Office Suhl

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The office of Suhl was an administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony, which was converted into a kingdom in 1806 and belonged to the county of Henneberg . Between 1660 and 1718 the Office for Albertine belonged Sekundogenitur -Fürstentum Saxe-Zeitz .

Until it was ceded to Prussia in 1815, as a Saxon office it formed the spatial reference point for the collection of sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical expansion

The area of the Office Suhl belongs historically to Henneberger country . The administrative area with the city of Suhl was located in a long valley in the south (at least 380 m above sea ​​level ) of the Werran tributaries Lauter and Hasel on the south to west edge of the Thuringian Forest . The city of Suhl is surrounded by mountains between 650 and 983 m altitude.

In the northeast, the official area bordered directly on the Rennsteig and secondary peaks of the Großer Beerberg (983 m) and the Schneekopf (978 m). The village of Goldlauter borders directly to the east on the Goldlauterberg (866 m), which represents the transition from the Schneekopf to the eastern Großer Finsterberg (944 m). The former official area is now in the south of Thuringia and belongs completely to the area of ​​the independent city of Suhl .

Adjacent administrative units

Black Forest Office (Duchy of Saxony-Gotha (-Altenburg))
Office Kühndorf (County of Henneberg, after 1660 to the Principality of Saxony-Zeitz, 1718 to Electoral Saxony, 1815 to Prussia) Neighboring communities Amt Schleusingen (County of Henneberg, after 1660 to the Principality of Saxony-Zeitz, 1718 to Electoral Saxony, 1815 to Prussia)
Amt Schleusingen (County of Henneberg, after 1660 to the Principality of Saxony-Zeitz, 1718 to Electoral Saxony, 1815 to Prussia)

history

Belonging to the county of Henneberg

Documents from the Fulda monastery repeatedly name a place Sulaha between 900 and 1155 . From around 1100 the area belonged to the Counts of Henneberg . In 1274 the county of Henneberg was divided into three lines. The area around Suhl came to the Schleusinger line of the Counts of Henneberg.

The first documented mention of Suhl dates back to the year 1318. The oldest iron hammers in Suhl are mentioned between 1363 and 1365. This proves a previous tradition of iron ore mining that goes back to the middle of the 13th century. In 1527 the prince counts of Henneberg - Schleusingen confirmed Suhl's municipal rights and statutes. In 1553 Suhl was designated as a mining town , which grants the town rights and duties as the seat of the mining administration and the mountain jurisdiction.

Count Wilhelm IV of Henneberg - Schleusingen led the Reformation in 1544 . Lack of money led to a bond to the Wettin Sachsenhaus, as no partner could be found in the Catholic franc .

On September 1, 1554, in the town hall of Kahla between the Ernestine dukes Johann Friedrich II. , Johann Wilhelm I and Johann Friedrich III. the younger , as well as Count Wilhelm, Georg Ernst and Popo von Henneberg, decided on the Ernestine-Henneberg hereditary brotherhood .

Belonging to the Electorate of Saxony

The Kahla contract with the Wettins provided for Henneberg to be taken over by Saxony if the Henneberg line died childless. This case occurred with the death of the last Count von Henneberg -Schleusingen, Georg Ernst, in 1583.

After the duchy counts of Henneberg died out, 7/12 of the Henneberg possessions came to the Ernestines , but they initially remained under joint administration with the remaining 5/12 Albertines based in Meiningen . The rule of Schmalkalden came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel .

Since the Ernestines and Albertines could not agree on the inheritance, the county of Henneberg was dissolved in 1660/61. In the Saxon partition treaty of 1660, 5/12 of the county of Henneberg fell to the Albertines . This affected the offices of Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf , which were now incorporated as exclaves to the Albertine secondary school- principality of Saxony-Zeitz, founded in 1657 . After the Saxony-Zeitz line was extinguished in 1718, the offices of Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf fell to the Electorate of Saxony .

The county of Henneberg belonged to the Franconian Empire until 1806 . It had a bridging function between Franconia and the Thuringian / Saxon area .

Belonging to Prussia

As a result of the defeat of the Kingdom of Saxony , the Congress of Vienna in 1815 decided to assign territories to the Kingdom of Prussia . a. concerned the electoral part of the former Henneberg county with its three offices.

The office of Suhl was finally dissolved in 1821 and incorporated into the Henneberg district with the district town of Schleusingen . The area later renamed Kreis Schleusingen was now a Prussian exclave, which belonged to the administrative district of Erfurt in the province of Saxony . Until its dissolution in 1945 it united the places of the former electoral Saxon offices Schleusingen , Suhl and Kühndorf and the former exclave Schwarza (Thuringian Forest) of the county of Stolberg . With effect from July 1, 1929, Suhl district town and the district office were moved from Schleusingen to Suhl.

Successor of the Schleusingen district after 1945

With the dissolution of the Prussian district government in Erfurt , the Schleusingen district with the district town of Suhl was incorporated into the state of Thuringia in 1945 and renamed the Suhl district in 1946 .

In 1952, after the dissolution of the states in the GDR , Suhl became the district capital and remained so until reunification in 1990. The district reforms in the GDR in 1952 resulted in the new district of Suhl , in which the district of Suhl, with the exception of Vesser , Schmiedefeld am Rennsteig and Stützerbach ( all to the Ilmenau district ) opened up completely. In addition there were Gehlberg from the Arnstadt district , Oberhof from the Gotha district and the formerly independent town of Zella-Mehlis ( Meiningen district ) until 1936 .

Since May 12, 1967, Suhl has been an independent city , which means that the district seat of the area now known as the district of Suhl-Land was moved to Zella-Mehlis .

With the district reform in Thuringia in 1994 , the southeastern part of the district (large part of the former Schleusingen district with the town of Schleusingen ) became part of the Hildburghausen district , the northwestern part (large part of the Kühndorf district ) came to the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district and the Gehlberg community to the Ilm district . Places that bordered directly on the city of Suhl were incorporated there. Suhl remained an independent city.

Components

Cities
stains
Official Villages
Another possession

Chief officers, governors, superintendents

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Udo Jacobs: Mühlen an Steina, Lauter and Hasel . In: Sparkasse Suhl (ed.): Suhler Heimat . tape 1 . Printing and publishing house Erfurt, Suhl 1994, p. 72 .