Wennsglück pit
| Wennsglück pit | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | before 1564 | ||
| End of operation | 1812 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Ores | ||
| Greatest depth | 356 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 42 '43.7 " N , 10 ° 31' 38.7" E | ||
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| Location | Sankt Andreasberg | ||
| local community | Goslar | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Goslar | ||
| country | State of Lower Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The Wennsglück mine in Sankt Andreasberg in the Upper Harz is an ore mine operated at the latest from the middle of the 16th century under the name Theuerdanck with major interruptions until 1866 .
Today it is operated by the Sankt Andreasberger Association for History and Archeology, which was founded in 1931, as part of the Red Bear mine training mine . The pit is located in the Bären Valley at the foot of the ankle, east of the mountain town and only a few meters diagonally across from the Roter Bär pit.
history
The inclusion of the mining industry should be completed no later than the mid-16th century. The first evidence of mining in the pit, which at that time was called Theuerdanck , dates back to 1564. Older sources, however, suggest that a mine called Vogelsang or Vogelgesanck was once built here. Almost all of the mines above and up to 40 m below the day tunnel date from before the Thirty Years War. To 1699 were stretching and cross passages at the level of days cleat with hammer and chisel ascended . There are also references to the driving of the road by means of fire .
The colliery was not put on record until 1691, when it was muted under the new name of Treue Gesellschaft and then worked up again. Called Wennsglück (t) since 1693 , the dismantling penetrated further into the depths after the establishment of an "internal pump art ". The deepest part of the pit was held to the sump by several pump sets , which were located in a 60 m deep die directly under an interior wheel room. By means of so-called artificial rods and artificial crosses, the power of the inner artificial wheel (which had a diameter of about 11 m) was not only transmitted in a saiger but also in a sole manner. This was done with at least one tow to a depth of 21 m, which operated additional pump sets in two draw shafts parallel to the artificial shaft.
1705 began to sink the day shaft, which was used for extraction (with a turning wheel since 1714) and replaced the internal (manual) reel shafts that had been used up until then. Since 1712, water from the Oder from the New Rehberger Graben , which the Beerberger Graben led up, served to supply the water .
A substantial improvement of water drainage , for the two art wheels were in operation, occurred when the 1692 scheduled in Sperrluttertal Green Hirscher studs 1729 with the construction Wennsglückter durchschlägig was. Then the pump art was discarded in the inner art shaft. The ore cracks, which decreased towards the depth, and increasing water retention problems, combined with high operating costs, led to the indebtedness of the unions building there . In 1751 the now 294 m deep Wennsglück pit was closed. The day shaft was maintained until the neighboring Theuerdank was abandoned (1756). The mine building then drank down to the bottom of the Grünhirscher tunnel. The economic balance of this period: 135 kg of silver, 1,370 quintals of copper and a few hundred quintals of lead.
At the end of the 18th century, a state-funded deep exploration of the Beerberger Gänge was carried out , which should contribute to the maintenance of the Sankt Andreasberg mining industry, which was in crisis. In this context, the Wennsglückter Schacht , which had been cleared up again, served 1790–1812 to keep the Beerberger pits (Tiefer Claus Friedrich, King's Welfare), which were connected by waterways . Only after the connection to the Sieberstollen in 1804, which brought a depth of 170 m, the shaft could finally be sunk 356 m deep in order to examine the Wennsglückter Gang at the level of the 8th and 10th sections. In this context, the deepest connection route between the internal and external train was established to this day. In 1812 these attempts were stopped unsuccessfully and the shaft was filled .
Since 1804, Heinrich Wilhelm Lehmann, a self-employed resident, ran a modest follow-up building on Brauneisenstein under the name Reicher Seegen on the Iron Hat of the Wennsglückter Ganges . In 1812 the production was stopped.
Renewed iron ore mining attempts were carried out from 1857–1866 by the Unexpected Luck mine . Because the Wennsglückter Schacht had meanwhile been filled , in 1864 a 13 m deep cavity (sinking 1) was sunk from the former Reichen Seegener day tunnel (today Unexpected luck, approach tunnel) to the Reichen Seegener Oberen Bau (today 13 m level).
In the course of the investigation work carried out by Ilseder Hütte in the 1920s in the Roter Bär mine, the old Wennsglückter buildings were also reopened. Using five old side shafts , a connection was established in 1923 for driving and weather management up to the sieve tunnel at a depth of 170 m. However, due to the lack of maintenance and the backfilling of sink 1 in the 1980s, this access expired a few years later.
Since 1992, the AG Mining is dedicated to the St. Andreas Berger Society of History and Archeology of the workover of the burrows on the Wennsglückter gear. With the aim of making the access to the sieve tunnel that was created in the 1920s mobile again, the subsidence 1 - 4 have so far been completely overcome. In the meantime, access to a short section of the Grünhirscher tunnel has been created, which brings a depth of around 130 m here and is currently the deepest drivable area of the external area from the time before the 19th century. It is also the deepest tunnel that can be reached via the club's structures (as of 2019).
literature
- Wilfried Ließmann : On the operational history of the pits on the Wennsglückter Gang . In: St. Andreasberger Association for History and Archeology e. V. (Ed.): Contributions to the mining history of St. Andreasberg . tape 1 . St. Andreasberg 1998, p. 41-68 .
- Wilfried Ließmann: Mining on the Beerberg near Sankt Andreasberg . A (hiking) guide through the “by heart” and the facilities of the teaching mine “Grube Roter Bär”. Mecke, Duderstadt 2002, ISBN 3-932752-90-2 .
Web links
- Official website - with links to pit cracks