued to be held and organized by the trade fair office for sample fairs. West German exhibitors were also represented. After 1945, the Leipzig Trade Fair Office brought out a new trade fair catalog containing all the addresses and trademarks of the exhibiting companies, their range of goods and advertisements. There was also the publication Who delivers what? Both were the most important information and advertising media at the fair. From 1947 onwards, the Leipziger Messe Information was an additional advertising medium for the Leipziger Messe . From the 1950s onwards, the Hanover Fair became its biggest competitor. In the years that followed, the Leipziger Messe gradually developed into an important center in east-west trade . Although it was used by the SED leadership as an economic and political showcase for the GDR , it did not have a major negative impact on the trade fair success. At the autumn fair in 1954, the number of West German and West Berlin exhibitors had already doubled. The Leipziger Messe later also made border traffic easier. From 1955, the GDR waived the fees for using the transit routes to the Federal Republic during the trade fair , later there was regular international trade fair flights with fixed lines, and numerous special trains were always used.

Advertising films were regularly made for DEWAG-Werbung ( German advertising and advertising company ) and later for DEFA on behalf of the Leipzig Trade Fair Office . The advertising films appeared synchronized in several languages. In 1956 the Leipzig Trade Fair Office, the Association of Visual Artists of the GDR and the Federation of German Commercial Graphic Artists of the Federal Republic of Germany called for an all-German poster competition for a new Leipzig trade fair poster. Around 480 designs were submitted, of which six poster designs were purchased. The award-winning design, the so-called double man poster , came from Margarete and Walter Schultze from Wittenberg. It shows two trade fair buyers in the shape of the double M with suitcases on their way to Leipzig. This poster was then pasted as a permanent poster worldwide in 35 countries as an advertisement for the Leipzig trade fair. The second prize went to the graphic artist Richard Roth from Munich.

In 1963, gold medals (fair gold) were awarded for the first time at the autumn fair. From 1964 the Leipziger Messemännchen was a popular advertising figure and at the same time became the fair's mascot. The graphic artist Gerhard Behrend had designed this doll, which was popular as a Leipzig souvenir and was manufactured in VEB Vereinigte Spielwarenwerke Sonneberg "sonni". In the puppet studio of the DFF ( Deutscher Fernsehfunk ), from 1965 onwards, short advertising films were made with the fair man as an intermediate screen for advertising spots from exhibitors at the Leipziger Messe, and the GDR advertising program Tausend Tele-Tips was shown. During the days of the fair, the fair man was regularly seen in the evening children's program, Our Sandman . In 1965 the anniversary fair “800 Years of the Leipziger Messe” took place. In and around Leipzig, the Leipzig Trade Fair Office designed the larger streets and highways with outdoor advertising. In the 1980s, a separate television channel (exhibition channel) and a radio program were broadcast on the days of the fair. The stamp issues for the Leipzig Fair have always been a sought-after collector's item by philatelists.

Every year up to 1990 a spring fair and an autumn fair were held in Leipzig with exhibitors from East and West and, especially until 1970, gave the GDR the opportunity to compare its technical performance with the "world level". The Leipziger Messe was a member of the UFI . The UFI is an association of the world's largest trade fair organizers, based in Paris. The UFI logo was printed on advertising media and on the exhibition passes.

From the 1960s the number of visitors leveled off at around 600,000, with around 90% of visitors from the GDR and 7–8% from Western countries (mostly from the Federal Republic of Germany). The number of exhibitors in the 1950s and 1960s was around 10,000, using up to 300,000 m² of exhibition space. Later on, Western and Eastern European exhibitors were reluctant to present their latest and most advanced products. The central function in the west-east business remained untouched.

The British historian Timothy Garton Ash interpreted the popularity of the fair in 1981 as saying that the visitors wanted "at least with their eyes ... to nibble on the forbidden fruits of capitalism."

GDR citizens with a previously purchased trade fair pass for visitors were given Deutsche Reichsbahn tickets for a return trip with a 25% discount. In the GDR, trade fair passes could be bought in advance in the branches of the GDR travel agency . The prices for the trade fair passes changed several times; at the end of the 1970s, the trade fair pass cost ten marks for the entire duration of the trade fair and six marks for autumn fairs. Most recently a day pass cost six GDR marks.

Fair fee

During the Leipzig Fair, from the spring fair in 1949 until the autumn fair in 1951, special fair money for international visitors with freely convertible currencies was issued in the form of checks. These checks were only valid at the time of the fair in the urban district of Leipzig. The issuing bank was the German central bank for the city district of Leipzig, guarantee and credit bank A. G. Later it was the German central bank . These first checks were still made out in currency marks. From the autumn fair in 1949, there was the fair check, which was made out in D-Mark and was now issued by the issuing and giro bank Saxony, Leipzig branch, on behalf of the German central bank Leipzig. The last series of checks appeared at the autumn fair in 1951. The special checks were put together in booklets and served as a means of payment for meals as well as for purchasing necessities and gifts in the foreign department store specially set up for this purpose. Even later, certain restaurants and sales facilities were reserved for foreign guests, i.e. visitors and exhibitors with freely convertible currencies.

Trade fair flight traffic

As a GDR air transport company, Deutsche Lufthansa (GDR) published a trade fair flight plan for the first time at the Leipzig autumn fair in 1957. The trade fair flights were operated from August 30th to September 10th 1957 together with ČSA ( Czech Airlines ), Sabena and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines . The GDR company offered ten daily connections between Berlin and Leipzig and Leipzig-Prague-Budapest-Bucharest with the Ilyushin Il-14 aircraft . ČSA flew the Vienna – Prague – Leipzig route, KLM the Amsterdam – Leipzig route. The Sabena company operated the Brussels – Leipzig route with a stopover in Frankfurt / Main. The trade fair airport was initially Leipzig-Mockau Airport . Due to the importance of the Leipziger Messe in international trade, the trade fair air traffic also developed increasingly. With the advent of jet aircraft, it was moved to Schkeuditz in 1963 because of the required length of the runway .

In 1988, eleven European aviation companies flew to the trade fair city of Leipzig during the spring and autumn fair. This established direct air traffic to and from Leipzig in around 25 European cities. Aircraft of the types Tupolev Tu-134 , Tupolev Tu-154 , Ilyushin Il-62 , Douglas DC-9 , Boeing 727 , Airbus A310 , BAC 1-11 and Concorde were used . In addition to the regular trade fair traffic, business jets of various types from all parts of Europe were handled at the Leipzig exhibition center. In addition, Interflug kept the Let L-410 saloon aircraft ready for individual flights.

The gold medals of the Leipziger Messe

The gold medals of the Leipzig Spring and Autumn Fair existed for 28 years from 1963 to 1990. During this time, the Leipzig Trade Fair Office and the German Office for Metrology and Goods Testing (DAMW) ( German Office for Weights and Measures ) awarded these medals ( fair gold ) for there Top products on display. 50 fair medals were awarded for the spring and autumn fair.

When the award was made, the quality, performance and design of a product were assessed. The success of a new product, which could be determined from the orders and business contracts completed during the trade fair, also played a decisive role in the award. Most important was the application for this award, which the manufacturing company was able to submit for its product during the trade fair. Any exhibitor could receive the award and it was not only reserved for exhibitors from socialist countries. The gold medal of the Leipzig Fair was awarded for the first time at the Leipzig Spring Fair in 1963 and was never a politically oriented award. Only the coat of arms of the GDR, which was stamped on the back of each medal, gave it an official state character. Many award-winning manufacturers advertised it on the packaging of their products. A special diploma was also presented for each trade fair gold acquired.

The medals are made of bronze and also gold-plated . They have a diameter of 60 mm, a weight of approx. 72.00 g and a thickness of 3.20 mm. The edge is smooth. The motif shows the emblem of the Leipziger Messe on the front, the respective year, a ring shaped into a “Q”, with applied laurel leaves. In the GDR, the “Q” stood as a symbol of excellent quality. In addition the circular inscription:

INTERNATIONAL LEIPZIGER • MESSE • or 800 YEARS OF LEIPZIGER ▪ MESSE ▪ and 1990, 825 YEARS OF LEIPZIGER ▪ MESSE ▪ .

The reverse shows the state emblem of the GDR and bears the circular inscription: FOR OUTSTANDING • QUALITY • .

The medal was designed by Rudi Högner . The medals were minted by the VEB Münze der DDR, Berlin. Almost all of the “fair gold” was awarded at the respective company's stand. Here the medal in the white case together with the diploma, which precisely described the award-winning product, was presented by an employee of the Leipzig trade fair office and the DAMW. The honored product could therefore be advertised with this award on its packaging with immediate effect.

Central Mass of the Masters of Tomorrow (MMM)

The fair of the masters of tomorrow (MMM) was a competition in which children and young people of the GDR could take part with their own inventions, models as well as with artistic and handicrafts, at school and district fairs. From there one could be delegated to the central MMM in Leipzig. The first exhibits were presented in 1952 on the sidelines of the Leipzig trade fair. From 1958 until 1990 the MMM presented itself separately. Over the years, the central MMM was preferred by upper school classes and by vocational students on organized day trips.

Trade fairs after 1990 and opening of the new exhibition center

Exhibition banner

After the end of the GDR and the Cold War , the special conditions under which the Leipziger Messe could develop its special position as an East-West platform also no longer existed. Within a short time, the fair had to adapt to completely changed conditions. In 1991 Leipziger Messe GmbH was founded. The Free State of Saxony and the City of Leipzig each hold 50%. The previous universal fairs (annually in spring and autumn) have now been replaced by specialist fairs. This was a step that western trade fair locations had taken decades earlier. Another important step was the relocation of the exhibition center from the old exhibition center to the site of the former Leipzig-Mockau airport on the northern outskirts of the city; the opening took place on April 12, 1996. The construction of the new exhibition center in Leipzig, based on a master plan by the architects' office GMP , was one of the largest development projects in eastern Germany at a cost of 1.335 billion D-Marks (equivalent to around 682 million euros); it enabled the Leipziger Messe to be competitive with its locations in Frankfurt am Main , Düsseldorf , Cologne , Berlin , Munich and Hanover . Since the restart after the fall of the Wall , more than 30 specialist and public fairs have been set up in Leipzig.

literature

  • Ernst Hasse : History of the Leipzig trade fairs . Award papers crowned and published by the Fürstlich Jablonowski'schen Gesellschaft zu Leipzig, No. 17 of the Historical-Economic Section, Volume 25, Verlag Hirzel, Leipzig 1885 ( digitized )
  • Volker Rodekamp (Ed.): Leipzig. City of wonders. 500 years of imperial trade fair privilege, Leipzig City History Museum, Leipziger Messe Verlag, 1997
  • Werner Starke: The Leipzig exhibition center. Shape and history . Leipzig, Leipzig Trade Fair Office 1961
  • Hartmut Zwahr , Thomas Topfstedt , Günter Bentele (eds.): Leipzigs Messen 1497–1997. Volume 2: 1914-1997. Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Cologne 1999.
  • Günter Fuhrmann, Horst Jablonski, Hans-Hermann Lehnecke, Joachim Thiele, Lutz-Peter Wagenführ: Material and goods testing in the GDR, demands and reality, DIN German Institute for Standardization e. V. (Ed.), Beuth Verlag GmbH Berlin, Vienna, Zurich, 2010

Web links

Commons : Leipziger Messe  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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Coordinates: 51 ° 23 ′ 48 ″  N , 12 ° 24 ′ 10 ″  E