Lehesten (near Jena)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′  N , 11 ° 35 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Holzland district
Management Community :	Dornburg-Camburg
Height :	260 m above sea level NHN
Area :	12.14 km 2
Residents:	674 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	56 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07778
Area code :	036425
License plate :	SHK, EIS, SRO
Community key :	16 0 74 051
Community structure:	Main town and 3 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Dorfstrasse 36 07778 Lehesten
Website :	www.vg-dornburg-camburg.eu
Mayor :	Heinz-Gunter Grau
Location of the municipality of Lehesten in the Saale-Holzland district

Town center

Former restaurant

Wasserburg ( Location → )

Tower of the moated castle ( location → )

Village church in Lehesten

Interior of the church

Lehesten is a municipality in the north of the Saale-Holzland district and part of the Dornburg-Camburg administrative community . The municipality is divided into the districts Altengönna in the west, Lehesten in the center, Nerkewitz in the northeast and Rödigen in the east.

geography

Geographical location

The municipality of Lehesten is located in the Gönna Valley and is part of the Saaleplatte landscape . Coming from the Holzecke through Altengönna, Lehesten and Nerkewitz and on to Dornburg , the state road L 2301 runs and from Lehesten to Rödigen the district road K 150 continues to Jena.The city of Jena is about 8.5 km away, and it is 25 km to Weimar km. The nearest federal road is the B 88 6.5 km east in the Saale valley and the next motorway is the A 4 14 km south.

In clockwise direction, neighboring communities are the city and rural community of Bad Sulza with the district of Stobra in the north, the district of Weimarer Land , Hainichen with the district of Stiebritz in the northeast and Neuengönna in the east, the Saale-Holzland district , and the independent city of Jena with the districts of Closewitz in the south and Krippendorf in the west.

Landscape, water and geology

The landscape is largely shaped by the large, mostly fertile arable land of the upper Gönna valley and the Ilm-Saale-Platte. To the north of Lehesten and Altengönna lies the field , an almost flat plateau with good soil conditions. Forest areas can be found in the area of ​​the Nerkewitzer Grund and south of Lehesten ( stone and tan wood ) and Altengönna (called Pfarrholz or Altengönnaer wood ). There are meadows in the damp lowlands of the brooks, especially around Nerkewitz and northeast of Lehesten. The Nerkewitzer Grund, which is largely remote from the main traffic routes, is characterized by an alternation of forest and meadow areas and is an inexpensive excursion destination and local recreation area.

The Gönnerbach , which rises at Vierzehnheiligen and flows into the Saale at Neuengönna, flows through the municipality and through the places Altengönna, Lehesten and Nerkewitz . Between Nerkewitz and Lehesten the Gönnerbach becomes a reservoir, the memory Nerkewitz or Nerkewitzer reservoir dammed.

Most of the municipality belongs to the Upper Muschelkalk . In some places, especially on the heights, there are fertile loess deposits . Other smaller spots belong to the lower or middle Keuper . The highest elevations are the heights near the Plattenberg in the southeast with approx. 359 m above sea level. NN, the Dornberg in the southwest with 383 m above sea level. NN as well as the plateau in the north with about 310 m above sea level. NN.

history

→ The history of the districts Altengönna , Nerkewitz and Rödigen is dealt with in the respective local articles.

Prehistory and early history

The area between Saale and Ilm has been populated almost continuously since the Neolithic Age. The following cultures and epochs can be identified in the municipality up to the Middle Ages: older to medium linear ceramics (5500–4900 BC), stitched ceramics (4900–4500 BC), cord ceramics (2800–2200 BC), burial mounds (1600–1300 BC), Latène B (400–320 BC), early Roman Empire (0–150 AD). The ribbon ceramic settlements near Nerkewitz are of particularly great scientific importance. The clay idol by Nerkewitz found in 1929 also comes from there .

Affiliation

For many centuries, all of today's parish towns were owned by the Teutonic Order , which was part of the Electoral Saxon office of Eckartsberga . The villages Altengönna and Rödigen belonged to the Kommende Lehesten, while Nerkewitz was assigned to the Kommende Zwatzen. On December 3, 1809, Heinrich Moritz von Berlepsch , the last Commander of the Teutonic Order Ball in Thuringia, died. After the dissolution of the order in 1809, the municipality fell to the newly created office of Zwätze in the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach in 1815 and finally to the office of Jena in 1816.

Viticulture

In all four districts, viticulture and, in some cases, hops can be found in past centuries. The Nerkewitz vineyards at the western end of the Nerkewitzer Grund reached their greatest extent in the 16th century and played a not insignificant role for the village until the 19th century.

History of Lehesten

Lehesten was first mentioned in 1200. The place name is derived from the Slavic word "Lescina", which means hazel bushes.

Population development since 1994

year Residents 1994 571 1995 730 1996 784 1997 807 1998 793 1999 785 2000 797 2001 799

year Residents 2002 801 2003 807 2004 789 2005 798 2006 779 2007 777 2008 764 2009 755

year Residents 2010 725 2011 716 2012 712 2013 700 2014 696 2015 682 2016 676 2017 666

year Residents 2018 665 2019 674

Culture and sights

Lehesten moated castle

The buildings of the moated castle shape the Lehesten townscape. The complex was owned by the Burgraves of Kirchberg and was lent to the Lords of Isserstedt in the 12th century . Individual representatives of this family have called themselves Herren von Lehesten since 1200 . Since the end of the 13th century, this branch of the family developed independently and was resident in Jena as a bourgeois nobility from the 14th to the 16th century. In the course of the Kirchberg feud , the castle was captured by landgraves' troops with the help of heavy siege equipment in May 1304 and probably completely destroyed. A few years later, the burgraves of Lehesten had to cede to the Thuringian landgraves. Subsequently, a branch of the von Meldingen family was enfeoffed with the castle, who rebuilt it and lived there until around 1506. A year later, the Saxon Duke George the Bearded sold the castle and the village of Lehesten to the Teutonic Order . Then the order was coming Lehesten to manage the villages Lehesten, Altengönna and Rödigen. In 1809 the castle and its commander came back to the Kingdom of Saxony and in 1815 to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar . During this time the castle complex developed into an agricultural chamber or state property . It was not until 1998 that it became private again.

The castle complex was originally laid out in a rectangular shape, but it was heavily reshaped by the destruction and several renovations in the 16th and 19th centuries. The moat, which is filled with water, is also only preserved in fragments. The oldest component is the 27 meter high keep .

Lehesten Church

→ Main article : Lehesten village church

The former castle chapel is on the edge of the Lehesten moated castle . Today's evangelical branch church was built as a hall church with a three-sided polygonal choir and a roof turret in the course of renovations in 1550/51 . Only the church bell indicates the medieval chapel . In the south above the arched portal there is a coat of arms with the monogram of the Provincial Commander Duke Christian August von Sachsen-Zeitz with the year 1689.

economy

The central facilities of Gönnatal-agrar eG , the largest employer in the Gönnatal area, are located west of Lehesten .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ^ Heidrun Rhode: The field as a historical archive. A booklet accompanying the prehistoric and early historical collection in the Stiebritz Local History Museum. H. Rhode, Stiebritz 2012.
3. ↑ Hans Rhode, Heidrun Rhode: On the history of viticulture in the Gönnatal. In: Between Saale and Ilm. About life on the Saale-Ilm-Platte through the ages from then to now. Vol. 1, 2009, ZDB -ID 2682264-7 , pp. 27-50 and Vol. 3, 2010, pp. 23-51.
4. ↑ Detlef Ignasiak: On the Saale and in the woodland. A cultural and historical guide through the area around the university town of Jena. quartus-Verlag, Jena 1997, ISBN 3-931505-17-0 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Thuringian State Office for Statistics.
6. ^ Matthias Rupp: Defense organization and defense architecture of the city of Jena in the Middle Ages (= Jena Municipal Museums. Documentation. 14). Hain, Weimar et al. 2004, ISBN 3-89807-077-8 , p. 31.
7. ↑ kirchenkreis-jena.de

Web links

Commons : Lehesten  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• vg-dornburg-camburg.eu