District of Helmstedt
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ' N , 10 ° 53' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Lower Saxony |
| Administrative headquarters : | Helmstedt |
| Area : | 674.02 km 2 |
| Residents: | 91,297 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 135 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | HE |
| Circle key : | 03 1 54 |
| NUTS : | DE917 |
| Circle structure: | 23 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Südertor 6 38350 Helmstedt |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Gerhard Radeck ( CDU ) |
| Location of the district of Helmstedt in Lower Saxony | |
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The district of Helmstedt is a district in the east of Lower Saxony on the border with Saxony-Anhalt .
With an area of around 670 km², the Helmstedt district is one of the smallest in Lower Saxony. The district consists of the three cities Helmstedt , Schöningen and Königslutter am Elm as well as 20 other communities.
geography
location
The district is located in the northern Harz foreland and lies on the threshold of the North German Plain .
Neighboring areas
The district borders in a clockwise direction in the northeast with the districts Börde and Harz (both in Saxony-Anhalt ) as well as the district Wolfenbüttel , the district-free city of Braunschweig , the district Gifhorn and the district-free city Wolfsburg (all in Lower Saxony).
Landscape and climate
The landscape is shaped by the Elm and Lappwald ridges , which form the nature park of the same name .
Climatically, the area lies in the transition zone between maritime and continental weather influences.
structure
The number of inhabitants on December 31, 2019 in brackets.
- Helmstedt , district town , independent municipality (25,712)
- Königslutter am Elm , City (15,704)
- Teaching (12,129)
- Schöningen , City (11,212)
Joint municipalities with their member municipalities
* Seat of the joint municipality administration
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unincorporated areas (all uninhabited)
- Brunsleberfeld (4.09 km²)
- Helmstedt (18.56 km²)
- Königslutter (8.90 km²)
- Mariental (15.81 km²)
- Schöningen (11.92 km²)
Former parishes
The following table lists all former municipalities in the Helmstedt district and their subsequent affiliation:
history
A district of Helmstedt has existed since January 1, 1833 and was part of the Duchy of Braunschweig when it was founded . It was divided into the offices of Helmstedt , Schöningen , Königslutter , Vorsfelde and Calvörde . The population of the district at that time was a little over 40,000 inhabitants; more than 90% of the population lived from agriculture . The district management was located in the current building of the Zone Border Museum in Helmstedt. In 1871 all municipalities belonging to the district were merged into a municipal association, whose organs were the district assembly (today's district council ) and the district committee .
The Braunschweig – Helmstedt – Magdeburg railway was put into operation in 1872 and, like the development of the “Trendelbusch” open-cast lignite mine two years later, ensured an economic upswing in the area between Elm and Lappwald. In the period that followed, lignite mining shaped the landscape and the economic development of the region through a large expansion of the open-cast mine.
The Reichsautobahn 6 (Hanover – Berlin) leading through the district was completed in 1937 and ensured a good infrastructural connection to the area. Today's Bundesautobahn 2 is one of the busiest roads in Germany.
Since 1939 the lower administrative authorities in the Reich - outside of Prussia - have been uniformly referred to as a district.
Towards the end of the Second World War in April 1945, the region was occupied by American troops. The district of Helmstedt fell into the British zone of occupation after the end of the war ; the district's Calvörde exclave was, however, added to the Soviet occupation zone due to its eastern location . At the same time, the Preußisch Offleben community moved from the Haldensleben district to the Helmstedt district and merged with the Offleben community there. During the Cold War , the Helmstedt district was on the immediate border with the Soviet sphere of influence. The Helmstedt checkpoint, which was established in July 1945, developed during this time - due to its geographical proximity to West Berlin - into the largest European border crossing.
In 1946, the Helmstedt district became part of the newly founded state of Lower Saxony and was part of the Braunschweig administrative district . Due to the strong influx of refugees from the eastern areas, the population of the district - despite the loss of the administrative district of Calvörde - reached a high of over 131,000 in 1950.
The uniform license plate "HE" for the district was introduced in July 1956.
As part of changes to the district area in 1972 and 1974, the city of Vorsfelde was transferred to the independent city of Wolfsburg , and the newly created community of Rüßen with Brechtorf and Eischott went to the district of Gifhorn . In return, a number of communities between Wolfsburg and Königslutter came from the Gifhorn district to the Helmstedt district; These gains make up the enlarged communities of Lehr and Rennau as well as part of the areas that are united with the city of Königslutter.
On November 1, 2016, Ingeleben , Söllingen and Twieflingen were merged to form the new municipality of Söllingen.
On July 1, 2017, Büddenstedt and Helmstedt merged to form the new city of Helmstedt .
Population development
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politics
District Administrator
Gerhard Radeck ( CDU ) has been the district administrator since September 28, 2016 . His deputies are Rolf-Dieter Backhauß ( SPD ) and Burkhard Beese (CDU). For his predecessors, see the list of district administrators in the Helmstedt district .
District council
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
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| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 34.47 | 15th | 41.90 | 18th | 41.80 | 18th | 44.32 | 22nd |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 33.65 | 14th | 34.82 | 15th | 36.74 | 15th | 40.30 | 20th |
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 8.00 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 7.63 | 3 | 9.03 | 4th | 4.89 | 2 | 3.74 | 1 |
| UWG | Independent voter community | 5.84 | 2 | 5.71 | 2 | 5.68 | 2 | 3.75 | 2 |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 4.35 | 2 | 3.14 | 1 | 6.26 | 3 | 4.78 | 2 |
| NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | 1.64 | 1 | 3.05 | 1 | 3.26 | 1 | 1.98 | 0 |
| LEFT | Die Linke (2001 as PDS ) | 1.53 | 1 | 2.30 | 1 | 1.37 | 1 | 1.12 | 0 |
| TARGET | Elm-Lappwald Future Initiative | 1.35 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| POLITICAL PARTY | The party | 0.75 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Others | Other and individual applicants | 0.74 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| total | 100 | 42 | 100 | 42 | 100 | 42 | 100 | 47 | |
| Voter turnout in% | 55.10% | 55.88% | 51.39% | 59.36% | |||||
(Source under :)
Landtag constituency Helmstedt
See: Landtag constituency Helmstedt - Official results of the district on the elections of the Lower Saxony state parliaments
coat of arms
The design of the municipal coat of arms for the Helmstedt district comes from the Hanover State Archives and from the heraldist and coat of arms painter Gustav Völker , who designed all the coats of arms in the Hanover region. The coat of arms was adopted by the district council on December 12, 1951 and the Lower Saxony Minister of the Interior approved it on July 9, 1952.
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Blazon : "In blue over gold split tag above the Silver Lower Saxony and Brunswick horse , down a green ear , crossed by a black Bergmannsgezähe ." |
| Reasons for the coat of arms: The coat of arms of the Helmstedt district is a modern creation, although the Braunschweig national colors indicate that it has belonged to the state of Braunschweig for many years . However, the shield is derived from the Brunswick-Lüneburg half of the coat of arms. The green ear symbolizes the intensive agriculture in the district. Mallets and irons indicate lignite mining and the extraction of salt, which are two important industries in the region. |
Partnerships
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Powiat Wejherowski , Poland , since 2003
Merger plans
On March 15, 2013, the district council unanimously decided to start merger negotiations with the city of Wolfsburg . The aim of these negotiations should be the dissolution of the Helmstedt district and the formation of a community association Wolfsburg-Helmstedt. On March 13, 2013, the City Council of Wolfsburg also voted unanimously to start negotiations. The merger plans in the form of a community association Wolfsburg-Helmstedt were rejected by the state of Lower Saxony as incompatible with the Lower Saxony constitution. However, neither the district council of the Helmstedt district nor the council of the city of Wolfsburg have taken a decision to officially declare the merger negotiations over. In this respect, the merger talks are on hold until further notice.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economic development of the district is strongly influenced by the neighboring regional centers of Braunschweig and Wolfsburg. One of the largest employers in the region is the Volkswagen plant located in neighboring Wolfsburg with a large catchment area.
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Since the end of the 19th century, large areas of lignite have been mined in opencast mines in the southern district ( Helmstedter Revier ) , which also greatly changed the landscape of the region. The lignite was mined by Braunschweigische Kohlen-Bergwerke AG (BKB) and converted into electricity by its own power plants. For many years, the BKB was the largest employer in the Helmstedt district. Today, the generation and supply of energy is handled by companies in the E.ON Group .
In the municipality of Grasleben in the north of the district, rock salt has been extracted in a salt mine for many decades . The mine is now operated by the esco company.
Agriculture has traditionally played an important role in the rural district of Helmstedt. In particular, sugar beet cultivation has been practiced on a large scale since the beginning of the 19th century.
The largest employer in the district is the AWO Psychiatry Center in Königslutter with around 1050 jobs .
The district is crossed by the federal motorway 2 in a west-east direction and provides a connection to the major cities of Braunschweig and Magdeburg. The industrial centers in Wolfsburg and Salzgitter can be reached via the federal motorway 39 . The federal highways 1 , 82 , 244 and 245 a connect the district with the federal trunk road network.
The Helmstedt district is connected to the German railway network with stops on the Braunschweig – Magdeburg railway line, which is used by intercity and regional trains.
Culture and sights
Cultural association
The district is a member of the registered association Braunschweigische Landschaft based in Braunschweig. It was founded to maintain cultural institutions in the region. He is also a member of Deuregio Ostfalen , a registered association based in Helmstedt.
Protected areas, natural monuments
In addition to landscape protection areas and natural monuments, there are ten designated nature protection areas in the district (as of February 2017).
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the Helmstedt district
- List of landscape protection areas in the Helmstedt district
- List of natural monuments in the Helmstedt district
- List of protected landscape components in the Helmstedt district
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the HE distinguishing mark when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today.
literature
- Hans Walter Conrady: District of Helmstedt: history, landscape, economy . Gerhard Stalling AG, Oldenburg 1965.
- Wolfgang Kleine: The district of Helmstedt . Communication and Economy, Oldenburg 1986, ISBN 3-88363-048-9 .
Web links
- Official website of the district of Helmstedt
- Official website of the Tourismusgemeinschaft Elm-Lappwald e. V.
- Tourist information for the town and surroundings of Schöningen, Elm Nature Park and Palaeon Adventure Center
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ^ Ulrich Schubert: Register of local authorities Germany 1900 - Helmstedt district. Information from December 1, 1910. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. January 5, 2020, accessed February 27, 2020 .
- ↑ Rolf Jehke: Community directory Landkreis Helmstedt. In: territorial.de. January 1, 1945, accessed February 26, 2018 .
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Helmstedt district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ History 1832 to 1899. In: Website Landkreis Helmstedt. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Statistical yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany. In: Website DigiZeitschriften - The German digital magazine archive. 1973, Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Community directory - archive - regional structure - annual editions - Lower Saxony. (All politically independent municipalities in EXCEL format). In: Destatis website. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on February 27, 2020 .
- ↑ Beatrix Flatt: Gerhard Radeck starts work in the district administration. In: Website Helmstedter Nachrichten. September 28, 2016, accessed February 26, 2018 .
- ↑ Overall results of the district election 2016. In: Website Zweckverband Kommunale Datenverarbeitung Oldenburg (KDO). September 11, 2016, accessed February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Results of the local elections in 2001 and 2006. In: Website Lower Saxony State Office for Statistics. 2007, accessed February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Result of the local elections 2011. (No longer available online.) In: Website Lower Saxony State Office for Statistics. September 12, 2011, archived from the original on October 5, 2017 ; accessed on April 20, 2019 .
- ↑ District of Hanover (ed.): Wappenbuch district of Hanover . Self-published, Hanover 1985.
- ^ A b Arnold Rabbow: Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . The coats of arms of the communities and districts in the urban and rural districts of Braunschweig, Gandersheim, Gifhorn, Goslar, Helmstedt, Peine, Salzgitter, Wolfenbüttel and Wolfsburg. Ed .: Braunschweiger Zeitung, Salzgitter Zeitung and Wolfsburger Nachrichten. Eckensberger & Co Verlag, Braunschweig 1977, p. 58-59 .
- ^ Course of negotiations with Wolfsburg. In: Website of the district of Helmstedt. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
- ^ Fusion of Helmstedt and Wolfsburg. In: Website Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport. December 13, 2013, accessed February 26, 2018 .
- ↑ Information on the possible merger. In: Website of the district of Helmstedt. Retrieved February 26, 2018 .
Counties : Ammerland | Aurich | Celle | Cloppenburg | Cuxhaven | Diepholz | Emsland | Friesland | Gifhorn | Goslar | Göttingen | County of Bentheim | Hameln-Pyrmont | Harburg | Heidekreis | Helmstedt | Hildesheim | Holzminden | Empty | Lüchow-Dannenberg | Lüneburg | Nienburg / Weser | Northeim | Oldenburg | Osnabrück | Osterholz | Peine | Rotenburg (Wümme) | Schaumburg | Stade | Uelzen | Vechta | Verden | Wesermarsch | Wittmund | Wolfenbüttel
Region : Hanover
Independent cities : Braunschweig | Delmenhorst | Emden | Oldenburg (Oldb) | Osnabrück | Salzgitter | Wilhelmshaven | Wolfsburg