Bürgel (Thuringia)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 56 '  N , 11 ° 45'  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Fulfilling municipality :	for Graitschen at Bürgel for Nausnitz for Poxdorf
Height :	254 m above sea level NHN
Area :	27.19 km 2
Residents:	3058 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	112 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07616
Area code :	036692
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 009
City structure:	14 districts
City administration address :	Am Markt 1 07616 Bürgel
Website :	www.stadt-buergel.de
Mayor :	Johann Waschnewski ( CDU )
Location of the city of Bürgel in the Saale-Holzland district

Bürgel is a country town in the Saale-Holzland district in the Saale valley in Thuringia , between Jena and Eisenberg .

The city owes its fame to ceramic products. The blue vessels with white dots are typical of Bürgel ceramics . There are currently around ten potteries in Bürgel. The Bürgel pottery market takes place annually at the end of June.

geography

Neighboring municipalities are the city of Schkölen in the north, Mertendorf , Rauschwitz and Hainspitz in the northeast, Serba in the east, Waldeck in the southeast, Albersdorf , Scheiditz and Schöngleina in the south, Großlöbichau and Jenalöbnitz in the west and Graitschen , Nausnitz and Poxdorf in the northwest.

City structure

Bürgel includes the districts

• Thalbürgel ,
• Gniebsdorf ,
• Dentable ,
• Gerega ,
• Ilmsdorf ,
• Hetzdorf ,
• Silberthal ,
• Droschka ,
• Göritzberg ,
• Hohendorf ,
• Nischwitz ,
• Lucka ,
• Rodigast and
• Taupadel .

Furthermore, Bürgel is a fulfilling municipality for the villages of Nausnitz , Graitschen bei Bürgel and Poxdorf , which, however, are still independent municipalities.

history

Romanesque monastery church in the Thalbürgel district

City Church

Bürgel was first mentioned as a place on February 13, 1133. In 1234 Bürgel was mentioned as one of 24 cities in Thuringia. In the area of ​​the old town on the Georgenberg to the south there was a fortification. This castle, of which there are still remains of the wall, probably gave the city its name. Both the town Buergel, as well as the in the district Thalbürgel located bürgel abbey take their name from the former castle ( Bürgelin ) on the George Berg. The intersection of the north-south and east-west roads at the Gleisefurt (already known as “Quere” in 1283 = old law of the city) offered a favorable prerequisite for the city and the monastery. After the Saale valley was cultivated and a bridge was built in Dorndorf over the Saale, the traffic flow dried up near Bürgel, which required a different development.

A small castle was located southwest of Hohendorf on the Goldberg. It probably served to control the old trade route leading from Stadtroda to Naumburg. The remains of the complex are terraces and shallow trenches as well as a land ledge to the north. Two linden trees mark the place. In the so-called Hofgarten von Beulbar there was a manor with a castle and later a built-over Marienkapelle. A norway maple and ruin mound mark the spot today.

In the Gniebsdorf district, the remains of a medieval fortification can still be seen conspicuously. When approaching the district from the B 7, there is a meadow with large trees. The wall in the gardens is heavily sanded.

The pottery trade has been documented since the 15th century, and since the 17th century Bürgel has been nicknamed the "pottery town".

The town of Bürgel belonged to the Bürgel Monastery and, after its dissolution in the course of the Reformation in 1526, came to the Ernestine Office of Bürgel . Due to several divisions, this belonged to different Ernestine duchies . In 1677, Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Jena had a zoo laid out in the Bürgel office. From 1815 the city was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , which it incorporated into the Weimar II administrative district ( Apolda administrative district ) in 1850 . In 1920 the place came to the state of Thuringia. In 1905 Bürgel was connected to the Crossen – Porstendorf railway line , which was shut down in 1969.

The time of National Socialism was marked by terror until the last days . A couple and the mayor of Taupadel, who had spoken out in favor of ending the war, fell into the clutches of an SS patrol in April 1945 , who murdered them in the corridor west of Rodigast. On her grave in the Taupadel cemetery and in Rodigast, memorial stones commemorate these victims. During the Second World War , men and women from Poland had to do forced labor in the city and its surroundings . Seven victims of forced labor are buried in the Bürgel cemetery. In April 1945, prisoners of the Buchenwald concentration camp dragged themselves on the B 7 through the district of Bürgel on a death march , leaving 43 dead due to the terror of the SS men. They were buried in Bürgel, Thalbürgel, Gniebsdorf , Rodigast, Taupadel, Droschka and Eisenberg . A memorial plaque on the Bürgel town hall has been commemorating the victims of the death march since 1979.

Population development

Development of the population (December 31) :

1994: 2964 1995: 3051 1996: 3135 1997: 3272 1998: 3332 1999: 3389

2000: 3366 2001: 3318 2002: 3330 2003: 3341 2004: 3291 2005: 3304

2006: 3269 2007: 3228 2008: 3195 2009: 3173 2010: 3137 2011: 3117

2012: 3067 2013: 3052 2014: 3053 2015: 3069 2016: 3079 2017: 3137

2018: 3132 2019: 3058

Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

politics

town hall

Bürgel is the fulfilling municipality for the places Graitschen b. Bürgel , Nausnitz and Poxdorf .

City council

Allocation of seats in the city council 2009–2014

• CDU : 7 (Thomas Fache, Steffen Grosch, Johann Waschnewski, Birgit Jacob, Carl Krumbholz, Manfred Hesse and Erhard Kunze)
• ULB: 5 (Jörg Boßert, Martina Köber, Thomas Sprenger, Andreas Bathelt and Ronny Pietrzyk)
• LEFT : 4 (Hans-Joachim Thomas, Jeannette Luft, Stefan Troska and Holger Rosenhain)

(As of November 2012; in the 2009 local elections, the CDU had six seats and the SPD one seat; the rest of the distribution of seats was the same as above.)

Allocation of seats in the city council from 2014

• CDU: 7 (Thomas Fache, Steffen Grosch, Johann Waschnewski, Birgit Jacob, Carl Krumbholz, Manfred Hesse and Rene Fischer)
• ULB: 4 (Jörg Boßert, Martina Köber, Ronny Pietrzyk and Daniel Standt)
• LEFT: 3 (Hans-Joachim Thomas, Matrin Angres and Holger Rosenhain)
• SPD : 2 (Erhard Kunze and Marco Rüttger)

Allocation of seats in the city council from 2015

• CDU: 7 (Thomas Fache, Carl Krumbholz, Steffen Grosch, Birgit Jacob, Manfred Hesse, Rene Fischer and Corina Heilborn)
• ULB: 4 (Jörg Boßert, Martina Köber, Ronny Pietrzyk and Daniel Standt)
• LEFT: 3 (Hans-Joachim Thomas, Matrin Angres and Holger Rosenhain)
• SPD: 2 (Erhard Kunze and Marco Rüttger)

Municipal council from 2019

The election for the municipal council on May 26, 2019 came to the following conclusion:

• Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU): 9 seats, 57.6% of the votes
• Independent Bürgel List (ULB): 7 seats, 42.4% of the votes

coat of arms

The city coat of arms shows the city patron St. George as a knight with golden armor on a red background while killing a green dragon.

Town twinning

Vecpiebalga in Latvia's twin city of Bürgel. There is a friendship between cities with Riedlingen in Baden-Württemberg .

media

In addition to the Bürgler Official Gazette published by the city, the newspaper Hallo Jena and Allgemeine Anzeiger appear every week . The Ostthüringer Zeitung reports in its local section Eisenberg about events in Bürgel.

fire Department

The city of Bürgel has its own volunteer fire brigade as a base fire brigade . The base is in Bürgel itself. Other fire stations , which are only manned by a small fire engine , are in Rodigast and Ilmsdorf.

traffic

former Bürgel train station (2018)

The busy federal road 7 runs through Bürgel . Buses operated by JES Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH also run at regular intervals to Jena via Großlöbichau or Graitschen, to Eisenberg via Hainspitz, to Hohendorf, to Gerega via Ilmsdorf and Thalbürgel, as well as numerous other localities in the region, but on some routes only as school buses on school days .

The Crossen an der Elster – Porstendorf railway line has been closed since 1969.

Former hospital below the town plateau

Culture and sights

The gothic church of St. John and a ceramic museum are located in the village . A pottery market has been held every year since 1971 (except in 1982 and 1983).

Further sights are the museum in the former interest store of the Bürgel monastery as well as the Romanesque church of the former Benedictine abbey , which was donated in 1133 and in which concerts have been held for around twenty years.

At the foot of the entrance to the town of Bürgel is the former St. Georg Hospital .

In the cemetery of the Thalbürgel district, a grave with a memorial stone commemorates five unknown concentration camp inmates on a death march of the Buchenwald concentration camp , who were murdered by SS men in April 1945 .

sons and daughters of the town

• Zacharias Brendel the Elder (1553–1626), philosopher, physicist, physician and botanist at the University of Jena
• Johann David Weidner (1721–1784), Baroque architect
• Johann Heinrich Krause (1800–1882), philologist
• Huldreich Matthes (1850–1926), forester and university professor
• Julius Frankenberger (1888–1943), literary scholar, translator and university lecturer
• Hermann Stöbe (1899–1980), historian and genealogist
• Klaus Burkhardt (1928–2001), graphic artist
• Andreas Preller (born April 21, 1942), politician (SPD) and member of the Thuringian state parliament
• Hannelore Soupe (born September 24, 1943), athlete, 1965 GDR sportswoman of the year

People who have worked in the city

• Walter Gebauer (1907–1989), master potter and one of the most influential ceramists in the GDR

literature

• Paul Mitzschke : Document book of the city and monastery Bürgel, Gotha 1895

See also

• Piston (Jenalöbnitz)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ^ Wolfgang Kahl : First mention of Thuringian towns and villages. A manual. 5th, improved and considerably enlarged edition. Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2010, ISBN 978-3-86777-202-0 , p. 17.
3. ^ Werner Mägdefrau : Thuringian cities and city federations in the Middle Ages. Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2002, ISBN 3-936030-34-0 , p. 84.
4. ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 75.
5. ↑ Rudolf Wolfram, Hans-Jochen Drafehn: The monastery church in Thalbürgel. 3rd, revised edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1985, p. 22.
6. ↑ Rudolf Wolfram, Hans-Jochen Drafehn: The monastery church in Thalbürgel. 3rd, revised edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1985, pp. 22–24.
7. ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , pp. 66 and 111.
8. ↑ Sven Ostritz (Ed.): Saale-Holzland-Kreis, Ost (= Archaeological Hiking Guide Thuringia. H. 9). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2007, ISBN 978-3-937517-51-3 , p. 43.
9. ^ Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all estates. Part 1, Volume 4: Which contains the continuation and the resolution of the Upper Saxon Circle. Schwickert, Leipzig 1793, p. 43f.
10. ↑ Heiko Laß: Hunting and pleasure castles. Art and culture of two sovereign building tasks. Shown on Thuringian buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2006, ISBN 3-86568-092-5 , p. 284, (also: Aachen, Technische Hochschule, dissertation, 2004).
11. ^ State manual of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. 1827, ZDB -ID 514527-2 , p. 121f.
12. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (Ed.): Local history guide to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945. Volume 8: Thuringia. VAS - Verlag für Akademische Schriften, Frankfurt am Main 2003, ISBN 3-88864-343-0 , pp. 204f.
13. ↑ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: Municipal council election 2019 in Thuringia - Bürgel

Web links

Commons : Bürgel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Bürgel in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• official page
• History of the city of Bürgel and the surrounding areas