District of Heiligenstadt
The district of Heiligenstadt was a district in the administrative district of Erfurt in the Prussian province of Saxony from 1816 to 1945 . The district seat was the city of Heiligenstadt . In 1945 the district comprised the two cities of Dingelstädt (Eichsfeld) and Heiligenstadt as well as 65 other communities.
Administrative history
Kingdom of Prussia
As part of the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the new became the April 1, 1816 Circle Obereichsfeld in the administrative district of Erfurt of the Prussian province of Saxony furnished. Its name was later changed to the district of Heiligenstadt . The district office was in Heiligenstadt.
North German Confederation / German Empire
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire .
On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the district of Heiligenstadt in line with the development in the rest of Prussia, in which all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On January 1, 1939, the district of Heiligenstadt was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . After the dissolution of the Province of Saxony on July 1, 1944, the district continued to belong to Prussia, but was now subordinate to the administration of the Reich Governor for Thuringia in Weimar - in alignment with the Reich Defense Districts .
In April 1945 the district was first occupied by the American armed forces and then part of the state of Thuringia in the Soviet zone of occupation .
Soviet occupation zone / German Democratic Republic
On August 8, 1945, the districts of Worbis and Heiligenstadt were merged to form the district of Eichsfeld with its headquarters in Heiligenstadt. The district of Eichsfeld gave several communities to the districts of Nordhausen and Mühlhausen on September 30, 1946 and was renamed the district of Worbis . The district seat remained in Heiligenstadt. On July 25, 1952, the district of Worbis was again divided into the two new districts of Worbis and Heiligenstadt .
Federal Republic of Germany
As part of the municipal reorganization, the Worbis and Heiligenstadt districts were merged to form the Eichsfeld district. The seat of the administration became Heiligenstadt. Worbis lost its status as a district town, but retained some district offices.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 29,939 | |
| 1843 | 40,099 | |
| 1871 | 36,705 | |
| 1890 | 38,319 | |
| 1900 | 39.191 | |
| 1910 | 42.502 | |
| 1925 | 45,719 | |
| 1933 | 48,553 | |
| 1939 | 48.175 |
Local constitution until 1945
The district of Heiligenstadt was divided into cities, into rural communities and - until their complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.
In addition to the two cities of Heiligenstadt and Dingelstädt, the administration for the district of Heiligenstadt was divided into the following administrative districts and local police districts:
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Local courts existed in Heiligenstadt and Dingelstädt.
District administrators
- 1816–1841 Anton von Bodungen (1761–1850)
- 1841–1850 Friedrich Ernst von Hanstein-Ershausen on Bornhagen
- 1850–1857 Friedrich von Hanstein on Bornhagen-Unterhof
- 1857–1864 Alexander von Wussow (1820–1889)
- 1864–1904 Sittig von Hanstein
- 1904–1938 Fritz von Christians
- 1938–1941 Hermann Marggraf
- 1941–1943 Albert Leiterer (acting)
- 1943–1945 Carl Wilhelm Renken (acting)
cities and communes
As of 1939
In 1939 the district of Heiligenstadt comprised two cities and 65 communities:
Municipalities dissolved by 1939
- Goose pond , incorporated into Schachtebich in 1934
Name changes
In the 1930s, the spelling of two parishes changed:
- Kreuzeber → Kreuzebra (1930)
- Rheinholterode → Reinholterode (1935)
Web links
- District of Heiligenstadt on the pages of Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874 - 1945 by Rolf Jehke
literature
- Andreas Degenhardt, Mathias Degenhardt: The district of Heiligenstadt during the First World War. In: EJb 19 (2011), pp. 267–298
- Mathias Degenhardt: The district of Heiligenstadt in the Franco-German War. In: Eichsfelder Heimatzeitschrift. 57th volume (2013), issue 6, pages 209-212
such as
- Ehrhard Müller: The mills in the district of Heiligenstadt . Cordier, Heiligenstadt 1992, ISBN 3-929413-03-5 , pp. 44, format> A5 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Second ordinance on the subdivision of the state of Thuringia from August 8, 1945
- ^ Thirteenth ordinance on the subdivision of the state of Thuringia from September 26, 1946
- ↑ Law on the further democratization of the structure and functioning of state organs in the state of Thuringia of July 25, 1952
- ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Erfurt, p. 357 ( digitized version [accessed January 5, 2017]).
- ^ Handbook of the Province of Saxony . Rubachsche Buchhandlung, Magdeburg 1843, p. 293 ( digitized version [accessed on July 6, 2016]).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Office of Prussia (ed.): The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Saxony. Publishing house d. Royal Extra Bureaus, Berlin 1873 ( digitized [accessed July 5, 2016]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Heiligenstadt. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Municipal directory on the website territorial.de
1922–1952: Altenburg | Altenburg (city) | Apolda (city) | Arnstadt | Arnstadt (city) | District Department Camburg | Eisenach | Eisenach (city) | Erfurt | Erfurt (city) | Gera | Gera (city) | Gotha | Gotha (city) | Greiz | Greiz (city) | Heiligenstadt | Hildburghausen | County of Hohenstein | Ilfeld | Jena | Jena (city) | Langensalza | Meiningen | Mulhouse | Mühlhausen (city) | Nordhausen (city) | Rudolstadt | Saalfeld | Schleiz | Schleusingen | Reign of Schmalkalden | Sondershausen | Sonneberg | Stadtroda | Weimar | Weimar (city) | Weissensee | Worbis | Zella-Mehlis (city) | Ziegenrück . 1952–1994: Altenburg | Apolda | Arnstadt | Artern | Bad Salzungen | Eisenach | Eisenberg | Erfurt-Land | Erfurt (city) | Gera-Land | Gera (city) | Gotha | Greiz | Heiligenstadt | Hildburghausen | Ilmenau | Jena-Land | Jena (city) | Langensalza | Lobenstein | Meiningen | Mulhouse | Neuhaus / Rwg. | Nordhausen | Pößneck | Rudolstadt | Saalfeld | Schleiz | Schmalkalden | Schmölln | Sömmerda | Sondershausen | Sonneberg | Stadtroda | Suhl-Land | Suhl (city) | Weimar-Land | Weimar (city) | Worbis | Zeulenroda .