Sankt Andreasberg

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Mining town of Sankt Andreasberg
City of Braunlage
Coat of arms of the mountain town of Sankt Andreasberg [1]
Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 38 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 600 m
Area : 9.85 km²
Residents : 1601  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 163 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : November 1, 2011
Postal code : 37444
Primaries : 05582, 05520
Mining town of Sankt Andreasberg [1] (Lower Saxony)
Mining town of Sankt Andreasberg [1]

Location of Bergstadt Sankt Andreasberg in Lower Saxony
Glockenberg and Oberstadt, taken from the Jordanshöhe. In the background the large tubers
Glockenberg and Oberstadt, taken from the Jordanshöhe . In the background the large tubers

Sankt Andreasberg ( [zaŋkt anˈdʀeasˌbɛʁk] ? / I ) (also St. Andreasberg , official name Bergstadt Sankt Andreasberg ) is a formerly free mining town in the Upper Harz and has been part of the newly formed town of Braunlage in the Goslar district since November 1st, 2011 . Audio file / audio sample

Sankt Andreasberg is a climatic health resort (from 1965 to 2010 a climatic health resort ; e.g. individual provider for therapeutic fasting and fasting hiking ) in the Harz National Park . The health resort and tourism play an important economic role.

geography

location

Mountain panorama, from left: Rehberg , Achtermannshöhe , Brocken , Wurmberg
West panorama of the upper town, taken from Galgenberg
South panorama taken from Matthias-Schmidt-Berg
Northeast panorama taken from the Jordanshöhe

Sankt Andreasberg is located between Braunlage in the east, Herzberg am Harz in the west, Bad Lauterberg in the south and Clausthal-Zellerfeld and Altenau in the northwest in the Harz Nature Park on the edge of the Harz National Park . Sankt Andreasberg is "enclosed" by the non-parish Harz region . The mountain town is located directly south of the source of the Sperrlutter (near the Glückaufklippen ) on the Jordanshöhe , which passes the town immediately to the west and flows south to the Oder . The Trutenbeek flows into this in the southeastern part of the Oderhaus district .

The local area is framed in a southern semicircle by Galgenberg ( 594.3  m ), Glockenberg ( 627  m ), Matthias-Schmidt-Berg ( 663  m ) and Beerberg ( 658.1  m ) and extends in the north up to the Jordanshöhe ( 723  m ). In this direction, in the somewhat distant district of Sonnenberg, you will find the two Sonnenberge (max. 853.4  m ) and the Rehberg ( 893  m ). The Schlosskopf ( 623.5  m ) is located near the Oderhaus .

Because of their topographical position at the upper end of the elongated Sperrluttertals is Annerschbarrich , the native name, from the lower town (500- 590  m above sea level.  NN ) - Old Town, point the city was founded - and the Upper Town (590- 720  m ). The mountain town is surrounded by protected mountain meadows , forests and mountains.

  • The "Schwalbenherd" leads to the Galgenberg

  • North view on a sunny day

  • North view on a foggy day

  • View to the upper town

  • Upper Town

  • Downtown in winter

  • South entrance to the village

  • South view from Matthias-Schmidt-Berg in winter

geology

Due to the extensive mining in and around Sankt Andreasberg (see history ), the place is often mentioned as a place of discovery of various minerals , for example galena , arsenolite (rare), samsonite (very rare), pyrargyrite (rare), chlorargyrite or stephanite (rare ), Stilbit .

Local division

The districts of Sonnenberg , Odertaler Sägemühle , Oderhaus , Oderberg , Oderbrück and Silberhütte, a little further away, belong to Sankt Andreasberg .

history

The first pits and a first settlement were probably built in the 12th century under the direction of the monks of the Cistercian Abbey of Walkenried . Slag heaps and heaps of debris prove that mining continued in the area around Andreasberg until the plague depopulated the area in the mid-14th century . It is not known whether this settlement already bore the name Sankt Andreasberg, but the monks already named a mountain after the patron saint of mining “St. Andrews Mountain ”.

The first documentary mention found so far (in the genitive: "sanct AndrewsBerges") in a letter from Count Heinrich zu Stolberg to Dietrich von Witzleben dates back to November 3, 1487. The town was founded around the market . Probably the first silver mines were the St. Andreaskreuz mine at the foot of the Beerberg and the St. Andreas mine on the market square.

1521 was the Count Heinrich and Ernst of Hohnstein the mountain freedom issue. It was announced in the Mansfelder Land and the mining areas of Saxony and asked the miners to mine for silver and other metals in Sankt Andreasberg. Since the desired influx did not materialize, a second mountain freedom was issued in 1527, which attracted miners from the Ore Mountains to the young settlement through further privileges . In 1535, Sankt Andreasberg was granted city rights. At that time around 800 miners were working in 116 mines. Further residential buildings were built on the Waschegrund in the immediate vicinity of the St. Andreaskreuz mine, then in the area of ​​today's upper and lower town. The nucleus of the flourishing miners' settlement was the market square, Haldenstrasse (today Halde) and Breite Strasse. The town hall, police with prison, pharmacy, court and various traders were located there. The oldest buildings in the mountain town are the Pochknabenschule (Haus Lämmerhirtsgasse) and the buildings on Mühlenstraße and Halde.

Around 1575 St. Andreasberg already had 2500 inhabitants and at that time it was the largest settlement in the Upper Harz. The Andreasberger Silberhütte, built before 1550, experienced an economic high point in its history with an annual production of 1.6 tons of incendiary silver, which, after a long phase of decline, it was only to reach and exceed again at the beginning of the 18th century. The ups and downs of ore and metal yields, which were always below the yields of neighboring mining locations such as Clausthal , were characteristic of mining in St. Andreasberg . In 400 years of mining in St. Andreasberg, only 313 t of silver were produced, while the Clausthal-Zellerfelder Revier produced the same amount in around 20 years at the beginning of the 20th century. Probably this also provided an occasion to coin the silver initially minted in Ellrich , which was then minted into thalers in St. Andreasberg until 1593, in the Clausthal mint from 1623 onwards.

Because the first inhabitants came mainly from the Bohemian and Saxon Ore Mountains and the Mansfeld region , an Upper Harz dialect (see also: Erzgebirge ) has developed in Sankt Andreasberg , which is regionally limited to the mountain towns of the Upper Harz. The Upper Harz dialect is rarely heard in everyday life. Mainly members of the older generations are still proficient in it, so that articles in the Upper Harz dialect are occasionally printed in the local newspapers. As an example of the dialect , a saying is cited that a father is said to have brought to a new teacher in the 19th century, because the latter could not understand the Upper Harz dialect correctly ( Dos wants to be a teacher and does not ignore it! ) And wanted to abolish them too.

De Harzer Schprohch, which sounds suave,
and everyone can tell apart.
Se hott kä "ö" un hott kä "ü",
but it sounds chubby, late un frieh.
We are strange, because larnse ahch,
but you can do it, schtieh kän in Wahg.

After the Counts of Hohnstein died out in 1593, the Dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel were politically responsible for Sankt Andreasberg until 1617. Until 1665 it was the dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , followed by the Calenberg-Hanover line . From 1866 on, Sankt Andreasberg belonged to the Prussian Hanover and has been a municipality in Lower Saxony since 1946.

A large fire, caused by a lightning strike at today's Herrenstrasse 23, destroyed a total of 249 residential and 326 stable buildings, the Trinity Church, the administrative building, the town hall, the schoolhouse, the pharmacy, the apartments of the preachers, the town council, the mountain servants and the doctor on October 8, 1796 . 500 families lost all their homes in the storm and rainy weather. "A heavy thundercloud, accompanied by the most violent storm, settled on our city with the most terrible violence at noon, and a bolt of lightning, like a lump of fire, quickly set a building on fire, and spread the fire with such incredible fury and rapidity", wrote Pastor Primer Johann Heinrich Christoph Deichmann in the Hanoverian advertisements of October 21, 1796.

The church of the Protestant Martini congregation was only rebuilt as a simple wooden church with a small bell tower in 1809–1811. During the time of reconstruction, Halde 18 was used as a school and church.

In 1688 the bell tower was built on the Glockenberg next to the existing Hutmann building (night watchman and angler). The previous bell tower at the church had become dilapidated and the part of the city, which was in a southerly direction towards Matthias-Schmidt-Berg and in the Tambach valley, had been demolished and needed in the previous economic crisis (lack of wood, bad cracks, lack of money, plague) not to be "rung" any more. In 1833 this too was so dilapidated that the tower that still exists today was built right next to the building.

In 400 years of mining operations, over 300 pits for ore and silver mining have been created in and around Sankt Andreasberg. In the city and the surrounding area you can still meet numerous contemporary witnesses of the economically most important history of Sankt Andreasberg, u. a. the mining history and geology nature trail. The deepest mine was the Samson pit with 42 stretches (floors) and a total depth of "190 m below the level of the Baltic Sea", ie about 840 m. On December 11, 1777, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited Sankt Andreasberg to find out more about mining. He drove into the Samson Pit and noted in his diary: "I was very angry". In 1783 Goethe visited the mountain town again and hiked a. a. along the Rehberger trench.

Mining fell into a crisis from the middle of the 19th century and came to a standstill in 1910. At first, wood processing companies, lung sanatoriums and the emerging tourism and spa operations were able to reduce the economic consequences, but these branches of business largely came to a standstill in the course of the global economic crisis . As early as 1929, the election results of the NSDAP rose ; In the local elections that took place on March 5, 1933, the NSDAP achieved an absolute majority in the council of citizens. In the constituent session, the NSDAP immediately succeeded in eliminating the other parliamentary groups. Accordingly, a NSDAP member was elected acting mayor, the open space in front of the town hall was renamed Adolf-Hitler-Platz and Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler were declared honorary citizens. In the period that followed, emergency work was carried out on a large scale until 1935. It was only with the settlement of the armaments industry and the promotion of tourism that unemployment fell from the mid-1930s. In addition, an SA relief agency camp and an SA leadership school were set up. In the course of the city's anniversary in 1937, Viktor Lutze , the SA chief of staff, was made an honorary citizen, as the SA played a major role on the ground after 1934. After the start of the war, prisoners of war were deployed and, from 1942, over 1000 forced laborers were deployed in numerous companies, especially in the armaments factories.

The main place of work for the forced laborers was the former silver smelter. In October 1934, Federstahl AG Kassel, a subsidiary of Dortmunder Hoesch AG , acquired the Sankt Andreasberg silver smelter, which was closed in July 1912. Until 1929 the Harz factories "Glück Auf" (owner Rudolf Alberti from Goslar) mainly produced toys in the buildings. The newly founded Metallwerk Silberhütte GmbH also took over the further property of the Silberhütte (Vereinigte Werke Dr. Rudolf Alberti & Co., later Plant I), plus the building of the timber works and box factory Sankt Andreasberg GmbH at the Westbahnhof, later Plant II, as well as that of the Company CW Hertwig in the Sperrluttertal, later Plant III, which was leased to the Hoesch subsidiary Schmiedag. By the end of 1935, the Silberhütte metal works converted the halls in Works I and II for their own purposes and expanded them. From the spring of 1936, the Hoesch branch manufactured infantry ammunition in the premises it had taken over, mainly cartridges and loading strips for standard rifles of the Wehrmacht. From 1941, however, the buildings at the Westbahnhof were only used to accommodate mostly Russian slave laborers. At the end of December 1944, almost 1,200 people were employed in armaments production at the Silberhütte metal works, including 659 Eastern workers (137 men / 522 women) and 75 foreign workers (55 men / 20 women). In Plant III, Schmiedag AG manufactured artillery ammunition (7.5 cm and 10.5 cm caliber shells) from 1935 onwards, but the workforce only amounted to 263 people, 155 of whom were of foreign origin. The finished cases were delivered to the army ammunition facility in Kummersdorf near Berlin.

In addition to the armaments factories that existed before the start of the war, the Leybold's successor company was relocated from Cologne to Sankt Andreasberg. In April 1945 Sankt Andreasberg was exposed to bombing and fighting. The armaments factories were looted and the forced laborers were transported from Sankt Andreasberg until June 1945. The dismantling of the armaments works was completed by 1948.

The formerly free mountain town in the Upper Harz was the smallest independent town in Lower Saxony until it merged with Braunlage on November 1, 2011. The primary goal was to reduce costs through joint management.

Religions

The population of Sankt Andreasberg is traditionally predominantly Protestant. The Evangelical Lutheran Martini Church is located on the church square, its bell tower is about 1 km away on the Glockenberg. The parish belongs to the Harzer Land parish .

In 1927 the Catholic St. Bernward Chapel was built on Herrenstrasse, named after Bernward von Hildesheim . After 1945 it had become too small, and the property offered no possibility for a sufficiently large new building. In 1967 the St. Andreas Church was built on the edge of the spa park. Designed by Josef Fehlig , it is the highest church in the Hildesheim diocese . Since 2010 the church belongs to the parish of St. Benno in Bad Lauterberg . The St. Bernward Chapel was sold and today the restaurant “Zur kleine Kapelle” is located in it.

The New Apostolic Congregation St. Andreasberg was dissolved in 2005 and joined the Braunlage congregation .

Population development

Population development
year Residents
1821 3611
1848 4471
1871 3370
1885 3315
1905 3760
1925 3727
year Residents
1933 3279
1939 3351
1946 4799
1950 4806
1956 4270
1961 4096
year Residents
1968 3632
1970 3404
1975 3300
1980 2990
1985 2675
1990 2817
year Residents
1995 2635
2000 2339
2005 2043
2010 1719
2016 1745
2018 1601

(1968–2010 as of December 31; 2016 as of November 17)

politics

City Council until 2011

The council of the mountain town of Sankt Andreasberg last had twelve members and existed until November 1st, 2011 when it was incorporated into Braunlage.

Mayor

The mayor is Karl-Heinz Plosteiner (CDU).

Former mayor

A clue for the year the mountain town was built is a letter from the Osterode council from 1537 to the judge, mayor and council of St. Andreasberg. In this context, judges (mayors) and the city council were mentioned for the first time.

  • around 1900: Hermann Pasie
  • until September 30, 1908: Mr. Theuerkauf
  • around 1912–1914: Mr. H. Schwier
  • around 1918–1926: Mr. Wick
  • around 1927–1930: Mr. Foegen (provisional)
  • 1930-1. September 1933: Dr. Bothfeld (SPD / NSDAP), was dismissed on September 1, 1933 without entitlement to a pension
  • 1932: District committee inspector Ferdinand Ohm as state commissioner
  • September 1, 1933 - November 20, 1933: Gustaf Schell (acting) (NSDAP)
  • November 20, 1933 - January 18, 1943: Friedrich Maas (NSDAP)
  • July 2, 1943–1945: Herr von Malotki (NSDAP)
  • 1946–1949: Karl Neuse (SPD) alternating with Mr. Moser
  • 1949–1951: Moser
  • 1951–1952: Karl Neuse (SPD)
  • 1952–1954: Moser
  • 1954–1955: Thomas
  • 1955–1957: Moser
  • 1957–1961: Karl Neuse (SPD)
  • 1961–1962: Werner Grübmeyer ( CDU )
  • 1962–1963: Matzka
  • 1963–1991: Werner Grübmeyer (CDU)
  • 1991–1993: Hans Bahn ( FDP )
  • 1993–1996: Albert Kehr
  • 1996–2001: Werner Grübmeyer, resigned (CDU)
  • 2001 -0000: Hartmut Humm, determined by lottery as successor (CDU)
  • 2001–2011: Hans-Günter Schärf ( SPD )

coat of arms

Description : The 1st field (top right) shows the coat of arms of the Counts of Hohnstein, nested in red and silver, in a row of four with three places. The second field (top left) shows Saint Andreas in blue robe with the gold held at an angle Andrew's cross on a silver background. The third field (bottom right) symbolizes the gezähe of the miner ( hammer and chisel ) on silver reason the former main industry of the mountain town. The 4th field (bottom left) is divided, it shows in the upper part on a red background a golden lion with a blue tongue, which has raised the right front paw (in memory of the time when Heinrich the Lion was given the office of Count in the Harz) . In the lower part there are three golden bars on a red background (coat of arms of the County of Lutterberg-Scharzfeld).

  • City arms from 1938 to 1945

  • City arms of May 11, 1945 and July 4, 1951 and before 1938

  • City arms since July 11, 1951

The oldest known coat of arms dates from 1588 and is located in the State Archives Hanover . From 1938 to 1945, during the Nazi era , the image of St. Andrew in the city coat of arms had to be replaced by a neutral spruce. On May 11, 1945, the mayor appointed by the military government first reinstated the old official seal. The current coat of arms was approved on July 4, 1951.

Partnerships

Since 1973 there has been a town partnership with the French Touques , which was taken over by the town of Braunlage when it was incorporated in 2011. A youth exchange program has been taking place since 1965.

There are close friendly contacts between the citizens of Sankt Andreasberg and the village of Andreasberg in the Hochsauerland .

Culture and sights

Museums

Sports

Due to the altitude, Sankt Andreasberg (520–720 m) and Sonnenberg (800–850 m) are still reasonably snow-sure today. Sankt Andreasberg is an alpine ski center in the Harz , with three drag lifts on the Sonnenberg as well as two double chair lifts and two of the original three drag lifts at the " Matthias-Schmidt-Berg Ski Center ", which also has a summer toboggan run . In addition, since 2013 this mountain has offered the MSB-X-Trail, a mountain bike downhill course with six routes. The first snow tubing track in the Harz is located in the Teichtal. The trail system around Sankt Andreasberg covers 40 km and on the Sonnenberg offers a connection to Oderbrück / Torfhaus and the Ackerloipe / Altenau. Nordic walking , hiking , mountain biking and trekking are popular summer sports in the quiet surroundings of the mountain town of Sankt Andreasberg. There is also a high ropes course / climbing park in the spa park . The Oderteich in the Harz National Park is available in summer as a natural swimming area in its southern part.

Coming from Torfhaus and Oderteich , the Brocken bypass route of the almost 100 km long Harz Hexenstiege runs through the village and continues via Braunlage to Thale .

The mountain rescue is ensured throughout the year by the local mountain rescue service .

Several sports clubs in Sankt Andreasberg can look back on a long tradition. These include, for example, the Schützengesellschaft 1522 e. V. and the Turn und Sport-Club von 1861 e. V. After the success of the 1st Winter Festival in 1896, the Upper Harz Ski Club St. Andreasberg was founded on the Brocken, today's Ski Club St. Andreasberg from 1896 e. V.

Buildings

  • Bell tower , landmark of the mountain town (first building erected in 1688; demolished in 1835 and today's building erected)
  • Martini Church (wooden church), consecrated on November 10, 1811. In 1536 the Trinity Church was built on the same site, which fell victim to the great city fire in 1796.
  • St. Bernwards Chapel, popularly known as the “Little Chapel”, the last remaining prefabricated wooden church of its kind in Germany, built in 1927, used as a restaurant since 1985 to maintain the listed building.
  • Oderteich , one of the first dam structures in Germany and an important part of the Oberharzer Wasserregal world cultural heritage .
  • Rehberger Graben with the Rehberger Grabenhaus , over 300 years old ditch system for the water supply of the mining industry, also part of the Upper Harz water shelf.

astronomy

Almost natural view of the Milky Way , taken in the Harz observatory

Due to the favorable geographic location and the low population density, Sankt Andreasberg has an almost naturally dark night sky in some locations with a surface brightness of 21.75 mag / arcsec². For this reason, Andreasberg is one of the few locations in Germany that is particularly well suited for optical astronomy.

That is why astronomy enthusiasts founded the “ Sternwarte Sankt Andreasberg e. V. ”was founded with the aim of building a barrier-free observatory. There are also efforts to protect the site of the observatory as a star park .

In 2011, Sankt Andreasberg was included in the list of “StarParks” of the UNESCO- supported Starlight Initiative.

2014 of on the site of the International House Sonnenberg (IHS) , the observatory Saint Andrew Berg opened.

More Attractions

Natural monuments

Sankt Andreasberg is characterized by a multitude of habitats worthy of protection in the Harz National Park, but also around the city in the form of Upper Harz mountain meadows. In the national park located north-northwest of Sankt Andreasberg on the southeast slope of a wooded hill ( 721  m ) in Won balance the Dreibrodesteine (approximately  670  m ;  ⊙ ), three large blocks of granite , caused by Wollsackverwitterung. According to a legend, they were made from three loaves of bread from a heartless woman who refused to help a starving miner. With the words "My three loaves should be turned into stones" she ignored the miner and then the loaves grew into huge stones and pressed the woman into the mossy ground. The granite blocks should therefore be a warning against heartlessness. The stamping point 154 Dreibrodestein of the Harzer Wanderadel and a memorial for the forest workers and officials of the Andreasberg Forestry Office who fell in the World Wars is located on the three-pod stones .

  • Granite blocks: tripod stones

  • Chestnut group on the market square (ND-GS 42)

  • Glückaufklippe (formerly ND-GS 146)

Other natural monuments are a group of chestnuts on the market square (ND-GS 42) and the Diabaserguss in the district of Silberhütte (ND-GS 45). Already in 1783 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe examined the Hohe Klippen (formerly ND-GS 146) on the Rehberg above today's Goetheplatz on the Rehberger Graben, because he believed that there was evidence of his assumptions about the history of the earth. On the high cliffs, the border runs between the overburden, consisting of Grauwackehornfels , and the fine-grained granite granite below.

Regular events

Construction of the Easter fire on the Glockenberg
  • Big winter festival, since 1896 (January / February)
  • Big Easter fire on the Glockenberg
  • Walpurgis (April)
  • Meadow blossom festival with cow lift (June)
  • Midsummer Day (June)
  • Nordic Walking Weekend (once a month in the summer months)
  • Mountain festival at the Roter Bär pit (first Saturday in September)
  • Shooting festival
  • Harz deer call championships (during the rutting season )
  • European trailer driver meeting (August)
  • Competition and art exhibition "Nature - Man" (October), award of the Andreas Art Prize
  • Christmas market (1st weekend in Advent)
  • Sankt Andreasberger Telescope Meeting (STATT) (July / August)
  • Sankt Andreasberger junk tour (August)
  • The place is one of the eight places in which the tradition of the finch maneuver in the Harz , which has been recognized as an intangible world cultural heritage since 2014, is still cultivated.

Culinary specialties

The forests around Sankt Andreasberg are known by herb experts for wild garlic and medicinal herbs . The specialties include Harzer stewed sausage, Rammelse sausage and swivel potatoes. Popular pastries are the Cellische Kuchen and the Nickel, a Christmas cookie in the shape of a Santa Claus stick. Many potatoes used to be grown around Sankt Andreasberg. Almost every available slope was used for this, unless it was used as pasture.

watch TV

Sankt Andreasberg is the setting for the ARD crime series Harter Brocken .

Economy and Infrastructure

power supply

Sankt Andreasberg is (physically) largely fed with electricity from five small, decentralized Harz Energie power plants, which derive their energy from the water in the Rehberger Graben, part of the Upper Harz water management system.

First the power plants “Grundstraße” and “Teichtal” are passed before the water falls into the Samson shaft to drive the power plants “Grüner Hirsch” (130 m) and “Sieberstollen” (190 m). Then it passes the last turbine “Silberhütte”.

traffic

Sankt Andreasberg can be reached via four streets:

Lower town and upper town are connected by two very steep inner-city streets (> 19% gradient). One of them, the incline along the Breite Straße , is on the program of the Lower Saxony Tour almost every year and is considered the executioner of this bike race.

In local public transport there are direct bus connections to Herzberg, Bad Lauterberg, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Altenau and Braunlage.

In the years 1913–1959, the St. Andreasberger Kleinbahn cogwheel railway from the former station on Glockenberg offered a connection to the rail network of the railway down the mountain to Silberhütte, where the Odertalbahn continued to Bad Lauterberg / Scharzfeld.

Accommodation establishments

Sankt Andreasberg offers numerous guesthouses, holiday apartments and also some small hotels. In addition, there are several school camps and (ski) huts from various associations and private providers in the districts of Sonnenberg and Oderbrück at the upper end of Sankt Andreasberg.

A group of investors is planning the “Rehberg Resort” on the site of the Rehberg Clinic, which has been vacant since 2007. Kempinski AG is intended to be the operator of this system.

From October 2015 up to and including September 2016, the former clinic served as an initial reception center and accommodation for up to 1,500 refugees. The population of St. Andreasberg had almost doubled.

media

The Goslarsche Zeitung (daily newspaper) appears with the local edition Clausthal-Zellerfeld / St. Andreasberg.

Public facilities

  • Branch of the employment agency, Braunlage
  • Branch office (citizens' office) of the Braunlage city administration
  • Volunteer Fire Brigade, emerged from the Volunteer Turner Fire Brigade of 1869
  • Kurhaus (town hall)
International House Sonnenberg with observatory

education

  • Glückauf School, elementary school
  • International House Sonnenberg
  • Training center for the roofing trade of the state guild associations of Lower Saxony / Bremen and Saxony-Anhalt

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place

Personalities related to the place

  • Adolf Achenbach (1825–1903), honorary citizen of the city and mining captain
  • Otto Erich Hartleben (1864–1905) wrote the drama Rosenmontag here in the Hotel Bergmann in February 1899 together with his brother Otto H. (1866–1929) . An officer tragedy . The play was a worldwide success around 1900.
  • Oswald Teichmüller (1913–1943), mathematician, spent his childhood up to the age of 12 in Sankt Andreasberg.
  • Werner Grübmeyer (1926–2018), CDU politician, rector and long-time mayor of St. Andreasberg, honorary citizen since 2001.
  • Detlev Block (* 1934), theologian, worked as a pastor in St. Andreasberg in the late 1960s.
  • Wolf-Eberhard Barth (* 1941), forest scientist, cynologist and nature conservationist, headed the Oderhaus Forestry Office from 1974 to 1993 and the Harz National Park from 1994 to 2005.
  • Wilfried Ließmann (* 1958), mineralogist and mining historian, whose research focus is the area around Sankt Andreasberg.

literature

  • Georg Gebhard: Harz mining and minerals St. Andreasberg . 2nd Edition. Gebhard-Giesen, Reichshof 1990, ISBN 978-3-925322-01-3 , p. 167 .
  • Kurt Schmidt (compilation): 500 years of Sankt Andreasberg. 1487-1987 . Ed .: Bergstadt Sankt Andreasberg. Kohlmann, Bad Lauterberg 1987, ISBN 3-922141-06-4 .
  • Erhard Sonnenfeld (Ed.): St. Andreasberg then and now . E. Sonnenfeld, Berlin 1979.
  • Hans-Werner Niemann, Dagmar Niemann-Witter: The history of mining in St. Andreasberg . Pieper, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 1991
  • Fritz Klähn: St. Andreasberg and its mining . Publishing house for natural and local history Werner Kroll & Sohn, Sankt Andreasberg.

Web links

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ Braunlage - Hohegeiß - Sankt Andreasberg - official name of the district Bergstadt Sankt Andreasberg . In: stadt-braunlage.com
  2. ↑ a b The city of Braunlage in numbers. In: Website of the city of Braunlage. December 31, 2018, accessed March 16, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Lower Saxony State Parliament, 16th electoral period, printed matter 16/3359: Small question What is the significance of predicates such as “state-approved climatic health resort” especially for heather tourism and the tourism industry in Lower Saxony? In: landtag-niedersachsen.de , accessed on March 23, 2011 (PDF; 102 kB)
  4. ↑ a b Erhard Sonnenfeld: St. Andreasberg then and now . 1979, p. 6-8 .
  5. ^ Fritz Klähn: St. Andreasberg and its mining . S. 3-4 .
  6. ↑ Sankt Andreasberger Bergfreiheiten from 1521 on Wikisource
  7. ^ Horst Wolfgang Böhme: St. Andreasberg. On the history of the former mountain town . In: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments. Western Harz, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Osterode, Seesen . tape 36 . Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1978, ISBN 3-8053-0305-X , p. 188 .
  8. ^ Heinrich Morich: The great fire in St. Andreasberg on October 8, 1796 in: General Harz Mountain Calendar for the leap year 1936 , pp. 45–46
  9. ^ Heinrich Morich: The earlier fire catastrophes in the Upper Harz in: General Harz Mountain Calendar 1939, pp. 42–44
  10. ↑ In detail: Matthias Blazek: The fire extinguishing system in the area of ​​the former Principality of Lüneburg from the beginnings to 1900 . Adelheidsdorf 2006, ISBN 978-3-00-019837-3 , p. 163 f .
  11. ↑ a b c d e f Frederik Kunze: "Glück Auf und Heil Hitler". Investigations into National Socialism and its prehistory in Sankt Andreasberg . Göttingen 2013 (Master's thesis at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen).
  12. ^ A b Frank Baranowski: Armaments production in the middle of Germany from 1929 to 1945. Southern Lower Saxony with Braunschweiger Land and Northern Thuringia including the Southern Harz - comparative consideration of the staggered construction of two armaments centers . Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2013, ISBN 978-3-86777-530-4 .
  13. ^ Law on the rebuilding of the city of Braunlage, district of Goslar. In: nds-voris.de , March 16, 2011
  14. ^ Website of the city of Braunlage , accessed on December 16, 2017
  15. ↑ Rudolph Leopold Honemann: The antiquities of the Harz from testimonies of proven writers but mostly from the unprinted documents . No. 2 . Wendeborn, Clausthal 1754, p. 44 f .
  16. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1900, Meritorious Harzer
  17. ↑ General Harz-Berg calendar for the year 1900, official directory
  18. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for the year 1901, official directory
  19. ^ Archives of the mining town of Sankt Andreasberg, folder 0013 . tape II , sheet 1.
  20. ↑ General Harz-Berg calendar for 1913, official directory, page 61
  21. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1915, Official Directory, page 53
  22. ↑ Festschrift for the 400th anniversary of the shooting club in St. Andreasberg from July 1st to 9th, 1922, page 24
  23. ↑ General Harz-Berg calendar for the years 1918-1921 and 1924-1927, official directory
  24. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for the years 1928–1930, official directory
  25. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for the years 1931–1933, official directory
  26. ↑ a b c General Harz-Berg-Kalender for the year 1935, pages 34, 36, 71
  27. ↑ Frederik Kunze: Investigations into the use of forced labor in armaments factories in Sankt Andreasberg-Silberhütte . Göttingen 2010 (Bachelor thesis at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen).
  28. ↑ General Harz-Berg-Kalender for the year 1934, official directory, page 79
  29. ↑ General Harz-Berg calendar for the leap year 1936, official directory, page 79
  30. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1938, Official Directory, page 69
  31. ↑ General Harz-Berg-Kalender 1940, Official Directory, page 79
  32. ↑ Karl Neuse. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung eV, Archive of Social Democracy of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, accessed on December 22, 2017 .
  33. ↑ General Harz-Berg-Kalender for eqw year 1950, official directory
  34. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for eqw year 1951, official directory
  35. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1952, official directory
  36. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1953, official directory
  37. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1954, official directory
  38. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1955, Official Directory
  39. ↑ a b General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1956, official directory
  40. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1957, official directory
  41. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1958, Official Directory
  42. ↑ (according to chronicle 500 years)
  43. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for the years 1958–1961, official directory
  44. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1962, official directory
  45. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for 1963, official directory
  46. ↑ General Harz Mountain Calendar for the years 1964–1960, official directory
  47. ^ A b St. Andreasberg: Werner Grübmeyer resigned - Hartmut Humm by drawing lots for new mayor. Zeitungsverlag Krause GmbH & Co. KG, accessed on December 23, 2017 .
  48. ^ Letter from the city director to the district of Zellerfeld , K. I 0-0640 / 11, dated August 22, 1947
  49. ^ Coat of arms of Sankt Andreasberg: ... German coat of arms (municipal coat of arms / district coat of arms). In: Heraldry of the World , ngw.nl
  50. ↑ Entry about the partnerships and sponsorships on the homepage of the municipality of Braunlage.Retrieved on April 18, 2019, 9:42 pm
  51. ↑ The Glockenberg. In: harzlife.de
  52. ^ Observatory Sankt Andreasberg - Star Park Harz ... ( Memento from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: sternwarte-sankt-andreasberg.de , accessed on October 6, 2014
  53. ↑ Star parks in Germany and Europe. In: lichtverschicherung.de , accessed on October 6, 2014
  54. ↑ "Bergwiesen bei St. Andreasberg" nature reserve. In: nlwkn.niedersachsen.de. Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation, accessed on October 23, 2010 .
  55. ^ Stamp number 154 / Dreibrodestein. In: harzer-wandernadel.de
  56. ↑ Sankt Andreasberg Observatory - 6. STATT. In: sternwarte-sankt-andreasberg.de
  57. ^ Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann: About the current condition and importance of the Hanoverian Harz . Dieterichsche Buchhandlung, Göttingen 1832, p. 68 ( online in Google Book Search - see footnote).
  58. ↑ Committed to the local energy transition. ( Memento from August 31, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: harzenergie.de , accessed on June 27, 2014
  59. ^ Rehberg Kempinski Health Resorts. In: rehberg-resort.de