Neuengönna

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 59 '  N , 11 ° 39'  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Management Community :	Dornburg-Camburg
Height :	170 m above sea level NHN
Area :	6.2 km 2
Residents:	678 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	109 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07778
Area code :	036427
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 063
Address of the municipal administration:	At the church 3 07778 Neuengönna
Website :	www.vg-dornburg-camburg.eu
Mayor :	Günter Zingel
Location of the community Neuengönna in the Saale-Holzland district

Neuengönna is a municipality in the north of the Saale-Holzland district and part of the Dornburg-Camburg administrative community . It is divided into the districts of Neuengönna and Porstendorf .

geography

Geographical location

Aerial photo of Neuengönna (from 2006)

Neuengönna is located at the exit of the Gönnertal , 1 km west of the B 88 in the Saale valley between Jena and Dornburg . The L 2302 runs through Neuengönna. The city of Jena is approx. 14 km away, and the nearest motorway is the A 4 (16 km south). In Porstendorf there is a train station of the Saalbahn between Großheringen and Saalfeld. The Crossen – Porstendorf railway line existed until 1969 and branched off here.

Neighboring communities are (clockwise) Lehesten in the west, Hainichen , Zimmer and the city of Dornburg in the north, Dorndorf-Steudnitz in the northeast, Golmsdorf in the east and the independent city of Jena in the south.

landscape

The municipality is shaped by the landscape of the middle Saale valley . The exit of the Nerkewitzer Grund is near Neuengönna , and not far from it the Gönnerbach flows into the Saale . The narrow, wooded valley continues to the west to Nerkewitz . There are fields or meadows in the Saale floodplain, and the course of the river is lined with trees.

To the east of Porstendorf lies the Rabeninsel with a large bathing lake between two arms of the Saale . The west of the community consists of the beginning heights of the Ilm-Saale-Platte , which here with the Plattenberg a height of 345  m above sea level. NN reached. In the north, the Erdengraben flows into the Saale valley when coming from Zimmer. Next to it is the castle skull , a steep mountain spur on which there was once a castle site.

history

middle Ages

The history of Neuengönna was linked to the development of the neighboring Porstendorf (see there) from the start. Around 1250, the monks of the Pforte monastery had the previous farming villages of Porstendorf and Hummelstedt dissolved and took over the land cultivation themselves through their grangie in Porstendorf. It was not until a century and a half later, at the beginning of the 15th century, that they decided to build a new farming settlement at the exit of the Gönnerbach valley. Whether a small settlement Parvo Geine (Klein-Gönna), mentioned in 1257, was located there is disputed. The monks created a two-lane street village , the course of which was evidently based on the traffic routes that were important at the time. The place called Neu-Porstendorf and later Neu-Gönna was mentioned in a document as early as 1421/25 according to the latest findings. In 1432 he got his own church. The newly settled farmers took over the management of a large part of the Porstendorfer lands. This also included numerous vineyards.

To the east of Neuengönna lies the historically significant desert of Hummelstedt .

Viticulture

For centuries Neuengönna was an important wine town in the Middle Saale Valley. Viticulture at the exit of the Gönna valley near Porstendorf was started by the monks of the Pforta monastery in the 12th century and first mentioned in 1182. In the 16th century, over 70 hectares of vineyards in the Neuengönna-Porstendorf district can be assumed. Around 1700 there were 41 hectares left and in 1799 38 hectares. In addition, many of the vineyards in the Zimmerchen and the Stiebritz corridor were cultivated by Neuengönna residents. Winemaking was the village's main occupation until the 17th century, and in the 18th century it was still regarded as the “best income”. Nowadays two vineyards are still operated in the corridor. The old importance of viticulture is remembered by the motif of the winemaker in the community seal and by several depictions on building facades.

Development of the population

year Residents 1817 299 1890 384 1933 482

year Residents 1994 319 1995 325 1996 334 1997 334 1998 331 1999 326 2000 342

year Residents 2001 352 2002 356 2003 363 2004 353 2005 353 2006 349 2007 665

year Residents 2008 668 2009 678 2010 686 2011 647 2012 656 2013 662 2014 686

year Residents 2015 669 2016 670 2017 673 2018 667 2019 678 2020 2021

Personalities

• Bruno II. Von Porstendorf , 1209–1228 Bishop of Meißen, comes from Porstendorf
• Pauline von Hirschfeld , German novelist, was born in Porstendorf on June 6, 1890 and grew up on the Porstendorf estate
• Robert Heyne , chairman of the Jena Association in 1806 and holder of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Attractions

Church in Neuengönna (2013)

• The church is known for its late Gothic, three-wing carved altar. It comes from the time the church was built in the 15th century.
• A home parlor was set up in the village , which provides information about the regional history and the battle of Jena and Auerstedt .
• There is an outdoor swimming pool and a campsite on Rabeninsel .

Economy and Infrastructure

The former wood mill in Porstendorf is now used as a hydroelectric power station. A cardboard factory has been located in Porstendorf since 1910, producing gray cardboard and processing waste paper.

traffic

The Porstendorf stop is on the Großheringen – Saalfeld railway line .

literature

• Anne Fuchs: Peasant resistance and division of the country in late medieval Thuringia. The legal dispute over jurisdiction in Neuengönna and Porstendorf in the second half of the 15th century. In: Journal for Thuringian History . Vol. 64, 2010, pp. 101-132.
• Hans Rhode, Heidrun Rhode: 830 years of viticulture in the Gönnatal (1182–2012). A contribution to the history of viticulture in the communities of Hainichen, Lehesten, Neuengönna and Zimmer north of Jena. H. Rhode, Stiebritz 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-038902-3 .
• Hans Rhode: The Heyne and Ziege families in Neuengönna near Jena. Family tables and surnames from the 17th to the 19th century. In: Journal for Central German Family History. Vol. 53, No. 4, 2012, ISSN  1864-2624 , pp. 461-471.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ^ Andrei Zahn: The inhabitants of the offices of Burgau, Camburg and Dornburg. A prayer register from around 1421–1425 (= AMF series of publications. 55, ZDB -ID 2380765-9 ). Printed as a manuscript. Working Group for Central German Family Research, Mannheim 1998.
3. ↑ Hans Rhode, Heidrun Rhode: On the history of viticulture in the Gönnatal. In: Between Saale and Ilm. About life on the Saale-Ilm-Platte through the ages from then to now. Vol. 2, 2010, ZDB -ID 2682264-7 , pp. 23-52.
4. ↑ Detlef Ignasiak: On the Saale and in the woodland. A cultural and historical guide through the area around the university town of Jena. quartus-Verlag, Jena 1997, ISBN 3-931505-17-0 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Thuringian State Office for Statistics.
6. ^ Federal Order of Merit for Robert Heyne and Heike Wilhelm , Pressebox, February 25, 2009.

Web links

Commons : Neuengönna  - collection of images, videos and audio files