Bad Harzburg
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Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ' N , 10 ° 34' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Goslar | |
| Height : | 261 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 65.42 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 21,926 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 335 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 38667 | |
| Area code : | 05322 | |
| License plate : | GS, BRL, CLZ | |
| Community key : | 03 1 53 002 | |
| City structure: | 8 districts | |
City administration address : |
Forstwiese 5 38667 Bad Harzburg |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Ralf Abrahms (independent) | |
| Location of the city of Bad Harzburg in the Goslar district | ||
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Bad Harzburg [ bat ˈhaɐ̯t͡s.buɐ̯k ] is the second largest city in the district of Goslar with 21,926 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) . It lies on the northern edge of the resin and is a recognized Sole - spa . The city is known nationwide for its wide range of tourist attractions and the traditional spa business, and there was also an important business academy here.
Bad Harzburg - formerly called Neustadt - achieved the status of a global spa in the 19th century , which, unlike other spas, was not affected by strong anti-Semitism and due to its tourist importance it was one of the first cities in Germany to join one state railway took place. The city found its way into the history of the Weimar Republic through the anti-democratic alliance Harzburger Front in 1931.
The urban area includes most of the former Harzburg office in Brunswick , which, along with the Harlingerode district , was one of the oldest industrial regions in Europe.
geography
Geographical location
Gabbro quarry in the Harz Mountains
North Harz Fault on the Langenberg
The city lies in the area of the northern foothills of the Harz Mountains at an altitude of 173 m above sea level. NHN (Feldmark near Bettingerode) and 555 m above sea level. NHN over NN on the border between Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt . It extends south into the Radau valley and borders the Harz National Park . The noise flows through the city in a south-north direction. The highest point in the Harz, the Brocken , is around 13 km to the south.
In a west-east direction, the North Harz Fault crosses the city, which is a specialty due to its geological and archaeological diversity. The Langenberg and the Butterberg run elongated through the urban area and form a natural geographical barrier. Further adjacent to the north is the Harzburg Harz foreland, which is used intensively for agriculture and represents the transition to the North German Plain .
The urban area covers an area of 6,541.66 hectares.
Neighboring communities
Bad Harzburg borders in the west and north on the city of Goslar and on the communities of Nordharz , Ilsenburg and Osterwieck ( district of Harz , Saxony-Anhalt ). In the south is the unincorporated Harz region .
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Hanover - 78 km Hildesheim - 51 km SZ-Lebenstedt - 34 km SZ-Bad - 22 km |
Braunschweig - 42 km Wolfenbüttel - 32 km GS-Vienenburg - 8 km |
Magdeburg - 77 km Wolfsburg - 63 km |
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Bielefeld - 139 km Seesen - 26 km Goslar - 9 km GS-Oker - 5 km |
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Quedlinburg - 42 km Halberstadt - 34 km Wernigerode - 16 km Ilsenburg - 9 km |
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Clausthal-Zellerfeld - 17 km Osterode am Harz - 27 km Göttingen - 58 km Kassel - 98 km |
Torfhaus - 9 km Braunlage - 18 km |
Nordhausen - 47 km Halle (Saale) - 108 km Leipzig - 139 km |
* Distances refer to the distance to the town center as the crow flies.
City structure
The city center developed historically from the Juliushall and Schulenrode, among others . Schoolsrode was a separate district until the 19th century. Göttingerode has only existed as a separate district since July 1, 1972 and was previously part of the Harlingerode municipality. Bettingerode also includes the Radau estate and Schlewecke the Radauanger .
climate
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Bad Harzburg
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Bad Harzburg has a climatic transition to the pure low mountain range with a pronounced local climate. A predominantly mild climate, wooded surroundings. Due to the windward location of Bad Harzburg am Harz, there are relatively high precipitation rates here, while the temperatures are just below the German average.
Environmental protection and contaminated sites
Despite its position as a health resort, there are contaminated sites in Bad Harzburg's urban area due to centuries of mining activity, particularly in connection with the Rammelsberg mine in Goslar, and the activities of the industrial successor companies that continue to this day. The northwestern Feldmark in particular is very heavily polluted by heavy metals and has been under constant observation since the middle of the 20th century. Due to the city's location on the windward side of the Atlantic west wind on the Harz, particles are carried away in the direction of the city area. Especially in the 1960s, the districts of Göttingerode, Harlingerode and Schlewecke near the Harz ironworks near Oker were heavily polluted. In addition, mining ( Hansa mine in expansion) and open-cast mining (Diabaswerk Huneberg, gabbro quarry Bad Harzburg , limestone quarry Langenberg ) permanently impaired and impair the natural order in the city area. For this reason, various environmental programs have been launched since the 1960s; one of them provided for the reforestation of the Langenberg.
history
Affiliation Bad Harzburg
etymology
Earlier names of the Harzburg were:
- around 1280: Hartesborg
- 1311: Hartesborch
- 1314: Hartesborch
- 1338: Hartesburg
- 1357: Hartsborg
- 1388: Hartesborch
- 1436: Hartzburg
- 1455: Harteesborch
Harzburg means "the Harz castle". The " Braunschweigisch-Wolfenbüttelische Amt Harzburg " was named after the castle , which was initially located on the castle hill and whose main town was called "Neustadt unter der Harzburg" (or pre-forms of this name).
Early days
In old publications it is reported that a castle named Saterburg or Saturburg and an idol of the god Krodo were located on the site of the later Harzburg as early as 300 BC . Charlemagne is said to have destroyed both in 780 and had a chapel built there. This cannot be proven historically. However, the establishment of a monastery in 916 is certain. Between 1066 and 1068 Heinrich IV had the Harzburg built.
The current districts of Bettingerode (1013) and Harlingerode (1053) were first handed down in the 11th century, Alt- Göttingerode (1163), Westerode (1174) and Schlewecke (1180) for the first time in the 12th century and Bündheim (1251) in the 13th century . At this time, the Counts of Wernigerode also tried to expand their influence in the Harzgau to the west: As early as 1249 they acquired Bovingerode , which was expanded to include an economic yard in 1254 and ultimately marked the beginning of a stronger intervention in the Harzburg office. On May 1, 1269, the Harzburg area was pledged to the County of Wernigerode.
The late Middle Ages in the Bad Harzburg area was characterized by a strong wave of desertification. In the 13th to 15th centuries, the localities of Bovingerode , Döringerode , Göttingerode , Wanlefsrode and Wenderode were abandoned in what is now the city. The inhabitants and the fields belonging to the towns fell to the neighboring towns, from which the districts of Bettingerode and Harlingerode in particular benefited.
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In 1569, during the reign of Duke Julius, a brine source was found and developed for the Juliushall salt works. This key event laid the foundation for the later spa business.
During the Thirty Years' War , the first troops of the Catholic military leader Wallenstein reached the Harzburg office in 1625 . The Harzburg was not conquered, but the surrounding villages were badly devastated in the period that followed. The population tried to get to safety in the neighboring mountains. After the Thirty Years' War, Duke August the Younger of Braunschweig ordered that those who settled in the Harzburg Office should be free from all burdens for three years. This measure was very successful, so in 1699 there were no more uninhabited farmsteads in the entire office.
19th century
In 1819 Bad Harzburg was connected to the Wolfenbüttel – Harzburg postal route . The post-expedition was later converted into a post office in 1848 and renamed the railway and post office in 1855, which became a first class post office through further changes of name until 1904. In addition to this post office, there was a station for horse mail with postillions since 1843.
From 1831 Neustadt was known as a spa and bathing resort . In 1851 the saltworks was closed and the actual bathing business started. Based on the model of the large European baths, a colony of wealthy citizens from abroad emerged who knew how to combine the sophisticated requirements of the time at the foot of the Harz Mountains: elegant hotels, a casino, a racecourse and numerous spa facilities.
The city received a connection to the railway network exceptionally early on, when the Braunschweig – Bad Harzburg railway went into operation on October 31, 1841 . Until 1843 this line ran on the section to Vienenburg as a horse-drawn tram .
Industrialization reached Bad Harzburg when Wilhelm Castendyck discovered minable iron ore deposits near Neustadt-Harzburg between 1859 and 1861 . Together with the Bremen consul Hermann Henrich Meier , he founded the Mathildenhütte between Schlewecke and Westerode and the iron ore mines Friederike and Hansa between 1860 and 1861 . This started the Harzburg mining history, which lasted until the Langenberg limestone quarry was closed in 1985.
By 1892, Neustadt-Harzburg had grown into a self-confident bathing community, which no longer called itself Neustadt, but used the name of the Harzburg office in Brunswick. Harzburg achieved the title of a “world spa” around 1900 because, in contrast to other spa and bathing resorts, it was a bathing community that was largely spared from the anti-Semitism that was widespread at the time ; Historians estimate the proportion of Jewish guests at this time at 10 percent. Compared to other bathing resorts such as Borkum , which described themselves as "Jew clean", Bad Harzburg distinguished itself in that it deliberately advertised its openness. A synagogue was built in the 1890s for Jewish tourists, slaughter was expressly permitted by the Harzburg magistrate in 1899 and the ban initiated by the NSDAP in 1931 was initially fought. Bad Harzburg did not have its own Jewish community. On May 27, 1892 Neustadt-Harzburg received the right to call itself Bad Harzburg. Bad Harzburg received city status on April 1, 1894.
20th century
As early as 1899 the proposal to build a sewerage system was made. On October 21, 1909, the most modern wastewater treatment plant in Germany at the time was completed on Radauanger , which was awarded a gold medal at the Dresden Hygiene Exhibition .
In the 1920s, the city's economic image turned to mass tourism. In addition to the complex origins of the bathers, this was accompanied by an increasingly anti-Semitic mentality within the city. Hotels began to deliberately rely on non-Jewish customers , and in 1928 the only Jewish member of the shooting club left the club because of anti-Jewish comments. In the meantime, Bad Harzburg has been defamed as a “Jewish bath” because of its still relatively high tolerance.
The social climate in the city worsened due to the noticeable global economic crisis in the early 1930s: In 1931, on the initiative of DNVP chairman Alfred Hugenberg, the most important right-wing extremist parties and associations of the Weimar Republic , DNVP, NSDAP , Stahlhelm and Reichslandbund , gathered in Bad Harzburg and bundled their opposition to the republic and the Brüning cabinet to form the so-called Harzburg Front . By 1932 this front was able to unite about two thirds of the votes in the city.
The spa business was largely preserved during the Third Reich, so the spa town itself continued to be advertised in Scandinavia . According to the reports of the health resort company, the city made profits, but this was also due to repairs that were not carried out. After 1933, activities in the Harzburg district were intensified: Mining began to take hold, the Hansa mine in Harlingerode was reactivated and the Harlingerode zinc smelter was built in 1935 . In order to meet the increased need for living space for the miners, the Göttingerode settlement was built in the same year at the location of the desert of the same name. Bad Harzburg, like the rest of the Harz region, was almost completely spared from war damage. In 1936 today's state road L 501 was built between Bündheim and Oker.
During the Second World War , forced laborers were used in Bad Harzburg. In particular , French and Polish workers were employed in mining and metallurgy, but also in the construction of the Ecker dam and in agriculture.
Post-war and municipal reorganization
On the evening of April 10, 1945, units of the 329th regiment of the 9th US Army arrived in Bad Harzburg, after they had already taken Goslar. With reference to the large number of wounded in the city, the site elder Dr. Hans Attwenger the city on 10/11. April 1945. After US forces were initially based in Bad Harzburg, the city was transferred to the British zone of occupation on June 5, 1945 . In December 1945 the British Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery visited the city.
After the division of Germany into zones of occupation and later the final German-German division , Bad Harzburg was located directly on the inner-German border for 41 years. As a result, in the course of the flight and expulsion of Germans from Central and Eastern Europe 1945–1950 , more and more expellees arrived, and compared to the rest of Germany, an unusually large number of expellees who first found accommodation in hotels and then peddled in a confined space in existing premises until new living space was built. Finally in 1948 over 55% of the resident population in the city came from the former Eastern Territories, and unemployment was very high. Housing was not created on a large scale until the 1950s and 1960s, especially in the east quarter, through housing cooperatives.
In the post-war period, the Harzburg office began to take steps towards a new municipal structure. Schlewecke merged with the directly adjacent Bündheim on January 1, 1963. The status of Harlingerode was initially disputed: In Bad Harzburg, a merger with the neighboring Oker was advocated , which is culturally closely interwoven with Harlingerode through its industrial history and seemed more suitable as a mining town than an integration into the spa town. Bettingerode and Westerode were free to choose which city they would join in this case. For the municipality reform in 1972, however, the merger to "one" city finally prevailed, which was carried out on July 1, 1972 and included the municipalities Bettingerode, Bündheim, Harlingerode and Westerode as well as the non-parish Harzburg I area in addition to the core city .
On March 1, 1974, the newly unified town of Bad Harzburg was spun off from the Wolfenbüttel district and assigned to the Goslar district . This was preceded by a heated debate in the Wolfenbüttel district about this decision made by the state of Lower Saxony; about a third of the population of the old district of Wolfenbüttel were resident in the former Harzburg district and the exclave was financially supported, among other things, with the construction of its own vocational school.
Immediately after the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 12, 1989, the city had over 300,000 visitors from the GDR, as it was right on the border with the GDR (today the state of Saxony-Anhalt ).
On July 26, 2017, the deep "Alfred" caused heavy floods in the Radau , Bleiche and Stübchenbach rivers . The damage to public facilities is estimated at around three million euros, plus the expansion and restructuring of the sewer system.
Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady built in the post-war period
New construction of federal highway 4 in 1971
population
Population development
While the Harzburg office reached a population of almost 30,000 in the 1950s due to the strong influx of displaced persons on the border with the GDR , the population has since fallen to a low of 21,735 residents on December 31, 2015. It has been since the mid-2010s -Years on the increase again, from 2015 (21,735) to 2017 (22,017) by around 0.65% per year. As of 2017, the demographic development of Bad Harzburg is the most positive in the Goslar district. As of December 31, 2018, the population fell again.
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Population development since 1821, from 1968 as of December 31, unless otherwise stated.
age structure
The following overview shows the age structure as of December 31, 2019 (main residences).
| Age from - to | population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| 0 - 2 | 408 | 1.9 |
| 3 - 5 | 472 | 2.2 |
| 6 - 9 | 594 | 2.7 |
| 10-14 | 802 | 3.7 |
| 15-17 | 473 | 2.2 |
| 18 - 24 | 1,271 | 5.8 |
| 25 - 34 | 1.932 | 8.9 |
| 35-44 | 2.112 | 9.7 |
| 45 - 54 | 2,960 | 13.6 |
| 55-64 | 3,414 | 15.7 |
| 65-74 | 3,071 | 14.1 |
| > 75 | 4,275 | 19.6 |
| total | 21,784 | 100.0 |
politics
Politically, Bad Harzburg is traditionally divided between the conservative spa town with traditionally high results for the CDU and the social democratic villages in the former district with strong values for the SPD .
With Ralf Abrams ruled since 2002 for the first time in the Lower Saxon history a mayor with zweitweiliger membership of the Alliance 90 / The Greens in a city.
City council
According to the Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Act, the Bad Harzburg City Council has 35 seats. One of them is occupied by the full-time and directly elected mayor.
The last local elections in 2016 , 2011 and 2006 produced the following results:
| Parties and constituencies | Percent 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
Percent 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
Percent 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
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| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 31.87 | 11 | 36.0 | 12 | 38.4 | 13 |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 31.76 | 11 | 34.4 | 12 | 35.0 | 12 |
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 12.46 | 4th | - | - | - | - |
| Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 11.21 | 4th | 14.2 | 5 | 8.5 | 3 |
| WTD Bad Harzburg | Voting group Transparent Democracy Bad Harzburg | 6.30 | 2 | 9.9 | 3 | 4.8 | 2 |
| left | The left | 3.21 | 1 | 3.0 | 1 | - | - |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 3.17 | 1 | 2.4 | 1 | - | - |
| Offensive D | Rule of Law Offensive Party | - | - | - | - | 6.6 | 2 |
| total | 100.0 | 34 | 100.0 | 34 | 100.0 | 34 | |
| Turnout in percent | 51.59 | 56.2 | 48.5 | ||||
The WTD Bad Harzburg disbanded on June 18, 2019.
mayor
- around 1908 Wilhelm von Stutterheim (1848–1927) , member of the Braunschweig regional assembly
- 1913–1933 Walter Bode
- 1933–1945 Hermann Berndt (NSDAP / FDP) civil servant mayor for life, until 1963 spa director
- 1945: Hermann Nordmann (acting)
- 1945–1947: Walter Bode
- 1947–1956: Hermann Nordmann (CDU)
- 1956–1961: Joachim Hinkel (FDP)
- 1961–1970: Fritz Schrader (CDU)
- 1970–1972: Friedrich Ehrhardt (CDU) ("interim")
- 1972–1977: Siegfried Hoffmann (SPD)
- 1977–1981: Klaus "Jockel" Homann (SPD)
- 1981–1986: Jürgen Dorka (CDU)
- 1986–2002: Klaus “Jockel” Homann (SPD); from 1998 full-time
- since 2002: Ralf "Charly" Abrahms (Greens)
Mayor Ralf Abrahms was elected in a runoff election on September 22, 2002 with 53.8% of the vote and confirmed on September 11, 2011 with 63% and on May 26, 2019 with 60%.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Bad Harzburg shows a stone castle on a blue background with two defensive towers that flank the open castle gate.
Above the archway stands a “wild man” with a brown beard, a wreath of leaves and a foliage apron, who is holding a fir tree with one hand. In the passage of the gate there is a vertically divided coat of arms.
One half of it is decorated with two striding golden lions on a red background and on the other half a black eagle with red claws and beak on a gold background.
Town twinning
The city of Bad Harzburg has had a friendship with Wilhelmshaven ( Lower Saxony ) since 1988 . Since 1993 there has been a partnership with the city of Port-Louis ( Brittany ) in cooperation with the Franco-German Society . There has also been a partnership with the city of Szklarska Poręba (Schreiberhau) in Poland and with the city of Ilsenburg ( Saxony-Anhalt ) since 1995 .
Economic development
The economic conditions have changed in the last hundred years: The Bad Harzburg core town has always been considered a health resort as a place that was inhabited by quite wealthy spa guests; the Bad Harzburg casino did the rest. Today, the Bad Harzburg economy is mainly based on tourism and gastronomy. As a spa with a wide range of facilities from the 19th and 20th centuries, it has a traditional tourism culture, and modern projects such as the Treetop Walk Bad Harzburg complement the tourist life of the city.
| Subtitle2 = ... and industry (former zinc smelter Harlingerode ) Bündheim and Schlewecke were comparatively poor working-class villages in the Harzburg district before industrialization, whose residents earned their living with handicrafts, timber and agriculture, but later also worked in mining. In the 20th century, they were fundamentally expanded so that they could offer living space in particular to miners and smelters ( Grube Friederike , Mathildenhütte ). As a result of structural change, these places have increasingly turned to tourism. Westerode and especially Bettingerode, on the other hand, were and are primarily characterized by agriculture: While Westerode, like Bündheim and Schlewecke, developed in the direction of tourism (Krodoland, Kangaroo etc.), Bettingerode with its Vorwerk Gut Radau most likely retained its village character of all the Harzburg villages and is not significantly involved in the Harzburg economy.
Like Bettingerode and Westerode, Harlingerode was originally an agricultural village, but initially developed through mining ( Hansa mine , Langenberg limestone quarry ) and later through the massive development of the mining and wood industry ( Harlingerode zinc smelter , Klages sawmill) into a small town with an industrial character. Commercial income and transfer payments due to its location on the edge of the zone provided the town with financial wealth. However, the structural change also led to a major decline in industry, so that this special role no longer exists to any significant extent.
After a phase of tourist recession after the turn of the millennium, a reorientation towards young families with children began in Bad Harzburg from the early 2010s, which was particularly successful with the construction of the Harz Treetop Path , the number of overnight stays rose from 456,000 in 2013 to 545,000 per year Increased in 2018. Between 2007 and 2017, more than 100 million euros were invested in the urban infrastructure. With the Bad Harzburger Mineralbrunnen , the city has a regionally known brand of soft drinks production , which is also a sponsor of Eintracht Braunschweig .
The district of Harlingerode is crucial for economic development outside of tourism. As an active part of one of the oldest industrial regions in Europe, originally shaped by the smelting of lead and later zinc from the Rammelsberg , it differs structurally from the rest of the city. Today, on the site of the former Harlingerode zinc smelter , major companies in the recycling and metal processing and processing sectors dominate the industrial area ( electrocycling , Norzinco ). With the industrial areas Bad Harzburg-Nord and Halberstädter Straße near the main traffic axes, the city is participating in the commercial development. Automotive suppliers and other medium-sized businesses shape the further economic structure of the city. In the Radautal there is a gabbro quarry operated by Norddeutsche Naturstein GmbH since 1838 .
Two wind farms were opened in the city: in 1995 the Schlewecke wind farm west of the Radauanger and in 2001/2002 the Harlingerode wind farm in Kalten Feld.
traffic
Rail transport
In 2014 the company Erixx took over the regional lines RB 42 ( Braunschweig - Wolfenbüttel - Börßum - Schladen - Vienenburg - Bad Harzburg) and RE 10 ( Hanover - Hildesheim - Salzgitter-Ringelheim - Goslar - Bad Harzburg), the city thus has direct connections Hanover and Braunschweig. There is also a connection to the Kreiensen train station ( Kreiensen – Seesen – Goslar – Bad Harzburg, KBS 354).
Bad Harzburg was one of the first cities in Germany to have a rail link ( Braunschweig – Bad Harzburg line ). Bad Harzburg is the end point of the Braunschweig – Bad Harzburg and Oker – Bad Harzburg railway lines . All lines meet in the 5-track Bad Harzburg train station . Its location, however, has meant that the continuation of the railway lines to the east does not run via Bad Harzburg and Eckertal, as before the division of Germany , but via Vienenburg in the direction of Wernigerode and Halberstadt .
In the 2000s, the station was intended as the end point of the planned RegioStadtBahn Braunschweig , which would have improved the connection to the Braunschweig city center and would have created a connection from Bad Harzburg to Uelzen without changing trains . This was compensated by a closer frequency of the regular trains.
In the 20th century, the Harlingerode (closed 1983), Schlewecke (Harz) (closed 1974), Eckertal (closed 1958) and Oker Ost stations continued to exist .
Train operated by erixx on the Oker – Bad Harzburg railway near Harlingerode
Disused Harlingerode station
Bus transport
There has been public bus transport in Bad Harzburg since 1909, initially on the Bad Harzburg – Braunlage and Bad Harzburg – Goslar lines (the associated railway line ) was only completed three years later. In 1919 the Büssing-Kraftwagen-Gesellschaft mbH became the Kraftverkehrsgesellschaft Braunschweig (KVG); this covers the entire city area to this day. Lines out of the city area (with the exception of Braunlage; KVG, and Wernigerode; Harzer Verkehrsbetriebe) are carried out by the HarzBus Association, which replaced the Braunschweig regional bus on April 1, 2019 , which in turn took over the historically discontinued Deutsche Bahn train connections .
The following bus lines run through the city:
| number | route | Tact | providers | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 270 | Bad Harzburg - Eckertal - Stapelburg - Ilsenburg - Wernigerode | two hours | Harzer Verkehrsbetriebe ( VTO ) | Sat / Sun / Fe transfer connection 270 ↔ 874 in Stapelburg; Sat / Sun group registration from 5 people required |
| 810 | Bad Harzburg - Bündheim - Göttingerode * / Harlingerode * - Oker - Goslar | hourly | HarzBus | * approached in parallel |
| 820 | Bad Harzburg - Torfhaus - Braunlage - St. Andreasberg | hourly, more frequently during school hours | KVG Braunschweig | |
| 821 | Bad Harzburg - Bündheim - Westerode - Bettingerode - Lochtum - Vienenburg | hourly | HarzBus | |
| 866 | Bad Harzburg - Kästeklippen | two hours | KVG Braunschweig | Daily toll plus the fare, seasonally from April to November, minibus, cancellation possible due to poor road conditions, group registration of 5 or more people required |
| 871 | Bad Harzburg - Bündheim - Schlewecke - Harlingerode - Göttingerode * | every hour, several times an hour during school hours | KVG Braunschweig | * approached irregularly |
| 873 | Bad Harzburg (ring traffic) - Bündheim * - Schlewecke * | every hour, more regularly during school hours | KVG Braunschweig | * approached irregularly |
| 874 | Bad Harzburg - Eckertal (- Stapelburg ) | two hours | KVG Braunschweig | Sat / Sun / Fe transfer connection 874 ↔ 270 in Stapelburg; Minibus in use, group registration from 5 people required |
| 875 | Bad Harzburg - Molkenhaus - Rabenklippe - Radau - Waterfall - Gabbro quarry | two hours | KVG Braunschweig | Daily toll plus the fare, seasonally from April to November, cancellation possible due to poor road conditions, group registration of 20 people or more required
Nickname: "Grüner Harzer" |
Bad Harzburg is connected to the surrounding area (including Braunlage ) by several bus routes operated by the KVG Braunschweig . After Wernigerode a bus route which runs HVB . There are also two city bus routes that connect the parts of Bad Harzburg with each other. All bus lines meet at the train station / Bahnhofsplatz and then mostly travel on the common trunk line to Berliner Platz.
The CityBus, which has been in operation since 1999 and also drove through the pedestrian zone in Bad Harzburg and to several health clinics, was discontinued in 2006 due to excessive costs. Since 1929 the Burgbergseilbahn has been transporting guests to the 482.80 m high Great Castle Hill with the so-called Canossa Column and the ruins of the Harzburg.
In 2019, the Bad Harzburg city council approved the introduction of the HATIX, which enables holidaymakers to use all public transport in the tariff area free of charge. An introduction is possible in 2020 at the earliest.
KVG Braunschweig bus in Bad Harzburg
Bus stop in Schlewecke
Private transport
The federal autobahn 369 is decisive for the traffic connection of Bad Harzburg, which connects to the national long-distance traffic to the north ( federal autobahn 36 ; Braunschweig - Bernburg (Saale) / Halle (Saale) ). On January 1, 2019, it was upgraded from federal highway 6 north of the Bad Harzburg triangle to the northern Harz motorway triangle to federal motorway 369. The Harlingerode junction ( K 46 ) is also located in the urban area , so that a departure is provided for the districts of Harlingerode and Bettingerode. The BAB 369 ends in the Bad Harzburger Dreieck near Westerode and merges here into the motorway-like federal highway 4 , which functions as an extension of the BAB 369 as a "city motorway". The B 4 connects Bad Harzburg to the south with the Harz Mountains and continues via Torfhaus and Braunlage into Nordhausen in Thuringia . The four-lane federal road 4 between Gut Radau and Bad Harzburg city center was opened on December 18, 1971, and the costs amounted to over 30 million DM . In 1972 the federal highway 395 between Bad Harzburg and Vienenburg was completed, between 1982 and 1987 the four-lane federal highway 6 was built between the Bad Harzburg triangle and Goslar. From the Bad Harzburger Dreieck the federal road 6 goes west to Goslar; this was originally designed as part of an A 36 to the west and was therefore built between 1982 and 1987 similar to a motorway. It provides the Goslar- Oker exit on the L 518 in the northwestern Harzburg urban area ; this street connects the two largest districts of Goslar, Oker and Vienenburg. Via the federal highway 82 located west of Goslar and partly laid out in the 2 + 1 system, the B 6 connects Bad Harzburg to the federal highway 7 ( Kassel - Hanover ), the federal highway 6 continues towards Hildesheim .
The L 501 (federal highway 6-1987; Oker - Eckertal) crosses over Göttingerode and Bündheim under the names on the racetrack (Schlewecker district), Dr. Heinrich Jasper -Straße (Bündheimer district), Herzog-Julius-Straße / Ilse Straße (Core city) and Stapelburger Straße (Eckertal) through the Bad Harzburg urban area. The K 25 ( Immenrode - Bundesstraße 6 - Harlingerode), K 30 (Schlewecke - Westerode - Bettingerode - Lochtum ), K 42 (Westerode - Bad Harzburg), K 46 (Bettingerode - Bundesautobahn 369 - Harlingerode) and K 70 (Oker - Harlingerode - Schlewecke - Bündheim).
The city of Bad Harzburg still has a 220-kilometer network of municipal roads.
Federal motorway 369 , January 2018
Bundesstrasse 4 , June 2019
Infrastructure
religion
Bad Harzburg is the seat of the Evangelical Lutheran provost of Bad Harzburg , which belongs to the Braunschweig regional church . The Luther Church parish in Bad Harzburg belongs to it (see culture and sights). Also evangelical in Bad Harzburg are the Bugenhagen chapel, which belongs to the deaconess mother house Bad Harzburg (formerly “Kinderheil”), and the house chapel in the senior citizens' home Wichernhaus.
The settlement of displaced Catholics after the Second World War made it necessary to build a Catholic church in addition to the needs of the spa guests. The Church of Our Lady was built in 1960–1961 and is now part of the pastoral area of the North Harz in the Deanery of Goslar-Salzgitter. Another Catholic church was planned in the district of Harlingerode, but was not realized. There is also a New Apostolic Church belonging to the Wolfenbüttel church district and a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses in Bad Harzburg . The Fritz-König-Stift hospital has a house chapel, and services are also held in the Herzog-Julius-Klinik.
There are other Evangelical Lutheran churches in the districts
- Bettingerode: village church
- Bündheim: St. Andreas Church
- Harlingerode: St. Marien
- Schlewecke: village church
- Westerode: St. Nicolai Church
In Bündheim there is still the Catholic Church of St. Gregory VII. Göttingerode continues to form an association with Schlewecke and has its own parish hall.
Until the mid-1930s there was also a synagogue in Bad Harzburg for the small Jewish community and the numerous spa guests, in the garden of the hotel's parking garage.
Schools and kindergartens in Bad Harzburg
Bad Harzburg is home to the Academy for Business Executives and other private management institutes. As a designated medium-sized center, Bad Harzburg has a wide range of educational institutions, whose influence also radiates towards Goslar and Vienenburg :
- Kindergartens and day care centers
As one of the first cities, Bad Harzburg was able to implement a comprehensive supply of kindergartens.
- Kindergarten Bahnhofstrasse 6b - Schlewecke
- Kindergarten Göttingerode (conversion to a day-care center)
- Bündheim Kindergarten
- Burgstrasse day care center
- Daycare center Harlingerode
- Schlewecke day care center
- Westerode day care center
- Elementary schools
The city has a total of four school districts with three primary schools plus one branch office:
- Primary school Bündheim - Bündheim, Schlewecke
- Elementary school Gerhart-Hauptmann-Schule - city center, Eckertal
- Branch office Westerode - Westerode, Bettingerode
- Elementary School Harlingerode - Harlingerode, Göttingerode
- Further training
- Bad Harzburg vocational school
- Burgberg High School
- Hotel Management School Harz
- Lower Saxony boarding school in Bad Harzburg
- Bad Harzburg High School
- Werner von Siemens High School
Due to the increasing number of children in Bad Harzburg, extensions are planned for the period around 2020.
Bad Harzburg High School
Lower Saxony boarding school (NIG)
Harlingerode Elementary School
Sports and leisure facilities
For sporting activities there is an 18-hole golf course and the swing golf course in the spa area , the Bad Harzburger Sole - Therme (32 ° C warm brine) and the indoor swimming pool Silberbornbad are available for bathing . Furthermore, there is the Skyrope- Hochseilpark and sports park at the racecourse ( equestrian , football , hockey , volleyball and -tennis, Fitness -Parcours, jogging trails , archery -Parcours, inline skating ), a toboggan run , Nordic walking - and walking routes and especially in Winter the outdoor ice rink . In the urban area, there are many hiking trails through the Harz, which are made accessible by the Harzer hiking pin system. The approximately 13 km long Teufelsstieg leads to the Brocken as a hiking trail .
Active clubs in Bad Harzburg are:
- Big Wrestling Action - BWA Harz e. V.
- Billard-Snooker-Club Harlingerode e. V.
- Bobsleigh and luge club
- Archery club BSV Toxophilus Bad Harzburg e. V.
- Bridge Club Bad Harzburg e. V.
- Casino Tanzclub Rot-Gold e. V.
- Society for Hunting Riding - Reiterverein Westerode e. V.
- Harz Golf Club
- Handball game community HSG Bad Harzburg
- Harzburger Rennverein e. V. from 1880
- Harzburg Dance Sport Club
- Harz Club e. V.
- Hockey club HC Bad Harzburg e. V.
- Athletics Association from 2007 e. V. - LAV 07 Bad Harzburg e. V.
- MTK Men's Gymnastics Club Bad Harzburg 1886 e. V.
- MTV men's gymnastics club from 1890 Bettingerode e. V.
- Nordharzer Radsportgemeinschaft Bad Harzburg e. V.
- Germania Harlingerode cycling club
- SC 1918 Harlingerode e. V.
- Chess Club Bad Harzburg from 1927 e. V.
- Schützengesellschaft Bad Harzburg from 1662 e. V.
- Shooting Society Bündheim from 1900 e. V.
- Schützengesellschaft Göttingerode v. 1952 e. V.
- Shooting Society Harlingerode
- Schützengesellschaft SG Schlewecke v. 1954 e. V.
- Sports park at the racetrack
- Sports club SV Göttingerode from 1948 e. V.
- Diving club Bad Harzburg
- Tennis club Rot Gelb Bad Harzburg e. V.
- Table tennis club TTV Göttingerode
- TSG Bad Harzburg
- TSV Westerode
- TTC Red White Harlingerode
- Tournament community St. Georg Bad Harzburg
- Association for eventing riding Bad Harzburg e. V.
- WSV Wintersportverein Bad Harzburg e. V. from 1896
Sports home in Harlingerode
Gym of the MTV Bettingerode
Club house in Göttingerode
Culture and sights
Bottom view of the circular access to the Treetop Walk Bad Harzburg
Drinking and foyer
Artificial noise waterfall
Sole thermal bath
Fountain of youth
Canossa column on the castle hill
Monument to the opening of the Wall in Eckertal
Former hotel parking garage
- Since 1989, the city has awarded the Bad Harzburg Youth Literature Prize to authors of outstanding works of youth literature.
- The German Citizenship Award has been awarded by the Bad Harzburg Citizens' Foundation since 1995. V. ”awarded to particularly deserving personalities in society.
- In Bad Harzburg there are two museums, the House of Nature in the spa park with the interactive permanent exhibition "Harzwald" and the museum in the Remise , which is located next to the town hall in a listed building, the former carriage shed .
- Important buildings are the ruins of the Harzburg with the Burgberg cable car , the Canossa Column and the Cross of the German East , the Bündheimer Schloss as well as some historical half-timbered buildings such as the Wandelhalle , but also the fountain of youth in the city center or the Luther Church with the Sauer organ . Also worth seeing is the artificially created Radau waterfall, which is fed by the Radau .
- The city has several parks, the bathing park, the spa park, the castle park and the city park (formerly casino park).
- The Silberbornbad , built in 1970, is located in the Bündheim district and was named after a tributary of the Gläsecke . It is opened as an outdoor and indoor pool in summer.
- The treetop path in Bad Harzburg , which opened on May 8, 2015, is around 1000 m long and over 20 m high thanks to a 300 m long, spiral-shaped ramp in the entrance tower, also suitable for wheelchair users and prams. The facility is located in the spa gardens of Bad Harzburg and leads across the Cold Valley and a pond.
Regular events
- End of April: Mountain bike marathon Bad Harzburg (since 2009), Kinderwalpurgis
- May: Chestnut blossom festival, Maisingen at the Molkenhaus
- Pentecost: Bad Harzburg Mountain Marathon
- June: Harzer Trike-Treffen, Bad Harzburger Musiktage (since 1970)
- July: Bad Harzburg horse racing week (since 1880)
- August: Salt and light festival , international equestrian tournament
- September: Organic market, Shetland Pony Festival, dressage and jumping tournaments
- Last Sunday in September: Chestnut Festival
- December: Winter meeting at Port-Louis-Platz (end of November until Dreikönig), free ice rink, milk can tournament (since 1981); Tree top Christmas on the tree top walk (3rd weekend in Advent)
natural reserve
The south-eastern urban area is part of the Harz National Park , which has existed in this form since 2006 and is under special protection. The national park is accessible via hiking trails and offers various sights for the inclined hiker.
The nature reserve Butterberggelände is located between the city center and Westerode and includes the ridge area of the Butterberg , a limestone mountain range in the urban area.
The Östlicher Langenberg nature reserve was established in 1987 as a result of limestone mining on the Langenberg between Göttingerode and Harlingerode and includes the mountain ridge that has not been denatured by intensive open-cast mining ( Langenberg limestone quarry ). A greening program carried out in the late 20th century significantly enhanced the previously treeless landscape.
The Okertal nature reserve south of Vienenburg is located on the north-western edge of the area . This includes the Oker floodplain, which is characterized by gravel surfaces (stone field), together with gravel ponds.
Eastern Langenberg nature reserve
Okertal nature reserve south of Vienenburg
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Personalities
literature
- Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city . Lax, Hildesheim 2000, ISBN 3-8269-8210-X .
- Hans Hoffmann: Bad Harzburg and its history. By the end of the 19th century . Verlag der Buchh. Hoffmann, Bad Harzburg 1994, ISBN 3-928826-04-2 .
- Hans Hoffmann: Bad Harzburg and its history. The first half of the 20th century . Verlag der Buchh. Hoffmann, Bad Harzburg 1995, ISBN 3-928826-10-7 .
- Hans Hoffmann: Bad Harzburg and its history. The second half of the 20th century . Verlag der Buchh. Hoffmann, Bad Harzburg 1997, ISBN 3-928826-14-X .
- Paul Jonas Meier and Karl Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the Wolfenbüttel district. District court district Bad Harzburg . Julius Zwissler, Wolfenbüttel, 1906, OCLC 40935100 , p. 388-426 .
- Markus Weber: This is Germany ... and it belongs to all of us: Jews between acceptance and persecution in the spa town of Bad Harzburg . Appelhans, Braunschweig 2016, ISBN 978-3-944939-19-3 .
- Richard Wieries: The names of the mountains, cliffs, valleys, springs, watercourses, ponds, towns, farm districts, forest locations and paths in the Harzburg district court along with an attempt to interpret them . In: Landesverein für Heimatschutz in the Duchy of Braunschweig (ed.): The field names of the Duchy of Braunschweig . tape 1 . E. Appelhans & Comp. GmbH, Braunschweig 1910 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF; 9.2 MB ]).
Web links
- City's website
- Link catalog about Bad Harzburg at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Parliament, 16th electoral period, printed matter 16/3359: Small question What is the significance of predicates such as “state-approved climatic health resort” especially for heather tourism and the tourism industry in Lower Saxony? (PDF; 102 kB) . Retrieved March 23, 2011.
- ↑ Data and facts - brief information about Bad Harzburg. ( Memento from February 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) at: bad-harzburg.de , accessed on February 25, 2013.
- ^ Jürgen Udolph (research): The "place name researcher". (No longer available online.) In: Internet site NDR 1 Lower Saxony . Archived from the original on December 28, 2014 ; accessed on August 3, 2019 .
- ^ Johann Heinrich Zedler: Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts. Halle and Leipzig 1735, p. 659.
- ↑ Matthäus Merian (editor and illustrator) and Martin Zeiller (text author): Topographia Braunschweig Lüneburg. Merian, Frankfurt am Main 1654, pp. 104-106.
- ↑ Andreas Jacob Krieg: Harztburgischer Mahl-Stein / Which um Denckmahlder Güte Gottes / in the destruction of Ab = God Crodons, worshiped there, introduction of the true Christl. Teaching, and donation of a Geseegneten Saltz = Qvelle, by a historical draft of the Hartzburgic merchandise / also four Saltz = u. Danck = sermons set up. Goslar 1709, p. 3f.
- ^ Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Halle and Leipzig 1735, Sp. 659–661.
- ↑ See Christian Heinrich Delius' investigations into the history of the Harzburg and the supposed idol Krodo, Halberstadt 1826.
- ↑ Jan Habermann: The expansion of rule of the Counts of Wernigerode on the northern Harz (1249-1369) . Chemnitz University of Technology 2006, p. 11 f . ( qucosa.de [PDF; 1000 kB ; accessed on October 6, 2018]).
- ^ Sebastian Weitkamp: Persecution of Jews Bad Harzburg: More moderate than elsewhere? Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 31, 2017, accessed on February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. P. 356.
- ↑ Markus Weber: This is Germany ... and it belongs to everyone. Jews between acceptance and persecution in the spa town of Bad Harzburg . Braunschweig 2016.
- ^ Goslarsche Zeitung : Lecture on forced labor in Bad Harzburg . February 16, 2019, accessed February 18, 2019.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 272 .
- ↑ NDR : Flood: High millions in damage to Goslar on ndr.de , as of November 20, 2017.
- ^ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony. Retrieved February 13, 2017 .
- ^ Residents of the communities and districts. (PDF) Retrieved August 12, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Source: City of Bad Harzburg, in: Goslarsche Zeitung : Immigrants save the population statistics , January 15, 2020.
- ^ Website of the communal data processing in Oldenburg , accessed on September 30, 2016
- ↑ stadt-bad-harzburg.de
- ↑ stadt-bad-harzburg.de
- ↑ Goslarsche Zeitung : The WTD dissolves . June 18, 2019, accessed June 18, 2019.
- ^ Eckart von Stutterheim, Kurt von Stutterheim: The gentlemen and barons of Stutterheim / Alt-Stutterheim. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1965, pp. 181–182, illustration after p. 180.
- ↑ The organization of the society for the promotion of water management in Harze. ( Memento from January 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Albert Limbach GmbH, Braunschweig 1908, p. 10. (PDF).
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 17, p. 173, p. 243 ff.
- ^ Voices from contemporary witnesses . In: spurensuche-harzregion.de .
- ^ Hermann Nordmann was used by the US military administration; Theodor Müller: The shadow of the border. Westermann, Braunschweig 1964, p. 33.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 316.
- ↑ Theodor Müller: cast shadow of the border. Westermann, Braunschweig 1964, p. 34.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 640.
- ^ A b Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 649.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 653.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 658.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, pp. 664, 672, 689, 697.
- ^ Goslarsche Zeitung : Liveticker . May 26, 2019.
- ^ Arnold Rabbow: New Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-926701-59-5 , p. 36 .
- ↑ Heimatstube Schreiberhau. - Information on twin town . In: bkge.de.
- ^ Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung : Tourism: The treetop path brings Bad Harzburg up . July 19, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ↑ Beige too colorful - Bad Harzburg is booming . June 2019, accessed July 21, 2019.
- ↑ Erixx wins tender in Lower Saxony. In: bahnnews.info, accessed on February 25, 2013.
- ↑ HVB-270 from www.hvb-harz.de, accessed on April 9, 2018
- ↑ Kursbuch (VU / MB2 / FPL_KBP) /4.0.3.84 - 810_beide_FPL.pdf ( Memento from 7 July 2017 in the Internet Archive ) from bahn.de (PDF), accessed on 1 June 2017
- ↑ 820 - 820.pdf from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on June 1, 2017
- ↑ Kursbuch (VU / MB2 / FPL_KBP) /4.0.3.84 - 866.pdf from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on June 1, 2017
- ↑ 871_Dec16 - 871.pdf from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on June 1, 2017
- ↑ 873 - 873.pdf from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on June 1, 2017
- ↑ KVG-874 from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on April 9, 2018
- ↑ 875.pdf from www.kvg-braunschweig.de, accessed on June 1, 2017
- ↑ Harz National Park - hike to the lynx enclosure. (PDF; 2.7 MB - automatic download) Retrieved January 23, 2018 .
- ^ Goslarsche Zeitung : Kurstadt wants to participate in Hatix. February 28, 2019, accessed March 4, 2019.
- ^ Wilhelm Baumgarten : Contributed: The larger Bad Harzburg . 1993, p. 94.
- ^ Goslarsche Zeitung : Involuntary traffic calming . May 7, 2019, accessed May 8, 2019.
- ^ Harald Meier, Kurt Neumann: Bad Harzburg. Chronicle of a city. Verlag Lax, Hildesheim 2000, p. 286 f.
- ↑ Treetop Walk Bad Harzburg.
- ↑ Website - Harzburger Musiktage .
- ^ Website - Harzburger Rennverein eV from 1880
- ↑ harzlife.de - Salt and Light Festival Bad Harzburg .
- ↑ Overview of current events in Bad Harzburg ( Memento from January 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ).
Bad Harzburg | Braunlage | Clausthal-Zellerfeld | Goslar | Hahausen | Langelsheim | Liebenburg | Lutter am Barenberge | Seesen | Wallmoden
Community-free area in the district of Goslar
Harz (district of Goslar)
Bad Harzburg (city center) (with Ottenhai ) | Bettingerode (with Altfelder Krug and Gut Radau ) | Bündheim | Eckertal | Göttingerode | Harlingerode (with Steinfeld ) | Schlewecke (with Radauanger ) | Westerode (with Mathildenhütte and spring settlement )