Exhibition privilege

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In economic history, a trade fair privilege describes the prerogative of a group of people, a person or a city to host a trade fair or a trade fair- specific issue.

Trade fair privileges generally determine the location of a trade fair, the start and end and the conditions of participation. The granting of market and trade fair privileges was the prerogative of the territorial lords . The trade fair privileges of the individual trade fair cities were supplemented and secured by a large number of privileges, including taxes, jurisdiction, coinage and the papal exemption from fasting .

The privileges do not guarantee the long-term success of the trade fairs. Only the consistent use of geographical location, economic and political power combined with assertive jurisdiction and peacekeeping made the lasting success of the Frankfurt and Leipzig trade fairs possible for centuries.

history

The prototype of the high mediaeval trade fair privileges is the Barbarossa privilege for the city of Aachen from 1166. The privilege was issued on the advice of the merchants, ie “ex concilio mercatorum”. The aim was to promote the development of the existing markets and trade fairs. The merchants were given the task of ensuring that the existing markets and trade fairs are not damaged by the new Aachen trade fairs. The certificate also regulates the right to coins , peacekeeping, exemption from taxes and escort for eight days before and after the two-week fair.

Award of the Leipzig trade fair privilege by Emperor Maximilian. 1947 commemorative stamp

The privilege granted by Emperor Friedrich II on July 11, 1240 for the trade fairs in Frankfurt am Main occupies a special position among the trade fair privileges. In the certificate, the emperor grants merchants traveling to the autumn fair the ius conductum , the imperial escort.

On April 25, 1330, Emperor Ludwig IV issued a privilege that allowed the imperial city of Frankfurt to hold a fortnightly market in spring in addition to its existing fairs. This is most likely the founding document of the spring fair of Messe Frankfurt .

The trade fairs in Leipzig developed under the protection of sovereign privileges of the Saxon rulers since 1156. The masses only received imperial privileges from Emperor Maximilian I in 1497 and 1507 .

References and comments

  1. ↑ Rainer Koch (ed.), Bridge Between the Nations. On the history of the Frankfurter Messe, Frankfurt am Main 1991 Vol. 3. S: 249-251
  2. ^ Franz Irsigler, Market and Fair Privileges, In: The Privilege in European Comparison, Barbara Dölemeyer and Heinz Mohnhaupt (eds), Frankfurt am Main 1998 Vol. II, pp. 199–200.
  3. ↑ Volker Henn : Failed fair foundations in the 14th and 15th centuries, In: Peter Johanek and Heinz Stoob (eds.) European trade fairs and market systems in the Middle Ages and modern times, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 1996, pp. 205–222.
  4. ^ A b Franz Irsigler, Market and trade fair privileges on imperial territory in the Middle Ages, In: The Privilege in European Comparison, Barbara Dölemeyer and Heinz Mohnhaupt (eds), Frankfurt am Main 1998 vol. II, pp. 189–214, here p. 201
  5. ↑ Erich Meuthen (Ed.): Aachener Urkunden 1101–1250, Bonn 1972, No. 3 pp. 123–127, here p. 125
  6. ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Moenofrancofortanus. Document book of the imperial city of Frankfurt am Main, ed. by JF Boehmer, edited by F. Lau, Vol. 2, Frankfurt 1905, pp. 1314-1340
  7. ^ Johannes Fried (ed.), Die Frankfurter Messe, Frankfurt am Main 1990, p. 5
  8. ↑ General information on the Leipziger Messe, Leipzig City of Wa (h) ren miracles. 500 years of imperial trade fair privilege, Leipzig 1997

literature