Kyffhäuserkreis
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 19 ′ N , 10 ° 59 ′ E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Thuringia |
| Administrative headquarters : | Sondershausen |
| Area : | 1,037.91 km 2 |
| Residents: | 74,212 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 72 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | KYF, ART, SDH |
| Circle key : | 16 0 65 |
| NUTS : | DEG0A |
| Circle structure: | 30 parishes |
| Address of the district administration: |
Markt 8 99706 Sondershausen |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Antje Hochwind ( SPD ) |
| Location of the Kyffhäuserkreis in Thuringia | |
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The Kyffhäuserkreis is a district in the north of Thuringia . Neighboring districts in the north are the district of Nordhausen and the Saxony-Anhalt district of Mansfeld-Südharz , in the east the Saale district and the Burgenland district , both also belonging to Saxony-Anhalt. In the south is the district of Sömmerda and the Unstrut-Hainich district . In the west is the Eichsfeld district .
Popular with tourists are the Sondershausen Castle and the visitor mine in Sondershausen, the model railway in Wiehe , the Peasant War Panorama in Bad Frankenhausen , the Barbarossa Cave in Rottleben and the Kyffhäuser Monument .
geography
The district is located in the southeastern Harz foreland . It is characterized by large agricultural areas, which are interrupted by the smallest mountain range in Europe, the Kyffhäuser , as well as the Windleite and the Hainleite . These low mountain ranges are also a popular hiking area. The altitude of the district is between 114 and 522 m above sea level. NN .
Rivers in the region are the Helbe in the west, the Wipper in the middle and the Unstrut in the east of the district. The valley of the Unstrut around the town of Bad Frankenhausen is also called the Diamantene Aue . The golden and diamond floodplain unite near the city of Artern .
history
The district was created on July 1, 1994 by merging the districts of Artern and Sondershausen . While the Artern district, which was only founded in 1952, was part of the Halle district during the GDR , the old Sondershausen district belonged to Thuringia as early as 1946 and, after the dissolution of the federal states, to the Erfurt district . This district owes its name to the Kyffhäuser, on which the Kyffhäuser monument of the same name by Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa, the former Imperial Castle Kyffhausen and a radio tower are located.
Population development
Development of the population:
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- Data source: from 1994 Thuringian State Office for Statistics - values from December 31st
politics
On September 23, 2008 the district received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the Federal Government .
District council
| Political party | Seats | |
| CDU | 10 (-3) | |
| SPD | 10 (–2) | |
| AfD | 7 (+7) | |
| left | 7 (-3) | |
| FWuL | 3 (+3) | |
| Green | 1 (± 0) | |
| NPD | 1 (-1) | |
| FDP | 1 (± 0) | |
| VIBT | 0 (-1) | |
| total | 40 |
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(As of: local election on May 26, 2019 )
District Administrator
In the 2012 district election, Antje Hochwind prevailed over her predecessor, Peter Hengstermann , in the runoff election. She was re-elected in the 2018 election. Hengstermann had previously been District Administrator in the Sondershausen district since 1990 and in the Kyffhäuserkreis since 1994.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on October 26, 1994 by the Thuringian State Administration Office.
Blazon : “In blue, an erect, golden, red-armored and tongued lion, leaning on a shield, on a green mountain of three with a silver border. The shield is quartered; Fields 1 and 4: are divided five times by red and silver; Field 2 and 3: in silver, six red rolls in two rows. The Dreiberg is covered with a silver wavy strip and a silver wavy thread. "
The golden lion in the blue field, the so-called Käfernburger lion, is the ancestral coat of arms of the Count, later Princely House of Schwarzburg, to whose territories most of the district belonged. The quartered shield shows the coat of arms of the Counts of Mansfeld, to whose territory Artern still belonged in the 18th century, until it was first given to Electoral Saxony and then in 1815 to Prussia (Province of Saxony). The green Dreiberg symbolizes the mountainous, wooded landscape, in particular the three mountain ranges Hainleite, Windleite and the Kyffhäuser Mountains, which give the district its name. The silver wavy bar is a symbol of the unstrut flowing through the eastward part of the circle, the silver wavy thread a symbol of the Wipper flowing through the western part of the circle.
An overview of the coats of arms of the cities and municipalities of the district can be found in the list of coats of arms in the Kyffhäuserkreis .
District partnerships
There is a partnership with the southern Polish district of Olkusz .
Economy and Infrastructure
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the Kyffhäuserkreis took 394th place out of 402 rural districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the regions with “very high future risks”.
Companies
The Kyffhäuserkreis is located in a structurally weak region. Despite the sharp decline in the number of employees, the Kyffhäuserkreis is still characterized by traditional industrial and handicraft companies, with small and medium-sized companies, especially in the electrical industry and mechanical engineering , predominating. The potash and electrical industries determined the region around today's district town of Sondershausen for almost a century. In the city of Artern , the tradition of iron processing and mechanical engineering was founded in the second half of the 19th century. Internationally active companies such as Wago Kontakttechnik GmbH, Lexel electric GmbH, Demag Ergotech GmbH or TWB Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH & Co. KG as well as numerous small and medium-sized companies continue the local tradition in the electrical and mechanical engineering industry. Thanks to these companies, the Kyffhäuserkreis achieved 5th place in a comparison of Thuringia (January - September 2007) with an export quota of approx. 42% to Jena and before Gera (Thuringian State Office for Statistics). The high export quota is a strength and indicates the high proportion of employees in the export-oriented economy and its importance for the district. In this area, slight growth is forecast until 2015. (empirica ag; "Economy and Housing in Germany - Regional Forecasts up to 2015")
While the copper shale , lignite , barite and reading mining never achieved any significant importance, the potash mining flourished at the Sondershausen and Roßleben sites . After reunification, the potash sites were closed due to a lack of profitability. Since December 8, 2004, small amounts of industrial salt have been mined again at the Sondershausen site. A specialty is the adventure mine there , in the oldest drivable potash mine in the world.
From research in the potash industry of the GDR and the revitalization of the potash mining sites , the still young field of environmental and disposal technology has developed (e.g. K-UTEC AG Salt Technologies). With the Nordhausen University of Applied Sciences , a degree in land and material recycling, a scientific research and training institution has also been in the immediate vicinity since 2002.
The Business and Innovation Center (BIC) North Thuringia at the Sondershausen location supports founders and young companies, especially from the electrical engineering, metal, mechanical and plant engineering and environmental technology sectors. In the immediate vicinity of the BIC, several electrical engineering companies and industrial service providers have found their location in the Hainleite and Jecha industrial areas .
Due to the decline of potash mining and large mechanical engineering companies in the years after reunification, the district has by far the highest unemployment rate in Thuringia at 19.3 percent (as of March 2009; Thuringia: 12.7%) and the third highest (by district) unemployment rate in Germany. This structural weakness is like all East German districts u. a. opposed to the Objective 1 support area of the European Regional Development Fund .
Between January 2005 and November 2009, the unemployment rate in the Kyffhäuserkreis almost halved from 26.9% to 13.7%. In no other Thuringian district, in no independent city in Thuringia, was a decrease of this amount recorded. At times - for the first time in many years - the “red lantern” could be handed in. In the same period, the number of people in employment (civilian labor force minus the unemployed) in the Kyffhäuserkreis increased noticeably. In November 2009, 37,147 people were gainfully employed, 3,627 employees or 11% more than in January 2005 (calculations based on information from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics). The largest employer in the Kyffhäuserkreis is WAGO Kontakttechnik GmbH in Sondershausen with 1,119 employees (January 2010) - at the same time the largest employer in Northern Thuringia and the fourth largest in the Free State (Thüringer Staatsanzeiger 10/2010).
traffic
Road traffic
The largely completed A 71 runs between the state border near Artern / Unstrut (motorway triangle Südharz in Saxony-Anhalt A 71 / A 38) and the state border in the south (direction Schweinfurt with connection to the A 70), the most important one at the “Erfurter Kreuz” A 4 crosses the west-east connection . The A 38 connects the metropolitan areas of Göttingen / Kassel ( A 7 ) and Halle / Leipzig ( A 9 ). The federal highways 4 , 84 , 85 , 86 and 249 run through the district area .
Transportation
In the Kyffhäuserkreis, the Nordhausen-Erfurt Railway Company opened its line via Sondershausen-Hohenebra-Greußen in 1869. Since 1883 the state railway of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen branched off from it in Hohenebra to Ebeleben.
A local railway junction was established there after the Ebeleben – Mühlhausen railway line was opened in 1897 and the Greußen-Ebeleben-Keulaer railway from Herrmann Bachstein opened in 1901 .
The former Artern district has been crossed by the Sangerhausen – Erfurt line of the Magdeburg-Halberstädter Railway Company since 1879 . It was connected from 1894 to 2006 by the Kyffhäuserbahn Bretleben – Sondershausen via Bad Frankenhausen with the Nordhausen-Erfurt railway. As with the Artern – Naumburg line, which was completed in 1889, the Prussian State Railway was built .
On both sides of the Kyffhäuser Mountains, two branch lines supplemented the line network:
- 1907: the Esperstedt – Oldisleben line operated by Bachstein and
- 1916: the Kyffhäuser Kleinbahn from Artern to Berga-Kelbra.
The entire network reached a length of 191 km. Of these, the following 114-kilometer-long lines were closed:
- 1959: Esperstedt – Oldisleben 4 km
- 1966: Berga – Kelbra – Ichstedt – Artern 12 km
- 1968: Greußen – Ebeleben 18 km
- 1969: Ebeleben - Holzthaleben - Keula 14 km
- 1974: Schlotheim – Rockensußra – Ebeleben Nbf 5 km and Hohenebra – Ebeleben 9 km
- 2006: Sondershausen – Bad Frankenhausen – Bretleben 32 km
- 2006: Reinsdorf – Roßleben – Nebra 22 km
In the Kyffhäuserkreis today only regional express or regional trains run on the following routes:
- RE Magdeburg - Sangerhausen - Artern - Sömmerda - Erfurt (every two hours, alternating with RB)
- RB Sangerhausen – Artern – Sömmerda – Erfurt (every two hours, alternating with RE)
- RE / RB Nordhausen - Sondershausen - Greußen - Erfurt (every two hours alternating between RE ↔ RB)
In addition, local public transport in the west of the district is ensured by regional bus routes operated by the regional bus company Unstrut-Hainich- und Kyffhäuserkreis . In the east, buses run by Verkehrsgesellschaft Südharz GmbH .
air traffic
Apart from a special landing site in Bad Frankenhausen- Udersleben, on which aircraft with a takeoff weight of up to 5.7 t can operate, there are no larger airports in the Kyffhäuserkreis. The nearest airports are:
- Erfurt-Weimar Airport (approx. 56 km from Sondershausen)
- Leipzig / Halle Airport (approx. 82 km from Artern)
landscape
The landscape of the Kyffhäuserkreis is determined by wide forests (many beeches) in the ridges of the Hainleite, the Windleite and the Kyffhäusers. A species-rich flora developed, especially orchids, such as the yellow lady's slipper , the white forest bird , the helmet orchid or the fox's orchid . The southern slope of the Kyffhäuser Mountains has a typical dry flora, as there is very little rainfall. The Hohe Schrecke in the southeast is the largest nature reserve in Thuringia.
Protected areas
There are 23 designated nature reserves in the district (as of January 2017).
Communities
Artern / Unstrut and Sondershausen are designated as middle centers according to the regional plan.
The basic centers are Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser , Ebeleben , Greußen and, to a certain extent, Heldrungen / Oldisleben and Roßleben / Wiehe .
(Residents on December 31, 2019)
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community-free municipalities
Administrative association
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For the terms "administrative community" and "fulfilling community" see administrative community and fulfilling community (Thuringia) .
Territorial changes
Communities
- Dissolution of the communities of Kleinbrüchter and Toba - incorporation into Helbedündorf (September 2, 1995)
- Dissolution of the community of Schönfeld - incorporation into Artern (November 17, 1995)
- Dissolution of the community of Gundersleben - incorporation into Ebeleben (January 1, 1996)
- Dissolution of the communities Großberndten , Hohenebra , Immenrode , Kleinberndten , Schernberg , Straussberg and Thalebra - formation of the community Schernberg (January 1, 1996)
- Dissolution of the communities Feldengel , Holzengel , Kirchengel , Niederspier , Otterstedt , Rohnstedt and Westerengel as well as the city of Großenehrich - formation of the city of Großenehrich (January 1, 1996)
- Dissolution of the municipalities Berka , Großfurra and Oberspier - incorporation into Sondershausen (January 1, 1998)
- Dissolution of the communities Bottendorf and Schönewerda - incorporation into Roßleben (April 1, 1999)
- The community of Roßleben is elevated to a city (April 13, 1999)
- Dissolution of the Esperstedt community - incorporation into Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser (December 1, 2007)
- Dissolution of the community of Schernberg - incorporation into Sondershausen (December 1, 2007)
- Dissolution of the municipalities of Badra , Bendeleben , Göllingen , Günserode , Hachelbich , Rottleben , Seega and Steinthaleben - formation of the municipality of Kyffhäuserland (December 31, 2012)
- Dissolution of the city of Artern / Unstrut and the communities of Heygendorf and Voigtstedt - formation of the city and rural community of Artern (January 1, 2019)
- Dissolution of the municipalities of Ichstedt and Ringleben - incorporation into Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser (January 1, 2019)
- Dissolution of the cities of Roßleben and Wiehe and the communities of Donndorf and Nausitz - formation of the city and rural community of Roßleben-Wiehe (January 1, 2019)
- Dissolution of the city of Heldrungen and the communities of Bretleben , Gorsleben , Hauteroda , Hemleben and Oldisleben - formation of the city and rural community An der Schmücke (January 1, 2019)
- Dissolution of the municipality of Thüringenhausen - integration after Ebeleben (December 31, 2019)
Administrative communities and fulfilling communities
- Expansion of the administrative community Greußen to include the municipality of Trebra (November 29, 1994)
- Expansion of the Kyffhäuser community to include the municipality of Oberbösa (November 29, 1994)
- The city of Sondershausen becomes a fulfilling community for Großfurra (February 4, 1995)
- The city of Sondershausen becomes a fulfilling community for Berka (March 17, 1995)
- The city of Sondershausen becomes a fulfilling municipality for Oberspier (June 16, 1995)
- Dissolution of the administrative community Helbetal - the communities Kleinbrüchter and Toba are incorporated into Helbedündorf ; the remaining eight member municipalities become independent municipalities (September 1, 1995)
- Roßleben becomes a fulfilling community for Bottendorf and Schönewerda (September 2, 1995)
- The city of Ebeleben becomes a fulfilling community for Abtsbessingen , Bellstedt , Freienbessingen , Holzsußra , Kleinbrüchter , Rockstedt , Thuringia , Wolferschwenda (October 20, 1995)
- Outsourcing of the city of Artern / Unstrut and the community of Schönfeld from the administrative community Mittelzentrum Artern (November 16, 1995)
- The city of Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser becomes a fulfilling municipality for Esperstedt (December 29, 1995)
- Dissolution of the administrative community Grossenehrich - formation of the city Grossenehrich from the member communities (January 1, 1996)
- Dissolution of the administrative community Schernberg - formation of the community Schernberg from the member communities (January 1, 1996)
- Expansion of the administrative community Greußen to include the municipality of Niederbösa (January 1, 1996)
- The city of Wiehe becomes a fulfilling municipality for Donndorf (March 15, 1996)
- The city of Sondershausen is no longer a fulfilling community for Berka , Großfurra and Oberspier (December 30, 1997)
- Roßleben is no longer a fulfilling community for Bottendorf and Schönewerda (March 31, 1999)
- The city of Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser is no longer a fulfilling municipality for Esperstedt (December 1, 2007)
- Expansion of the administrative community Greußen to include the city of Großenehrich (December 1, 2010)
- Dissolution of the Kyffhäuser community - formation of the Kyffhäuserland community from the member communities with the exception of the Oberbösa community , this changes to the Greußen administrative community (December 31, 2012)
- Dissolution of the administrative community Mittelzentrum Artern - merger of the city of Artern / Unstrut and the communities of Heygendorf and Voigtstedt ; Incorporation of the communities Ichstedt and Ringleben into Bad Frankenhausen / Kyffhäuser ; Merger of the cities of Roßleben and Wiehe and the communities of Donndorf and Nausitz ; the city of Wiehe is no longer a fulfilling community for Donndorf
- Dissolution of the administrative community An der Schmücke - formation of the city and rural community An der Schmücke from the member communities Stadt Heldrungen and the communities Bretleben , Gorsleben , Hauteroda , Hemleben and Oldisleben ; this becomes a fulfilling community for Etzleben and Oberheldrungen (January 1st, 2019)
- The city of Ebeleben is no longer a fulfilling municipality for Thuringenhausen (December 31, 2019)
Name changes
- from administrative community Artern-Reinsdorf to administrative community Mittelzentrum Artern (June 29, 1994)
License Plate
On July 1, 1994, the district was assigned the vehicle distinguishing signs ART (Artern) and SDH (Sondershausen). These were replaced on February 1, 1995 by the new distinctive sign KYF . Since November 24, 2012 the abbreviations ART and SDH are available again.
literature
- Horst Müller: Forays through the Kyffhäuserland . Illustrated book with numerous color photos by Tosca Werner, editor: Peter Michel. With a foreword by Bernhard Vogel , the then Prime Minister of Thuringia. 128 pages, format 27 cm wide × 36 cm high, limited edition, Solingen 2001, without ISBN
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics ( help on this ).
- ↑ District election in the Kyffhäuserkreis 2019 In: wahlen.thueringen.de .
- ↑ District election 2018 Kyffhäuserkreis. Retrieved January 14, 2019 .
- ^ New Thuringian Wappenbuch Volume 2, page 21; Publisher: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Thüringen e. V. 1998 ISBN 3-9804487-2-X
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
- ↑ Regional plan North Thuringia from June 27, 2012 , accessed on October 16, 2016
- ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics ( help on this ).
Cities : Eisenach | Erfurt | Gera | Jena | Suhl | Weimar
Districts : Altenburger Land | Eichsfeld | Gotha | Greiz | Hildburghausen | Ilm district | Kyffhäuserkreis | Nordhausen | Saale-Holzland district | Saale-Orla district | Saalfeld-Rudolstadt | Schmalkalden-Meiningen | Sömmerda | Sonneberg | Unstrut-Hainich Circle | Wartburg district | Weimar Country