Thomas Naogeorg

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Pammachius , Bern 1545

Thomas Naogeorg (us) , also Thomas Kirchmeyer, Kirchmair, Neubauer (born December 21, 1508 in Straubing , † December 29, 1563 in Wiesloch ) was a German neo-Latin playwright, Protestant theologian, pamphleteer and reformer. With his dramatic poems he had a great impact during the Reformation.

Life

Naogeorg came from a middle-class background. He first entered the Dominican monastery in Regensburg . He left this in 1526 to join the Reformation. He had a thorough humanistic education, which he had acquired in Tübingen with a master's degree. We only hear from himself that he owed Martin Luther the great knowledge of his life and that he was destined to fight. With regard to teaching, he was later free and independent, so that the Wittenberg teachers did not always agree with him.

From 1533 to 1535 he was pastor in Mühltroff , then in Sulza and moved to Kahla in 1541/42 . When he wanted to publish his interpretation of the first letter of John, the Wittenberg reformers Luther and Melanchthon refused permission to print. They took offense at his teaching, the elect kept the Holy Spirit despite their sin. At court he was well respected for his poetry and pushed through the printing of his work, was even taken as a preacher to the Reichstag in Speyer in 1544. After Luther's death, he was again suspected of incorrectly teaching the doctrine of the Lord's Supper. Caspar Aquila turned against him. At the interrogation in Weimar he was able to justify himself regarding the doctrine of the Lord's Supper, but he was rejected regarding the sinlessness of the elect.

Thereupon he left Kahla and went to Augsburg , which previously wanted him to be a preacher. But in the turmoil of the Augsburg interim he was unable to gain a foothold either in Kaufbeuren or in Kempten , Basel and Stuttgart . He couldn't stay in Esslingen am Neckar because he exposed himself too much in a witch trial. When Naogeorg blamed witches for a great hailstorm in 1562 and demanded that they be severely punished, the Stuttgart pastors Matthäus Alber and Wilhelm Bidembach met him in sermons.

Naogeorg made famous his Latin dramas, which were translated not only into German, but also into other languages. His polemics against the papacy are violent. Most of his poems were written during his unsteady wanderings until he died of the plague as a pastor in Wiesloch. In memory of his work, the Wiesloch Evangelical Church Community awards the Thomas Naogeorgus Prize every year for exceptional achievements in Protestant religious instruction .

Works

  • Pammachius , 1538. ( online Berlin 1891, Eds. Johannes Bolte and Erich Schmidt )
  • Mercator seu judicium , tragedy, 1540
  • Incendia seu Pyrgopolinices , Drama, 1541
  • Hamanus , tragedy, 1543
  • Carmen de bello Germanico , poems, 1548
  • Epitome ecclesiasticorum dogmatum , 1548
  • Agricultura sacra , 1550
  • Hieremias , tragedy, 1551
  • Iudas Iscariotes , Drama, 1552
  • Satyrarum libri quinque , 1555
  • Regnum papisticum , 1555
  • Thomas Naogeorg: Complete Works , ed .: Hans-Gert Roloff , Berlin 1975 f. (de Gruyter).

literature

  • Franz Krojer: Naogeorg, in: Aufschluss des Gäubodens, Munich 2006 (Differential Publishing House), ( PDF )
  • Real Encyclopedia for Protestant Theology and Church , Volume 10, page 496, Volume 23, page 764
  • H. Holstein: The reform. in the mirror image of the dramatic literature of the 16th century Halle 1886, page 198
  • Leonhard Theobald : Thomas Naogeorgus, the tendency dramatist of the Reformation period (Neue kirchliche Zeitschrift 17, 1906, pages 764–794 and 18, 1907, pages 65–90, 327–350, 409–425).
  • A. Huebner. Studies on Naogeorgus (Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 54, 1913, pages 297–338 and 57, 1920, pages 193–222).
  • PH Diehl. The dramas of Thomas Naogeorgus in their relationship to the Bible and Luther, dissertation Munich 1915.
  • P. Vetter: Thomas Naogeorgus Escape from Electoral Saxony (Archive for Reformation History 16, 1919, pages 1–53 and 144–189)
  • Leonhard Theobald: On the life story of Thomas Naogeorgus (Journal for Bavarian Church History 6, 1931, page 143-165)
  • H. Levinger: The Stage of Thomas Naogeorgus (Archive for Reformation History 32, 1935, pages 145–166)
  • Werner Friedrich: Thomas Kirchmair, called Naogeorgus. Life picture of an important Straubing man with a bibliography for his biography and work , in: Annual report of the Historical Association for Straubing and the Surrounding Area, vol. 89 (1987), Straubing 1988.
  • Leonhard Theobald: The life and work of the tendency dramatist of the Reformation era Thomas Naogeorgus since his escape from Saxony , Leipzig 1908.
  • Fritz Wiener: Naogeorgus in England during the Reformation (1913).
  • Walther Killy (ed.): Literature Lexicon. Authors and works in German (15 volumes). Gütersloh, Munich: Bertelsmann-Lexikon-Verl., 1988–1991 (CD-ROM: Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-932544-13-7 )
  • Erich Schmidt:  Naogeorg, Thomas . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 245-250.
  • Hans-Gert Roloff:  Naogeorg, Thomas. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 729 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Wolfgang Weber:  Kirchmeyer, Thomas. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 3, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-035-2 , Sp. 1519-1521.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Manfred Eder :  Naogeorgus, Thomas (Kirchmair, Kirchmeyer). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 448-451.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Reto Caluori: Thomas Naogeorg . In: Andreas Kotte (Ed.): Theater Lexikon der Schweiz . Volume 2, Chronos, Zurich 2005, ISBN 3-0340-0715-9 , pp. 1309 f.
  • Hans Rupprich , Hedwig Heger: The German literature from the late Middle Ages to the Baroque. Second part. The Age of Reformation 1520–1570 . CH Beck, Munich 1973, ISBN 3-406-00717-1 . Pages 360-365.

Note

One can still often find in encyclopedias that Naogeorg was born in 1511 in “Hubelschmeiß bei Straubing”. However, there is no such thing as a "bumpy blow". The meaning of "Heubelschmeißer", as Naogeorg was sometimes called, is still uncertain, but almost certainly no reference to his place of birth. The year of birth is now assumed to be 1508/09, not 1511 as it used to be. (See Werner Friedrich 1988)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See detailed quotations from the Esslingen council minutes from Georg Veesenmeyer (1760 - 1833): Small message from des seel. [Christian Karl] at the end of [† 1799] message from Thomas Naogeorgus . In: Litterarian Blätter 12 (1803), Col. 194-200 and 219-223, esp. Col. 198-200 ( Google Books ).
  2. ↑ Cf. Matthäus Alber, Wilhelm Bidembach: A summa of a number of sermons from hail and fiends, gethon in the parish church zuo Stuottgarten in the month of Augusto Anno MDLXII… very useful and comforting to read at this time too. Ulrich Morhart's widow, Tübingen 1562 ( Google Books ).
personal data
SURNAME Naogeorg, Thomas
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Thomas Kirchmair; Thomas Kirchmaier; Thomas Neumeyer; Thomas Neubauer; Thomas Kirchmeyer
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Neo-Latin playwright, Protestant theologian, pamphletist and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH December 21, 1508
PLACE OF BIRTH Straubing
DATE OF DEATH December 29, 1563
Place of death Wiesloch