Eitzum (Despetal)

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Eitzum
Coat of arms of Eitzum
Coordinates: 52 ° 4 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 50 ′ 56 ″  E
Height : 165 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.05 km²
Residents : 525  (Nov. 1, 2016)
Population density : 87 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : March 1, 1974
Incorporated into: Despetal
Postal code : 31035
Area code : 05182
Eitzum (Lower Saxony)
Eitzum

Location of Eitzum in Lower Saxony
ev.-luth. St. Martini Chapel
ev.-luth. St. Martini Chapel

Eitzum is a district of the small town of Gronau (Leine) in the Hildesheim district in Lower Saxony .

geography

Eitzum is located southwest of Hildesheim and east of Gronau between the Weser Uplands Nature Park in the west and the somewhat distant Harz in the east. Immediately northeast of the former municipality is the Hildesheim Forest , south of it the Seven Mountains .

history

After it was initially assumed that Eitzum was first mentioned in a document in 1022, recent research has shown that Eitzum already appears in a document from Bishop Bernward of Hildesheim from 996 under the name "Ekihem". In 996 the bishop transferred land in Ekihem to the Kreuzkapelle which he founded in the same year and which is later replaced by the Michaeliskirche in Hildesheim. "Ekihem, quantum ebi possidemus, ...", d. H. "... as much land as we have here." Place name researchers agree that "Ekihem" means something like "Eichheim", ie living space near the oaks. In 1013 and 1022 Eitzum was mentioned as Eizem . In later documents Eitzum is also referred to as Eicem or Ecem. In the Middle Ages, the village belonged to the Michaeliskloster in Hildesheim and then to the Marienrode monastery , which owned an estate in Eitzum. A document made in 1282 shows that the church in neighboring Eberholzen received interest from a farm in Eitzum. At that time there was another village between Eitzum and Eberholzen, but it was mentioned as a desert as early as 1317 .

In the north of the village, in a small green area, there is a memorial for miners who worked in the Hildesia-Mathildenhall potash plant in Diekholzen . The plant existed from 1906 to 1963 and the workers walked the route from Eitzum every day. In 1937 and 1939 there were mine accidents in which there were deaths to complain, u. a. also from the districts of today's Despe valley. A memorial with the coats of arms of Eitzum, Barfelde and Nienstedt commemorates the foundation of the Despetal community in 1974.

The Protestant chapel is in the old town center of Eitzum. It was built from rubble stones, probably in the 15th century, and rebuilt in the 17th and 18th centuries. The tower is possibly considerably older than the nave and probably also served as a defensive tower, as indicated by loopholes in its lower part. In 1983/84 the chapel, which has a barrel vault and around 70 seats, was reconstructed in the shape of 1739. Inside are u. a. the wooden pulpit from 1584 and the altarpiece from the first half of the 17th century are noteworthy. The octagonal sandstone baptismal font from 1611 with reliefs is also striking.

Since the Reformation , almost all the inhabitants of today's Despe Valley have been Protestants, but when many refugees and displaced persons settled in Eitzum after the Second World War , the call for a Catholic Church was loud. In 1951 the Catholic St. Joseph's Chapel on the southern edge of the village was opened by Vicar General Dr. Offenstein inaugurated as an “emergency church”. It was a wooden chapel that was built in 1946 in Gronau for the British Air Force, removed and rebuilt in Eitzum. It was replaced in 1956/57 by today's stone building with around 70 seats, a barrel vault and a roof turret provided with slats . Behind the altar from 1965, the large altarpiece, painted in earth colors, is particularly noteworthy: It shows the gathering of displaced people and locals under the cross of Christ, with the Leine valley on the right and the landscape around the Silesian town of Waldenburg on the left . In 2013 the chapel belonging to the parish of St. Joseph in Gronau was profaned .

At the beginning of the 20th century Eitzum had 421 inhabitants.

In 1901 the Elze – Bodenburg railway , also known as the Lower Saxony Almetal Railway , was inaugurated. It ran south of Barfelde and - in places in a cut - north of Eitzum and Nienstedt. A train station each was built on this railway line in Eitzum and Barfelde. From 1966 the line was closed.

Some time ago, the municipality of Gronau (Leine) was looking for areas that could be used for wind energy. Despetal, the area favored by the municipality, is located between the villages of Heinum, Eitzum and Eberholzen. There are citizens' movements who oppose the plans because they consider the planned area to be too small and fear that the wind turbines would have to go very close to the built-up area.

Incorporations

The formerly independent municipality of Eitzum was incorporated into the municipality of Despetal on March 1, 1974 .

On November 1, 2016 Despetal was incorporated into the enlarged city of Gronau (Leine) . At the same time the town of Gronau was a member of the merger by the likewise on November 1, 2016 Samtgemeinden Duingen and Gronau (Leine) incurred Samtgemeinde Leinebergland .

politics

City Councilor and Mayor

Since November 1, 2016, Eitzum has been represented at the municipal level by the City Council of Gronau (Leine).

coat of arms

The draft municipal coat of arms of the municipality Eitzum comes from the heraldic coat of arms painter peoples Gustav , which all arms in the Hanover region has designed. The municipality of Eitzum was awarded the local coat of arms on May 6, 1939 by the President of the Province of Hanover . The district administrator from Alfeld presented it on May 26th of the same year.

Coat of arms of Eitzum
 Blazon : "A red oblique left bar on gold , covered with a continuous golden meander band , the interweaving of which is designed in the form of a swastika ."
Foundation of the coat of arms: The village of Eitzum lies in the middle of a prehistoric, richly occupied landscape. Early Germanic barrows can be found near the village. These facts make the adoption of the meander ribbon, which is used again and again in Germanic ornamentation, in the coat of arms seem well-founded.

traffic

  • Eitzum is connected to the road network via country roads with federal highways 3 and 1 .
  • Every working day, Eitzum is connected to Alfeld and Hildesheim by bus via Sibbesse .

literature

  • Ernst August Strüber (text), Martin Klauss (photos): Despetal then and now. Contributions to the history of Barfelde, Eitzum and Nienstedt. Ed .: Community Despetal, Harsum: Druckhaus Köhler, 361 pages with numerous illustrations, (undated, 2012?), ISBN 978-3-938385-44-9 .

Web links

Commons : Eitzum  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lower Saxony State Administration Office (ed.): Municipal directory for Lower Saxony . Municipalities and municipality-free areas. Self-published, Hanover January 1, 1973, p. 28 ( digital copy [PDF; 21.3 MB ; accessed on September 17, 2019] Alfeld district (Leine) ).
  2. ↑ Population figures 2016. (PDF; 14 kB) In: Internet site Samtgemeinde Leinebergland. November 1, 2016, accessed June 24, 2019 .
  3. ^ Community Despetal: History of Eitzum. In: Internet site for the Leinebergland community. Retrieved September 17, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Information on the history of Eitzum: Information board at the entrance to the village.
  5. ↑ Information on St. Joseph's Chapel: Information board in the anteroom of the chapel.
  6. ↑ Max Broesike, Wilhelm Keil (eds.): Neumann's Gazetteer lexicon of the German Reich . Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1905, p. 231 .
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p.  204 .
  8. ↑ Lower Saxony State Chancellery (Ed.): Law on the unification of the communities of Banteln, Betheln, Brüggen, Despetal, Rheden and the city of Gronau (Leine) as well as on the new formation of the Duingen area and the Leinebergland community, Hildesheim district . Lower Saxony Law and Ordinance Gazette (Nds. GVBl.). No.  22/2015 . Hanover December 15, 2015, p. 399-400 ( Digitalisat ( Memento of 13 May 2019 Internet Archive ) [PDF; 278 kB ; accessed on June 29, 2019] pp. 17–18).
  9. ↑ District of Hanover (ed.): Wappenbuch district of Hanover . Self-published, Hanover 1985.
  10. ^ A b Wilhelm Barner : Coat of arms and seal of the Alfeld district . Rebinding. Lax GmbH & Co. KG, Hildesheim 1998 ( digitized version of the text part of the first edition from 1940 [PDF; 10.0 MB ; accessed on June 10, 2019]).