Bockenem
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Coordinates: 52 ° 0 ' N , 10 ° 8' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Hildesheim | |
| Height : | 110 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 109.5 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 9855 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 90 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 31167 | |
| Area code : | 05067 | |
| License plate : | HI, ALF | |
| Community key : | 03 2 54 008 | |
| LOCODE : | DE CKK | |
City administration address : |
Buchholzmarkt 1 31167 Bockenem |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Rainer Block (non-party) | |
| Location of the city of Bockenem in the Hildesheim district | ||
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Bockenem [ ˈboː.kəˌnɛm ] is a town in the center of Ambergau , in the Hildesheim district in Lower Saxony ( Germany ). On January 1, 2015, 4,300 people lived in the core town of Bockenem and 10,428 in the entire urban area with all connected districts.
geography
Geographical location
Bockenem and the surrounding villages belonging to its urban area are located in Ambergau. This measures around nine by ten kilometers and is part of the basin landscape of the northwestern Harz foreland. The Ambergau basin is traversed in a south-north direction by the Nette and limited on its north side by the Rees-Wein-Buchberg-Zug, in the south by the Jerzer Höhenzug, in the east by the Hainberg and the Brown Heath and in the south-west by the Harplage . The distance on the federal highway B 243 to the Harz border town of Seesen in the south is 16 kilometers and that to the north to the episcopal city of Hildesheim, which is also the seat of the district, is 25 kilometers.
City structure
The political structure of today's city of Bockenem was created on March 1, 1974 in the course of the regional and administrative reforms at that time. The independent town of Bockenem was merged with all the surrounding villages in Ambergau and at the same time the political division of this area into a Hildesheimer Ambergau on the left and a Brunswick on the right of the Nette was eliminated. The following villages belong to Bockenem (their number of inhabitants in brackets on January 1, 2015): Bönnien (472), Bornum (1161), Bültum (136), Groß Ilde (196), Hary (339), Jerze (175), Klein Ilde (61), Königsdahlum (372), Mahlum (493), Nette (421), Ortshausen (236), Schlewecke (562), Störy (230), Upstedt (217), Volkersheim (853), Werder (118) and Wohlenhausen (86).
Neighboring communities
Bockenem's political neighboring communities are Holle in the north , Seesen in the south, Lamspringe in the west and Bad Salzdetfurth in the north- west, and Lutter am Barenberge in the east .
history
With regard to their early settlement history, Bockenem and the entire core area of the Ambergau belong to the first conquest time before 600 AD. The first written mention of the village of bukenem dates from 1154, when ownership of the Riechenberg monastery in Goslar was confirmed. An earlier information from the year 1131 with which earlier claims to property should be asserted has proven to be a forgery. The early spellings of the place name are bukenem, bukeneím, bokenum and bukenem. They are interpreted as "home in a beech forest". The upgrading of the centrally located village of Bockenem in Ambergau to a town took place within a lengthy process. It ended on October 16, 1300 with the granting of city rights under Hildesheim and Goslar law by Count Konrad I and Johann I von Wohldenberg. As early as 1314, however, Johann I von Wohldenberg sold his young town to the Hildesheim bishop Heinrich II. Before that, he had terminated the Wohldenberg's feudal rights to the Gandersheim monastery on March 15, 1314.
From that year 1314 until 1523, Bockenem belonged to the duchy of Hildesheim. Its location on its southern border against the area of the Duchy of Braunschweig resulted in rapid internal expansion and the construction of a fortification with city walls, towers, ramparts and moats in the following decades. The area enclosed by the city wall measured about 400 × 400 meters. In the course of the 14th and 15th centuries, the city experienced an economic boom with the formation of numerous guilds. Trade connections existed mainly to Hildesheim and Braunschweig. In accordance with its economic and political importance, the city joined the Saxon Hanseatic League on April 10, 1427.
This positive development, which can also be described as the heyday, ended with the outbreak of the Hildesheim collegiate feud in 1519, in which the Diocese of Hildesheim and the Duchy of Braunschweig faced each other. The war dragged on for three years and left severe damage. For Bockenem there was also a city fire in 1522 that cremated three quarters of all buildings. At the time of the peace treaty in 1523, Bockenem came to the Duchy of Braunschweig, where it remained until 1643. During this time the city became Protestant after a visit by the reformer Johannes Bugenhagen on October 19, 1542. During this time in Braunschweig, the Thirty Years' War fell , which left considerable destruction in the city and its surrounding area, demanded high contributions from it and, on top of that, brought the plague. The population decreased by a third. After a separate peace concluded on April 9, 1643, Bockenem and the villages to the west of the Nette fell back to the Diocese of Hildesheim, while the six villages to the right of the river remained near Braunschweig. This political division of the Ambergau lasted until 1974.
The following period up to around 1850 brought the most severe city fires in 1685, 1785 and 1847, which repeatedly set the city back in its development, making it less important. The consequences of the fire of April 9, 1847, in which 235 of the 325 residential buildings were completely cremated, were not remedied until 1870. From then on, an upswing set in again, but Bockenem's arable character was retained. With the tower clock factory Weule, a sugar and a canning factory, the first industrial operations came into being, and in 1887 the city was connected to the rail link between Derneburg and Seesen . The residential development did not go beyond the former medieval city fortifications until 1870. The population reached 1,900 at that time and rose to around 2,400 by the turn of the century.
In its central position between Seesen and Hildesheim, Bockenem retained its character as a small town. In the time of National Socialism it was considered a stronghold of the National Socialists. The consequences of the Second World War resulted in a doubling of the population, the bankruptcy of the large companies that had dominated the area up to that point, but also numerous start-ups and, from the 1960s, a considerable expansion of settlements. Since the turn of the millennium, the city has suffered from demographic change, the associated loss of population, the emigration of younger people and the significant slump in traditional business life.
Population development in Bockenem
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religion
From a religious point of view, the majority of the population belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Church. The spatial focus is the church area behind the market on the Papenberg with St. Pankratius, the parish hall and the former superintendent, in which the apartment of the city pastor and the parish office are located. The small Catholic community is now looked after by the Seesen parish. In the St. Clement Church in the street Am Alten Friedhof, however, services continue to take place. Smaller communities exist in the core city with the New Apostolic Church and the Adventists and in Bornum with a free Christian community. The Evangelical Lutheran congregations in the villages have had to go through structural changes.
- Church building in Bockenem
St. Pancras Church
St. Clement's Church
politics
City council
The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:
| City Council of Bockenem | ||||||||
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| Faction / group | CDU | SPD | UWG | GREEN | Independent | total | ||
| Seats | 11 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 24 | ||
| Share of votes | 45.2% | 36.1% | 9.5% | 4.4% | 3.7% | 100% | ||
mayor
The population elected Rainer Block (non-party) as full-time mayor.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the city of Bockenem shows a shield, split in gold and red, covered with a silver sloping bar, which is tinned at the bottom.
Town twinning
Partnerships with other cities exist with Thornbury in the UK , Zawadzkie in Poland and with Güntersberge in Saxony-Anhalt in the eastern Harz region.
Culture and sights
Museum of Time
The “Museum of Time” on the market shows exhibits from the production of the former JF Weule factory in Bockenem .
Buildings
As a half-timbered town with a substance that almost entirely dates back to the period after 1847, Bockenem has been a member of the “Deutsche Fachwerkstrasse” city association since 1990. Here it is a stop on the regional route "From the Elbe to the Harz". The outstanding sights in the historic old town are the market, the town church of St. Pankratius, the tower clock museum, the former superintendent and in the corner of the street the chapel of the Holy Spirit and the former Beguinenhaus standing next to it .
The exterior of the Gothic hall church of St.Pankratius corresponds to the church consecrated on September 16, 1403. Destroyed in the town fire in 1847, it was rebuilt in 1850, the last renovation in 2013/14.
The former superintendent is the oldest secular property in the city. It dates from the year 1523 with an extension from 1584. The building with rich beam carvings and compartments set in different patterns is a listed building, as is large parts of the entire old town. Imperial General Tilly lived in the building in 1626 during the Thirty Years' War, and later probably Wallenstein as well .
The former medieval village was located in the southwest of the old town. The Heiliggeistkapelle and the Beguinenhaus were built on its place around 1350, in which older single women lived until very recently. The historical blast furnace on the former Wilhelmshütte in Bornum, the former castle in Volkersheim, which houses a DRK retirement home, and natural history with the Dillsgraben northwest of Königsdahlum, which is considered to be the largest sinkhole in Lower Saxony, are important sights of the surrounding village villages . and the thousand-year-old linden tree on Thieplatz in Upstedt.
- Sights in Bockenem
Old pharmacy
Fallen times 1870/71
Regular events
The culture shop on the market organizes regular cultural events in the city, and the church music in St.Pankratius is significant, especially the concerts on the large Engelhardt organ. The annual market includes a large martini market in November, the Christmas village during Advent and a spring market in April. Every other year (always an odd one) there is the Bockenem Hanseatic Days and every five years in a different village the Ambergau Days. The Ambergau field days, which are held every second year, also met with a great response.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
The economic structure of the city is largely determined by the industrial companies Meteor , Betonbau, Indunorm and HAW-Linings in Bornum. The Meteor Elastomer Solutions GmbH (ehem. Toyoda Gosei Meteor) approx employs 1,100 workers and mainly produces sealing systems of rubber for the automotive industry. Betonbau supplies various concrete room cells with a focus on transformer stations. The company employs 200 people. Indunorm manufactures machine components, employs around 100 people, and HAW-Linings in Bornum is active in the field of corrosion protection for large containers and tank wagons. The company employs around 200 people. The city also has a number of medium-sized companies, numerous service companies and a wide range of crafts. There is an industrial area and a spacious commercial area close to the motorway with additional expansion and settlement options. The majority of those employed on the labor market are industrial workers. The area around the city is characterized by agriculture.
traffic
Bockenem is located on the B 243 federal road and has a connection to the A 7 motorway named after the place . On the partially disused railway line between Bornum and Derneburg, the company HAW-Linings still operates factory traffic. A historical steam train runs on this route several times a year as a museum railway. The two metropolitan areas of Hanover and Braunschweig in the north are easily accessible via the motorway at a distance of 60 and 45 kilometers respectively. Göttingen in the south is 65 kilometers away on the motorway.
Infrastructure
The infrastructural facilities of the city show no deficits. There is a secondary school up to grade 10. The city center itself has two kindergartens, and there are four day-care centers in the villages. The medical care can be described as good with three doctor and dental practices, three pharmacies, a deaconry station and other care offers. There are three retirement homes in the city center and three more in the villages, all with care facilities. The city has several sports facilities and maintains a well known and well accepted outdoor swimming pool.
Personalities
- Karl-Heinz Bädje, born on March 27, 1917; he died on March 1, 1998. Honorary citizen of the city in 1991 and founder of the Meteor company.
- Henriette Schrader-Breymann , born on September 14, 1827 in Mahlum, died on August 25, 1899 in Wolfenbüttel. Pioneer of the kindergarten system in Germany and early women's rights activist.
- Friedrich Buchholz, Mayor of Bockenem from 1827 to 1865, also worked there as a lawyer. Born on May 9, 1802 in Hildesheim , studied law at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , there in 1823 as Dr. jur. PhD. During his term of office the reconstruction of Bockenem fell after the severe fire on April 9, 1847. Author of the history of Bockenem published in 1843 (reprint 1975). Died in Bockenem on February 6, 1865. The centrally located Buchholzmarkt was named after him.
- The painter Ernst Deger was born on April 15, 1809 in Bockenem . He died on January 27, 1885 in Düsseldorf . Important church painter, especially in the Rhineland.
- The geologist Hans-Joachim Martini was born on January 5, 1908 in Bockenem ; fatal accident on October 22, 1969, eminent geologist, President of the Federal Institute for Soil Research. The Professor-Martini-Strasse in Bockenem was named after him.
- Johann Schwartzkopff, born on November 28, 1596 in Bockenem; died on November 27, 1658. Lawyer at the University of Helmstedt and from 1646 Chancellor in the Duchy of Braunschweig.
- Johann Friedrich Weule, born April 19, 1811 in Alt Wallmoden; died on October 12, 1897 in Bockenem. Founder of the tower clock factory JF Weule .
- Carl Lüer († September 20, 1969 in Frankfurt am Main) was born on August 14, 1897 in Bockenem . He was NS-Wehrwirtschaftsführer, deputy head of the Reich Chamber of Commerce and NSDAP member of the Reichstag.
literature
- Friedrich Buchholz: History of Bockenem . Hildesheim 1843.
- Ursula-Barbara Dittrich: Document book of the city of Bockenem 1275–1539 , Hanover 2000
- Manfred Klaube: Bockenem im Ambergau - A new version and update of the history of the city . Bockenem 2010.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ http://www.bockenem.de/wahl/gw2016.html
- ↑ https://www.turmuhrenmuseum-bockenem.de/
- ↑ Timetable. In: dbg-hildesheim.de. Retrieved October 30, 2016 .
Alfeld (Leine) | Algermissen | Bad Salzdetfurth | Bockenem | Diekholzen | Duingen | Eime | Elze | Freden (leash) | Giesen | Gronau (Leine) | Harsum | Hildesheim | Holle | Lamspringe | Nordstemmen | Sarstedt | Ringed | Sibbesse | Söhlde
Bonnia | Bornum | Bültum | Groß Ilde | Hary | Jerze | Small Ilde | King's Dahlum | Mahlum | Nice | Ortshausen | Schlewecke | Störy | Upstedt | Volkersheim | Werder | Wohlenhausen