Carl Lüer
Carl Heinrich August Lüer (born August 14, 1897 in Bockenem , † September 20, 1969 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a Nazi military economic leader , deputy head of the Reich Chamber of Commerce and a member of the Reichstag .
School, apprenticeship, military service and self-study
As the son of master mason Albert Lüer and his wife Wilhelmine Jasper, he attended elementary and middle school. From 1911 he began a commercial apprenticeship and then worked as an accountant. As a correspondent he worked in Bockenem in the canning factory Ambergau GmbH.
From 1915 to 1918 the participant in the First World War was on foot in the 1st Guard Regiment, which was stationed in Potsdam . He was wounded several times during the war. After the war he began further training with self-study so that he could take the school leaving examination. From 1919 to 1920 he worked for the company Todter Hamburg / Hanover, which was active in the mediation of shops with customary products and potash products.
Studies and banking
He then moved to Frankfurt am Main and worked from 1921 to 1924 in the local branch of Commerz- und Privatbank AG. Working, he began studying economics and social sciences at the University of Frankfurt, which he in 1924 with the promotion of Dr. rer. pole. finished. This was followed by several years of employment in the bank and on the stock exchange, where he dealt with economic, political and financial issues. In doing so, he is preparing for exams for admission as an auditor and auditor. From 1926 he became a répétiteur and assistant at the University of Frankfurt.
Career in the NSDAP
In the years 1926 to 1927 he turned to the nationalist movement and in December 1927 joined the NSDAP . This marked the beginning of his career in the National Socialist Party, which opened up numerous opportunities for academics of his age. In the Hesse-Nassau Gau of the NSDAP, he took over the leadership of the industry section of the NS Working Group for Corporate Economic Design. Furthermore, for two years he is in charge of the editorial department of the business section of the National Socialist newspaper Frankfurter Volksblatt .
In November 1929 he was elected to the Frankfurt City Council for the NSDAP . As head of the NSDAP's Southwest Intelligence Service, he was employed from September to early December 1932. With the " seizure of power " by the NSDAP in January 1933, Lüer became one of the future functionaries of the National Socialists who were to take over command posts in the National Socialist German Reich . In March 1933 he became deputy chairman of the Frankfurt city council and chaired several working committees.
Command post in the Nazi regime
Under pressure from Gauleiter Jakob Sprenger , Lüer became first acting president on April 1, 1934, and then full-time president of the Frankfurt / Main Chamber of Commerce from May 29, 1934. From June 1933 to the end of June 1934 he was appointed trustee of work for the area of Hesse , with which he should initiate measures for job creation. In July 1933 he became a member of the General Council of Economy . From September 1933 to the end of 1942 he was "elected" President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry for the Rhine-Main area , based in Frankfurt / Main. In this capacity, Lüer was one of the founding members of the National Socialist Academy for German Law by Hans Franks . Parallel to his work as President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, he was President of the Rhein-Mainischer Industrie- und Handelstag from late September 1933 to late November 1934. After the chambers were dissolved, he became President of the Rhein-Main Gauwirtschaftskammer in 1943 , followed by Hermann Gamer .
In 1933 he was also appointed Gauinspector z. b. V. appointed to head the Gaus Hessen-Süd of the NSDAP. In March 1934 he became head of the main group IX Handel , which later became part of the Reichsgruppe Handel .
Member of the Reichstag and professor in Frankfurt
From November 1933 to May 7, 1943 he was sent to the Reichstag by the NSDAP for constituency 19 . In April 1934 he was posted to the top management positions of the Nazi regime, when he was appointed leader of the main trade group of the General Association of German Business. Just a month later he held the position of district leader of the Reichsgruppe Industrie in Hessen. He was appointed honorary professor at the University of Frankfurt in July 1934.
Operations manager at Opel AG
In the same year membership in the advisory board and the post of deputy head of the Reich Chamber of Commerce followed. At Adam Opel AG , he became a member of the supervisory board in 1935 , and then rose to become chairman of the supervisory board and manager for personnel issues at Opel in 1941 . On November 25th, he also took over the administration of the Opel plant, although the owners of the company in Detroit still had significant decision-making powers. This power constellation led the Gestapo to intervene in the German top management, although Lüer was spared as an " old fighter " of the NSDAP and holder of the golden party badge .
On the board of Dresdner Bank and the end of the war
After he was promoted to military economics leader in January 1938, he became a member of the board of directors of Dresdner Bank from April 1938 to June 1941. After leaving Opel, he returned to the board of directors of Dresdner Bank in 1943, and then left the bank at the end of the war . Internment by the British occupying forces followed. In 1947 he was still managing director of a hydraulic engineering company in Hanover.
His past caught up with him in October to December 1947, when he was again interned by the US occupation forces in Nuremberg. The witness and former Vice President of the Reichsbank , Kurt Lange , was summoned in the Wilhelmstrasse trial to testify about Lüer's position at Dresdner Bank. Lange reported on a conversation with Lüer in which he had informed him that Dresdner Bank would not be in conflict with the goals of the NSDAP. Finally, Lüer found a job in banking again in the following years when he became a representative of a Turkish bank in Frankfurt.
Fonts
- Organic economic conception - lecture on behalf of the National Socialist Working Group for Professional Economic Design on April 21, 1933 , Frankfurt / Main 1933
- The entrepreneur as administrator of the national wealth ; Berlin 1935
- Rhein-Mainisches Verwaltungs- und Wirtschafts- Handbuch , Darmstadt 1935
- The income statement of the commercial and transport companies - fixed for Professor Dr. Dr. hc Josef Hellauer on his 65th birthday , as editor with Reinhold Henzler, Frankfurt / Main 1936
- The habitat of German trade , Reichsgruppe Handel, Berlin 1936
- Four years of National Socialist economic management in the Rhine-Main area , Frankfurt / Main 1937
- Trade as a value-creating factor in the national economy - Lecture on the day the Leipzig Trade Fair opened on February 28, 1937, to representatives of the press on behalf of the Reichsgruppe Industrie, Berlin 1937
- Colonial supplementary economy , Berlin 1938
- Internal and foreign trade , Berlin 1938
- Six years of development work in the Hesse economic area , Frankfurt / Main 1940
- The new West and the war tasks of the Hessian economy , Frankfurt / Main 1941
literature
- Hermann AL Degner: Who is it? . Berlin 1935
- Johannes Bähr: The Dresdner Bank in the economy of the Third Reich . Munich 2006
- Ernst Klee : Personal Lexicon for the Third Reich . Frankfurt / Main 2003
- Joachim Lilla: extras in uniform . Düsseldorf 2004
- Henry Ashby Turner: General Motors and the Nazis - The Struggle for Opel . Berlin 2006 (Translation by General Motors and the Nazis. The struggle for Control of Opel, Europa's Biggest Carmaker . New Haven 2005)
Web links
- Literature by and about Carl Lüer in the catalog of the German National Library
- Newspaper article about Carl Lüer in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
- Carl Lüer in the database of members of the Reichstag
- Manfred Köhler: " IHK Frankfurt in the" Third Reich ". Treason of merchants' honor ”, FAZ , May 13, 2008
Individual evidence
- ^ Yearbook of the Academy for German Law, 1st year 1933/34. Edited by Hans Frank. (Munich, Berlin, Leipzig: Schweitzer Verlag), p. 255
- ↑ Hermann Teschewar, Handbook of the structure of trade and industry, Volume II, Reich Group Commerce, Leipzig 1936, page 9
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lüer, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lüer, Carl Heinrich August (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German politician (NSDAP), MdR, NS-Wehrwirtschaftsführer, deputy head of the Reich Chamber of Commerce and Member of the Reichstag |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 14, 1897 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bockenem |
| DATE OF DEATH | 20th September 1969 |
| Place of death | Frankfurt am Main |