County of Grafschaft Bentheim

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Grafschaft Bentheim district Map of Germany, position of the Grafschaft Bentheim district highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 29 '  N , 7 ° 1'  E

Basic data
Existing period: 1885–
State : Lower Saxony
Regional association : Emsland landscape
Administrative headquarters : Nordhorn
Area : 980.87 km 2
Residents: 137,162 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 140 inhabitants per km 2
License plate : NOH
Circle key : 03 4 56
Circle structure: 25 municipalities
Address of the
district administration:
Van-Delden-Strasse 1-7
48529 Nordhorn
Website : www.grafschaft-bentheim.de
District Administrator : Uwe Fietzek (independent)
Location of the county of Bentheim in Lower Saxony
Landkreis Göttingen Landkreis Holzminden Landkreis Schaumburg Landkreis Goslar Region Hannover Landkreis Hildesheim Salzgitter Landkreis Wolfenbüttel Braunschweig Landkreis Wolfenbüttel Landkreis Peine Landkreis Hameln-Pyrmont Landkreis Helmstedt Wolfsburg Landkreis Gifhorn Landkreis Nienburg/Weser Landkreis Northeim Landkreis Diepholz Freie Hansestadt Bremen Freie Hansestadt Bremen Hamburg Hamburg Königreich der Niederlande Nordrhein-Westfalen Hessen Thüringen Schleswig-Holstein Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Brandenburg Sachsen-Anhalt Osnabrück Landkreis Osnabrück Delmenhorst Oldenburg (Oldb) Landkreis Wesermarsch Landkreis Vechta Landkreis Emsland Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim Landkreis Leer Emden Landkreis Leer Landkreis Cloppenburg Landkreis Ammerland Wilhelmshaven Mellum Landkreis Aurich Landkreis Aurich Landkreis Wittmund Landkreis Aurich Landkreis Friesland Landkreis Oldenburg Landkreis Cuxhaven Landkreis Osterholz Landkreis Verden Landkreis Stade Landkreis Harburg Landkreis Lüneburg Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg Landkreis Heidekreis Landkreis Uelzen Landkreis Celle Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)map
About this picture

The county of Bentheim is located in the southwest of Lower Saxony on the state border with the Netherlands and the state border with North Rhine-Westphalia . The district town and largest city in the district is Nordhorn with over 53,000 inhabitants.

geography

location

Boundary stone between Hesingen ( Halle ) and Hezingen ( Tubbergen )

The county of Bentheim lies directly on the German-Dutch border; the Lower County largely protrudes into the neighboring country. The Wielen district of Vennebrügge is the westernmost place on the Lower Saxony mainland.

In terms of nature , the county of Bentheim belongs to the Ems-Weser- Geest in the central North German lowlands . According to the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the county is part of the Dümmer -Geest lowland with the code number 58 , in the BfN system the county is part of the Dümmer-Geest low-rise and Ems-Hunte-Geest with the code D30.

Neighboring areas

The district of Grafschaft Bentheim borders in a clockwise direction to the north, beginning with the district of Emsland (in Lower Saxony) and the districts of Steinfurt and Borken (both in North Rhine-Westphalia ). To the west are the Dutch provinces of Overijssel (southwest) and Drenthe (northwest).

climate

The district is located in the warm temperate climate zone of Central Europe. The average annual temperature is around 9 degrees Celsius and the average annual rainfall around 800 millimeters.

landscape

The county is mainly agricultural, in the north (in the Lower County are) large moorland and heaths , in the south (in the upper county ) extends to the Bentheimer mountain , a spur of the Teutoburg Forest ( 92  m above sea level.  NN ). The next higher elevations in the county of Bentheim are the Poascheberg in Hesingen / Halle ( 89  m above sea  level ) and the Isterberg ( 68  m above sea  level ). The Münsterländer gravel sand train begins southwest of Schüttorf in the hill Samerott, which is 53  m above sea level. NN the south-west adjoining valley of the Vechte towers over 20 meters.

The largest proportion of the total area of ​​the Grafschaft Bentheim district is made up of agricultural land with 67.9%. In addition, 15.4% of the area is covered with forest; 6.8% of the area is covered with buildings, 5.1% with traffic routes.

There are 17 nature reserves (around 4,000 ha in total) and eight landscape protection areas (around 6,500 ha) in the area of ​​the district .

See also:

Panoramic view from the Isterberg

Waters

The Vechte in Emlichheim

The district is traversed lengthways from southeast to northwest by the Vechte , which flows into the Zwarte Water on the other side of the border . The settlement area has always been shaped by the Vechte; the river served as the most important traffic route until modern times. In terms of landscape, the district corresponds to the middle Vechtal. The watershed between the Vechte as a tributary of the IJsselmeer and the Ems , which flows into the Dollart , also roughly marks the border between the regions Emsland and Bentheim. The most important tributaries of the Vechte are the Dinkel and Lee . In addition, many smaller streams and lakes shape the diverse landscape of the Grafschaft Bentheim.

The left Emsian sewer network around 1900

Just like the natural waters, the canals created in the course of industrialization also shape the landscape. The canals were created in the course of the construction of the left-Ems canal network from the end of the 19th century. The following canal routes are located in the county of Bentheim:

The Ems-Vechte Canal, the Vechte and the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal are connected by the Nordhorn connecting canal. On the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal, the Klukkert Harbor , which is still preserved today and which was still used industrially until the 1960s , and the Frensdorfer Haar lock are located . The restored Nordhorn coupling lock is also located on the Ems-Vechte Canal .

history

Historic town hall of Schüttorf
Location of the Emslandlager in Germany
A British Hawker Typhoon attacking railway tracks in Nordhorn (1945)

The county has been the entry into force of the district regulations of the Prussian province of Hanover founded on April 1, 1885th It emerged from the former Bentheim and Neuenhaus offices .

In prehistory , numerous burial mounds in the area of ​​today's Grafschaft Bentheim district testify to the earlier settlement of the areas. B. the heather mounds Halle-Hesingen or the burial ground on Spöllberg . In recent finds in the Upper County, tools were discovered that are around 40,000 years old and are believed to have come from Neanderthals .

The history of the county of Bentheim can be traced back to the year 1050: At that time, place names of the Bentheimer Land were first mentioned in a document.

Schüttorf is the oldest town in today's district. Count Egbert granted the city city rights in 1295. In the 14th century other city surveys followed: New house in 1369 and Nordhorn, now the largest city and county seat, in 1379. In addition to the still preserved Bentheim Castle were particularly nor the Burg Altena Schüttorf and the castle into position as military defenses of Meaning.

In the 13th and 14th centuries, the county of Bentheim increasingly became the link of Hanseatic trade between Westphalian cities such as Münster and the Dutch cities that are in what is now the province of Overijssel . Important trade routes led both by horse and cart along Grafschafter Strasse (e.g. Flemish Road ) and by ship across the Vechte . The design of the boats, so-called zomps , was adapted to the low water level in the summer months. Mainly Bentheim sandstone was transported to Zwolle via the Vechte .

The Niedergrafschaft remained underdeveloped for a long time due to the inaccessible bog areas. The first colonist settlements emerged in the 17th century . Until well into the 19th century, Holland-goers were widespread in the county . Numerous hiking routes also led through county communities such as u. a. by Uelsen. The National Socialists organized further attempts to develop the moorland infrastructure in the form of the Reich Labor Service , which set up prison camps in the moor in 1938. Well-known names are Bathorn ( Hoogstede ), Alexisdorf ( Neugnadenfeld ) and Füchtenfeld ( Wietmarschen ), which belonged to the Emslandlager group .

Nordhorn has been one of the largest cities in the textile industry in Germany since the 19th century . The year 1839 is considered to be the founding year of the Nordhorn textile industry. The first mechanical high-speed weaving mill by Willem Stroink from Enschede was built on the trade route. Here cotton was processed, calico and watertwist were woven. Further businesses were founded by Jan van Delden in 1864 and Josef Povel and Hermann Kistemaker in 1851. Textile production set the pace for the struggling economy, and progress made its way with increasing industrialization . The largest companies included Rawe , Povel and NINO ; During the economic miracle around 14,000 people worked in the textile factories. The textile industry also experienced strong growth in other parts of the county, especially in Schüttorf. With the onset of the oil crisis in 1973 and the subsequent macroeconomic effects, the gradual decline of the Grafschafter textile industry began: the domestic textile industry found it difficult to survive in the structural change triggered by globalization . A large number of the former companies no longer exist; the remaining companies have often relocated production abroad. Nevertheless, the textile companies in the Grafschaft Bentheim still employ around 1000 people today (2012), mainly in the areas of product development, textile and fabric trading, textile logistics and services; in niche areas such as protective clothing , production is still carried out on site.

After the end of the Second World War , the Netherlands demanded the county of Bentheim as a war reparation as part of the Dutch annexation plans . The then District Administrator Rudolf Beckmann rejected the territorial claims and called the Bentheim Border Region Committee into being to represent political interests . After the Bakker-Schut-Plan initially claimed the entire county, the Dutch claims were later reduced to the area of ​​the Niedergrafschaft with the Emlichheim oil field, a total of around 28,000 ha. At the London Six Power Conference in 1948 it was finally agreed that fundamental corrections to the western borders of Germany are to be made ("certain minor provisional corrections to the western borders of Germany") . On March 26, 1949, the Committee on Germany's Western Borders actually decided to draw new borders on the basis of the Paris Protocol of March 22, 1949 , but these were far below the original demands. The county of Bentheim only lost around 160 hectares of land to the Netherlands. The resolution was implemented with effect from April 23, 1949 through Ordinance No. 184 of the British Military Government. In 1963, the return of the annexed areas agreed upon in accordance with the German-Dutch Compensation Treaty (Algemeen Verdrag) of 1960 was carried out.

The county of Bentheim was only slightly affected by the district reform in Lower Saxony in the 1970s . Initially it was planned to form a district of Nordhorn from the districts of Grafschaft Bentheim and Lingen . However, these plans were given up in favor of a greater Emsland district - formed from the districts of Aschendorf-Hümmling , Lingen and Meppen .

Nevertheless, there were changes in the layout of the Grafschafter district area. In 1974 the communities of Adorf and Neuringe were assigned to the community of Twist (district of Meppen, today district of Emsland ). The municipality of Wietmarschen was merged with the municipalities of Schwartenpohl, Wachendorf, which belong to the district of Lingen, and the districts of Lohne and Nordlohne of the municipality of Schepsdorf-Lohne and added to the district of Lingen. During the district reform in 1977, the newly formed municipality of Wietmarschen was reassigned to the Grafschaft Bentheim district. The last change to the district area took place just one year later, when the towns of Herzford, Rheitlage and Wachendorf were spun off from the municipality of Wietmarschen and incorporated into the town of Lingen (Ems) . Due to the dissolution of the three districts of Grafschaft Diepholz , Grafschaft Hoya and Grafschaft Schaumburg as part of the district reform in 1977, the Grafschaft Bentheim is the only district in Germany with the name Grafschaft.

In 2010, the 125th anniversary of the Grafschaft Bentheim district was celebrated with various events and activities. On November 1, 2011, the previously independent municipality of Suddendorf was incorporated into the city of Schüttorf, and accordingly 25 municipalities still belong to the district.

population

German-Low German place-name sign in Emlichheim

In the county of Bentheim, the local population still speaks Low German (Groafschupper Platt) in many places , which is also influenced by Dutch due to its proximity to the border with the Netherlands . With a population density of 138 inhabitants per square kilometer (2015), the district is one of the comparatively sparsely populated regions in Germany. The vast majority of the around 20,900 migrants come from the Netherlands (around 48%).

During the 19th century numerous Grafschafter emigrated to the United States and settled e.g. B. in the region around Holland (Michigan) .

Population statistics

year Residents
1890 32,606
1900 36,280
1925 49,912
1939 66,911
1950 94,235
1961 102.237
year Residents
1970 113,559
1980 116,300
1987 117,364
1995 125,721
2005 134,442
2011 133,395
year Residents
2013 133,678
2014 134,329
2015 135,662
2016 135,770
2017 135.859
2018 136,511

Denomination statistics

At the end of 2008, 35.0% of the inhabitants were Protestant Reformed , 25.5% Roman Catholic , 14.9% Protestant Lutheran and 24.6% either had a different religion or no religion at all, of which 4.1% were Protestant Old Reformed . The number of Protestants has fallen since then. Almost 10 years later (as of 2017) the county had 135,662 inhabitants, of which 44,801 (33.0%) Protestant Reformed, 34,690 (25.6%) Catholic, 10.2% Evangelical Lutheran and the rest 42,367 (31.2%) %) either had a different religion or no religion at all.

politics

District council

The district council has 50 elected members and the district administrator . Since the local elections on September 11th, 2016, it has belonged to eight parties or electoral communities; gbf. and UWG Uelsen formed a joint list.

In the last district assembly elections in Lower Saxony's municipal elections in 2016 , the following results were achieved:

Parties and constituencies %
2016
Seats
2016
%
2011
Seats
2011
%
2006
Seats
2006
%
2001
Seats
2001
Christian Democratic Union of Germany 47.15 24 47.18 24 48.94 25th 50.7 27
Social Democratic Party of Germany 30.75 15th 33.73 17th 32.13 16 34.6 18th
Alliance 90 / The Greens 7.48 4th 8.73 4th 4.26 2 4.0 2
Initiative Pro Grafschaft (Pro Gr.) 4.56 2 2.78 1 2.87 1
Free Democratic Party 4.40 2 3.61 2 5.73 3 5.2 2
The left 2.91 1 1.13 1
Grafschafter Bürgerforum (gbf.) / Independent Voting Community Uelsen (UWG) 1.70 1 1.03 0 2.49 1
Alternative for Germany 1.05 1
German Communist Party 1.51 1 1.53 1 1.2 0
Schüttorf list 0.31 0 0.21 0
UWG / BfB 1.85 1
Voter groups *) 3.8 2
total 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 51
Voter turnout in% 53.93 56.38 54.05 58.9
*) Voter groups 2001 listed separately because the result cannot be broken down.
Local election 2016
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
47.15
30.75
7.48
4.40
4.56
n. k.
2.91
1.70
1.05
no
Per size
gbf./UWG
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2011
 % p
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
-0.03
-2.98
-1.25
+0.79
+1.78
-1.51
+1.78
+0.67
+1.05
-0.31
Per size
gbf./UWG
Otherwise.
Distribution of seats in the district council
        
A total of 50 seats

Other political groups

In addition to the nationwide parties, there are some local political groups that are active in the Grafschaft Bentheim. In February 2005 the Grafschafter Bürgerforum (gbf.) Was founded, which arose from a protest initiative against the Emlichheim waste incineration plant . The district council mandate won in 2006 was awarded to the gbf. Just missed in 2011, but was able to move into the district council again in the 2016 local elections, together with the Uels UWG.

There is also the Pro Grafschaft voter initiative , which was able to acquire a mandate at the district level in 2011. The community of voters citizens for citizens , which won a seat in 2006, did not run at district level in 2011. The Schüttorfer List voter community was again unable to win a mandate in 2011.

coat of arms

Blazon : "The coat of arms of the district shows 17 and two half circular golden shield fittings on a red background, which are symmetrically arranged in horizontal rows with gaps one below the other in the following way: 1st row: four, 2nd row: three whole and two half 3rd row: four and the following rows: three and two fittings, the last one ends with a fitting. The two half fittings in the 2nd row face the edge of the sign with the straight halving surfaces, but without touching the edge. "

flag

Description: "The flag of the district shows the colors red and gold in two horizontal stripes of the same width from top to bottom, on both of them, shifted a little towards the pole, in the red and gold stripes each overlapping up to half, the circular coat of arms."

Official seal

Description: "The official seal contains the coat of arms and the inscription Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim ."

District administrators

Together with the European elections on June 13, 2004, the elections for the first full-time district administrator ( election officer ) in the county of Bentheim took place. Until then, there were two separate offices: on the one hand there was the senior district director as the main administrative officer, on the other hand there was the district administrator with representative tasks. This dual track came from the time of the British occupation and was replaced in the 1990s.

The district administrator's term of office is eight years. Friedrich Kethorn ( CDU ), formerly a member of the Lower Saxony state parliament , won with 51.35% of the votes .

In the 2011 local elections , Friedrich Kethorn was able to defend his office. He won with 52.06% of the vote in front of his opponent Daniela De Ridder from the electoral alliance Grafschaft Bentheim , which was formed by the SPD, Greens and Grafschafter Bürgerforum (47.94%).

On June 16, 2019, the new district administrator was determined by a runoff election. The CDU candidate Uwe Fietzek, who was previously the first district councilor , won ahead of the SPD candidate, the mayor of Bad Bentheim, Volker Pannen, with a share of the vote of 51.92%.

List of district administrators:

Surname From To
Count Franz Deym von Stritez 1885 1886
Friedrich Georg Freiherr von Wedekind 1886 1886
Hermann Kriege 1886 1920
Richard Boeninger 1920 1931
Gerhard Scheffler 1931 1933
Walter Kallabis (acting) 1933 1933
Otto Karl Niemeyer 1933 1935
Hans Hermann Rosenhagen ( NSDAP ) 1935 1938
Hans Blendermann (acting) 1938 1938
Franz Mückley (drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1942) 1938 1945
Paul Weg (deputy) 1942 1944
Dr. Fritz Zander (deputy) 1944 1945
Ernst Wallhöfer (deputy) 1945 1945
Rudolf Beckmann (CDU) 1945 1949
Franz Scheurmann 1949 1951
Richard Zahn (CDU) 1951 1968
Wilhelm Buddenberg (CDU) 1968 1971
Wilhelm Horstmeyer (CDU) 1971 1976
Hermann Maatmann (CDU) 1976 1986
Dietrich Somberg 1986 1991
Nonno de Vries (SPD) 1991 1996
Paul Ricken (CDU) 1996 2004
Friedrich Kethorn (CDU) 2005 2019
Uwe Fietzek (independent) 2019 today

Upper District Directors:

Surname From To
Ernst Mawick 1946 1967
Günter Terwey (CDU) 1967 1992
Josef Brüggemann (SPD) 1992 2004

Member of the Landtag and Bundestag

Reinhold Hilbers (CDU) is the directly elected member of the state parliament for the constituency of Grafschaft Bentheim . Christian Fühner (CDU) has been elected for the constituency of Lingen , to which the joint municipality of Schüttorf belongs .

Albert Stegemann (CDU) has been directly elected member of the Bundestag for the Mittelems constituency , which covers not only the Grafschaft Bentheim district but also parts of the Emsland district since the 2013 federal election . Prior to that, Hermann Kues (CDU) had been an elected direct candidate since 1994, but he did not run again for reasons of age. Daniela de Ridder has entered the Bundestag as a list candidate for the SPD.

Administration and authorities

District administration, Grafschaft Bentheim

The district administration of the Grafschaft Bentheim district, based in Nordhorn, employs around 750 people. In addition to the main administration, various branch offices are operated, including own operations such as the waste management company Grafschaft Bentheim (AWB), the Grafschaft Bentheim ice rink and the Grafschaft Bentheim adult education center. In addition to the Euregio Clinic Grafschaft Bentheim, the most important holdings of the district include, in particular, shares in Münster / Osnabrück Airport , Bentheimer Eisenbahn AG and RWE AG . The district is also a member of the Euregio , the kunstwegen EWIV, the growth region Ems -axis e. V. and numerous other associations.

The district has been one of 13 Lower Saxony optional municipalities since 2005 .

The District Court of Nordhorn and the District Court of Osnabrück are responsible for the county of Bentheim in civil and criminal proceedings. The labor court responsible is the Lingen labor court, the administrative court responsible is the Osnabrück administrative court and the social court responsible is the Osnabrück social court .

Economy and Infrastructure

Handpiece of the Bentheim sandstone
The spinning mill building after renovation and new occupancy (2013)
Oil production with a horse head pump in Emlichheim

The geographical location, in close proximity to the Netherlands, puts the area in a central position on the European internal market . There are close ties to the economy of the Netherlands in particular . There are close contacts to scientific institutions at the neighboring universities of Osnabrück , Enschede and Münster , to the universities of applied sciences in East Friesland , Osnabrück and Steinfurt , to the Center for Microelectronics in Enschede and to various other organizations.

In terms of spatial planning, the district town of Nordhorn is classified as a middle center with higher-level sub - functions and is the economic and cultural center of the Grafschaft Bentheim. The city of Nordhorn is known for its commercial and industrial park (GIP) , which was created in the course of the decline of the textile industry in the late 1970s and was intended to cushion the loss of jobs. In the mid-1980s, the Grafschafter TechnologieZentrum (GTZ) established itself there in addition to numerous industrial and commercial enterprises , a "think tank" offering a variety of assistance and support services (including rental of business space, services, advice and training offers) for young companies and Offers entrepreneurs from product development to product maturity. In its 25-year history, GTZ has supported around 130 entrepreneurs and start-ups in starting business; In the summer of 2010, the approximately 2,100 m² of business space available at GTZ was rented to 20 companies with a total of 73 employees. As a result of the structural change that had taken place in the textile industry, Nordhorn increasingly turned into a service center. New industrial areas have now been set up in peripheral locations (Nordhorn-Süd, Klausheide -Ost and Klausheide-Nord).

The NINO building from the textile past was able to be retained after many years of vacancy through a renovation and use concept of the former factory site and given a new use as a “Competence Center for Business”. From 2008 to 2010, the NINO building was renovated while largely maintaining its external appearance and converted into an office and commercial building according to the plans of the Münster architects Kresing & Lindschulte. a. the economic development of the district of Grafschaft Bentheims, which houses offices of various Grafschafter economic institutions and companies. The building is a listed building and forms the center of the NINO business park .

In other places in the county of Bentheim there are mainly agricultural businesses as well as artisanal and manufacturing industries and trade. The focus of the settlements is in Bad Bentheim , Schüttorf and Wietmarschen, where new industrial and commercial areas have been created close to the motorways. Due to the closing of the gap on the A 31 motorway, large investments were made in the county of Bentheim in particular in the logistics sector, which are mainly concentrated on the industrial and commercial areas of Schüttorf and Bad Bentheim-Gildehaus. This trend has been so solidified since 2000 that Grafschaft Bentheim has meanwhile become one of the most important logistics locations in Lower Saxony and forms one of five logistics investment clusters in Lower Saxony. Tourism has also grown rapidly in recent years and has become another important economic factor and employer in the county. With around 3800 employees, the tourism sector accounts for around 9% of the jobs subject to social insurance in the district.

The largest companies and employers include Arnold Lammering GmbH & Co. KG (steel trade) in Schüttorf, Bentheimer Eisenbahn AG (logistics) in Nordhorn, Dietrich Borggreve Zwieback & Keksfabrik KG (food) in Neuenhaus , the Emsland Group (agricultural raw materials, food) in Emlichheim , Erfo Bekleidungswerk GmbH & Co.KG (women's outerwear) in Nordhorn, Euregio-Klinik Grafschaft Bentheim in Nordhorn, Grafschafter Volksbank eG in Nordhorn, Gussek Haus (prefabricated houses) in Nordhorn , HRD-Trailer-Engineering GmbH (vehicle construction) in Emlichheim, the KCA DEUTAG group with its subsidiary Bentec (oil production, drilling rigs) in Bad Bentheim, Kreissparkasse Grafschaft Bentheim zu Nordhorn , the Neuenhauser group of companies (mechanical engineering) in Neuenhaus, Peters Stahlbau GmbH (steel construction) in Itterbeck, the Prowell group ( corrugated cardboard sheet factory ) in Schüttorf , the Rigterink logistics group (logistics) in Nordhorn, the Rosink / VENO group (mechanical engineering, shop fittings) in Nordhorn and Bad Bentheim, Rosink-Werkstätten GmbH in Nordhorn (apparatus construction), Stemmann-Technik GmbH (electrical engineering) in Schüttorf, Tulip Food Company GmbH (food), plant in Schüttorf, Georg Utz GmbH (plastics processing) in Schüttorf , Volksbank Niedergrafschaft eG in Uelsen , Wietmarscher Ambulanz- und Sonderfahrzeug GmbH (WAS) (special vehicle construction) in Wietmarschen , WINK Stanzwerkzeuge GmbH & Co. KG (tool construction) in Neuenhaus and WKS (textiles) in Wilsum , and Stenau Städtereinigung GmbH (disposal and recycling) in Nordhorn.

The most important raw materials mined in the Grafschaft Bentheim include sand and gravel , which are mainly mined in Wilsum , Gölenkamp and Itterbeck . In some places, especially in Emlichheim and Osterwald , crude oil and natural gas are produced to a rather small extent . The oil production in Emlichheim by Wintershall GmbH was incorporated in 1943. In 2007 Gaz de France drilled in the Ratzel district of Itterbeck for the purpose of exploration for natural gas. Until the 1960s, peat extraction and the associated transport via the canals was an important economic factor that has largely lost its importance today.

In earlier times, the Bentheim sandstone was also mined in Bad Bentheim and in Gildehaus. Many churches and town halls in the region were built from this. The most famous building is the Royal Palace in Amsterdam . A sandstone quarry is still in operation in Gildehaus today.

The IHK Osnabrück-Emsland-Grafschaft Bentheim is the chamber of industry and commerce responsible for the district . Grafschaft Bentheim is a member of the Ems-Axis Growth Region Association .

In the Future Atlas 2016 , the Grafschaft Bentheim district was ranked 208 out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.

Renewable energy

Gölenkamp wind farm

In 2011, the Georgsdorf solar park , an open-air photovoltaic system , was built on a conversion area of ​​60 ha. With a nominal output of 24.7 MW, the solar park is the largest of its kind in Lower Saxony. Another system was built in 2012 in the Klausheide-Ost industrial area on an area of ​​11.5 ha with an output of 4.15 MWp . Since 2009, one of the largest rooftop photovoltaic systems in the region with an installed output of around 854.40 kWp has been on the roof of WKS GmbH in Wilsum .

Be located in multiple Grafschafter communities beyond wind farms , such. B. in Bad Bentheim (5 systems ), Laar (a total of 21 systems, 2000), Gölenkamp / Wilsum (10 systems, 2001), Gölenkamp-Haftenkamp (5 systems, 2011), Esche (4 systems, 2003), Bimolten (14 Attachments 2002, 2 more 2006), Ohne / Samern (7 attachments, 2001) and Wietmarschen (5 attachments, 2001).

In the county of Bentheim (as of 2011) around 40 biogas plants are still in operation. In Emlichheim, N.prior energy has been operating a biomass cogeneration plant with an output of 20 MW el , which is mainly fired with wood, since 2005 . Furthermore, another biomass cogeneration plant is under construction in Emlichheim, which is to be fired with straw ( stalk-like biomass ) and is the first of its kind in Germany. In addition to electricity, the power plant will also produce process heat and high-temperature steam for the Emsland Group and feed heating energy into a local heating network ( combined heat and power ).

labour market

In the district there is almost full employment: In November 2019 the unemployment rate was 2.3% and thus well below the Lower Saxony average of 4.8% and the national average of 4.8%. The Nordhorn agency district (Grafschaft Bentheim and Emsland districts) also had an unemployment rate of 2.3% at the same time.

traffic

Schüttorf Cross
Locomotive of the Bentheim Railway in the Europark

Road traffic

The county of Bentheim lies at the intersection of the federal motorways 30 and 31 ( motorway junction Schüttorf ). Federal highways 403 and 213 also run through the county.

air traffic

Münster / Osnabrück International Airport (FMO) can be reached within an hour's drive . The airfield Klausheide located between the cities Nordhorn and Lingen (night flight navigation, aircraft up to max. 10 t).

Rail transport

The first railway in the county of Bentheim was opened in 1865 by the Dutch company "AS-Spoorweg-Mij Almelo-Salzbergen". It is part of the Almelo – Salzbergen railway line and touches the cities of Schüttorf and Bad Bentheim. This is also the starting point of the district-owned Bentheimer Eisenbahn AG, which first opened a line to Nordhorn in 1895 and extended it to Neuenhaus in 1896. In 1909 the line was extended to Emlichheim and finally in 1910 to the Dutch town of Coevorden . Starting in 1908, a route also led south from Bad Bentheim to Gronau in Westphalia, so that the route in the district was 78 km long. The Bentheimer Eisenbahn ended passenger traffic in 1974 and resumed it on July 7, 2019 , initially on the Bad Bentheim - Quendorf - Nordhorn - Neuenhaus (RB 56) route. For this purpose, the route was upgraded for higher speeds, level crossings were technically upgraded or closed, and three new, additional stops were built (Quendorf, Nordhorn-Blanke and Neuenhaus Süd). In 2012, the district was awarded the 2012 Passenger Prize by the Pro Bahn association for its efforts to reintroduce local rail transport . Railway stations for passenger traffic on the Deutsche Bahn route are in Bad Bentheim and Schüttorf. In Bad Bentheim there are direct long-distance train connections to Amsterdam and Berlin , Schüttorf is only served by the Wiehengebirgs-Bahn (Hengelo – Bad Bentheim – Osnabrück – Bielefeld).

Freight traffic - especially between Bad Bentheim and Coevorden - is very active. Especially since the freight traffic center (GVZ) in the cross-border Europark went into operation, freight rates have risen steadily to this day.

Local public transport

After the reintroduction of passenger rail transport, the Grafschaft Bentheim has a coordinated bus network operated by the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Grafschaft Bentheim (VGB). The regional bus lines from Emlichheim via Uelsen (line 10) or Hoogstede (line 20) to Neuenhaus provide a connection to the new regional train line. Buses 30 (Neuenhaus - Nordhorn) and 40 (Nordhorn - Bad Bentheim) run parallel to the railway line. These lines run every hour on working days as well as on Sundays and public holidays. The regional bus route 165, which regularly connects Nordhorn via Klausheide and Lohne with Lingen (Ems) , is also important. Barrier-free buses with low-floor technology are in use . There is also a city ​​bus in Nordhorn - and an on- call bus network in the Niedergrafschaft, away from the main lines . The Lower Saxony ticket has been valid on VGB buses since December 9, 2018 .

Healthcare

Main portal of the Euregio Clinic

Emergency and health care in the Grafschaft Bentheim district is provided by the Grafschaft Bentheim Euregio Clinic in Nordhorn. It is a specialized hospital with 525 approved beds at the location Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse. The Euregio Clinic is an academic teaching hospital of the Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster . The clinic is also one of the largest employers in the district.

Together with the German Red Cross , Grafschaft Bentheim district association, the Euregio-Klinik also ensures the rescue service in the Grafschaft Bentheim; Since July 2011, a second emergency doctor has been available Monday to Friday from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Rescue stations are located in Nordhorn, Bad Bentheim, Uelsen and Emlichheim. The air rescue is ensured by Christoph Europa 2 , based in Rheine .

Bad Bentheim also has the Bad Bentheim specialist clinic as a spa clinic and health center (53 plan and 390 rehab beds) and the Paulinenkrankenhaus as an orthopedic specialist clinic (50 plan beds).

The Arbeiterwohlfahrt , Kreisverband Grafschaft Bentheim, has been running a social-therapeutic dormitory for integration assistance ( SGB ​​XII §§ 53/54 ff. ) On the Klausheide estate since 1996, with 61 places for people with chronic dependency disorders.

In the area of ​​outpatient care, around 200 general practitioners and specialists as well as around 100 dentists are established in Grafschaft Bentheim. There are also around 30 pharmacies.

media

daily newspaper

In Nordhorn the Grafschafter Nachrichten is published as a regional daily newspaper .

Weekly and monthly press

The free advertising paper Grafschafter Wochenblatt (Grafschafter Wochenblatt Verlags- und Werbe-GmbH) appears on Wednesdays and the Sunday newspaper SonntagsZeitung (Grenzland-Woche Verlags- und Werbegesellschaft mbH) is also free . The regional trend and cult magazine LEO (zehndrei GbR) is distributed free of charge in the Grafschaft Bentheim every quarter. The free LiNoh Journal (Ardland Marketing & Vertrieb) is also published quarterly .

broadcast

The Ems-Vechte-Welle , a regional citizen radio for the counties of Grafschaft Bentheim and Emsland, has a studio in Nordhorn. In October 2011, ev1.tv, a local television station for the Emsland-Grafschaft Bentheim area, was launched. The program is broadcast on cable TV and on the Internet.

Tourism and culture

Inner courtyard of Bentheim Castle
Direction sign on the Schüttorf market square
Street in the center of Schüttorf
The watermill in location

Emsland landscape

The Emsland landscape is one of the twelve Lower Saxony landscape associations and mainly performs cultural-political tasks; it was founded in 1979 as a registered association for the districts of Emsland and Grafschaft Bentheim.

tourism

The county of Bentheim is shaped by tourism in many places. The county of Bentheim is particularly known for its cycle tourism with a network of over 1,200 km of signposted cycle paths. The Grafschafter Fietsentour cycle path system comprises the 220 km long main route and 25 day tours with a length of 28–56 km. Three cross-border long-distance cycle paths / routes - Kunstwege , Vechtetal Route and the United Countries Tour - lead through the county of Bentheim. On July 11, 2007, the Grafschaft Bentheim district was recognized as the most bicycle-friendly district in Lower Saxony as part of the state-wide competition bicycle -friendly municipality 2007 . On August 31, 2011, the county of Bentheim was again recognized as a bicycle-friendly municipality 2011 and was thus able to defend the title for the first time in the history of the competition. Bike huts, rental bicycles and over 100 excellent bike-friendly restaurants are just a few examples of the bike-friendly region. Another offer is the seasonal Fietsenbus - a flexible means of transport for bicycles and cyclists.

The districts of Grafschaft Bentheim, Emsland and Osnabrück have also joined forces to form a tourism cooperation group under the name GEO-Region , under which common goals in the field of bicycle tourism are pursued. The range of cycle paths continues to be supplemented by hiking trails. B. the Töddenweg as part of the European long-distance hiking trail E11 through the county of Bentheim. Further, the leads Holiday Road Orange Route through the metropolitan area of North Horn (u. A. At the convent Frenswegen ago).

The Grafschaft Bentheim has a spa center, around 30 hotels, over 300 holiday apartments and houses, inns and pensions, apartments and rooms as well as two youth hostels, ten providers of “farm holidays” and six campsites. Numerous restaurants, bars and pubs with regional and international cuisine can be found in the entire Grafschaft Bentheim.

Bad Bentheim is a spa town with a wide range of offers in the health sector, which are summarized in the Bad Bentheim specialist clinic; this includes u. a. the mineral thermal bath for the treatment of dermatological diseases. The landmark of this city, the sandstone hill castle Burg Bentheim is a popular tourist destination, as is the watermill location , which is mentioned as early as the 13th century. Wietmarschen is also a popular destination as a place of pilgrimage (statue of the Virgin in the pilgrimage church of St. Johannes Ap. ) And thanks to the restored buildings of the former women's monastery .

Wietmarschen pilgrimage church in the historic monastery area

Other leisure facilities include the cinema center in Nordhorn and the large discos Zak in Uelsen and Index in Schüttorf . In summer, local rifle or folk festivals take place in festival tents almost every weekend, plus there are larger (historical) markets and festive events in some places. In many places there are indoor and outdoor pools as well as several swimming and leisure lakes. The Nordhorn Zoo is very popular with tourists, with over 400,000 visitors annually, around half of them from the neighboring Netherlands. The Vechtesee , also located in Nordhorn, is another tourist focus that has been further developed in recent years through investments in a hotel and restaurant complex. Furthermore, the Bourtanger Moor-Bargerveen International Nature Park is partly in the County of Bentheim.

In 2010, 822,271 overnight stays with 234,720 guests were counted in the county of Bentheim. This corresponds to an increase of 30.5% (overnight stays) and 27.2% (guests) compared to 2009. With the proportion of foreign guests of around 46% in 2010, the Grafschaft Bentheim was in first place in a Germany-wide district comparison. In 2012, around 900,000 overnight stays were recorded; in addition, around 5 million day visitors.

In October 2013, the new edition of the tourism model was adopted by the district council.

Culture

Larger cultural institutions are the open-air theater in Bad Bentheim (around 1250 seats), the concert and theater hall (470 seats) as well as the art gallery in Nordhorn, the Obergrafschaft theater in Schüttorf and some cabaret theaters in various locations. The largest library in the district is the Nordhorn City Library (formerly: Euregio-Bücherei ) with a stock of around 91,000 units. Furthermore, the joint municipalities of Emlichheim, Neuenhaus and Schüttorf each have a joint municipal library.

In the Nordhorn City Museum, the “remains” of the textile industry can also be viewed at three locations: In the Povelturm , an old stair tower of the textile factory of the same name that has been converted into a museum, there are temporary exhibitions on the history of the city of Nordhorn, and there is a machine exhibition with original textile machines in the old weaving mill More than 50 years of textile history, which are also demonstrated and a permanent exhibition on textile history can be seen in the NINO building . In numerous communities in the district there are also museums of local history with a wide range of offers on the past of life and the economy in the county of Bentheim (including the local history museum at the Schoneveld watermill in Wilsum , the Lohne home in the community of Wietmarschen and the Bad Bentheim sandstone museum ). The Otto Pankok Museum is located in the old town hall in Gildehaus .

The sculpture paths, art paths and spatial views, run for around 150 km along the Vechte between Nordhorn and Zwolle or between Nordhorn and North Rhine-Westphalia as a cross-border art project with more than 70 works of art from over 20 years. It is one of the largest open museums in Europe.

In Neuenhaus, the Astronomical Association of Grafschaft Bentheim e. V. an observatory with a planetarium.

literature

The county of Bentheim has become the setting for numerous novels, especially in recent years. This is how Joana Brouwers' regional thrillers play in the region.
Other novels:

title author Publication date
KAFF also Mare Crisium Arno Schmidt 1960 (2013)
Clara's story Nieke V. Grafenberg December 17, 2012
Blood and shadow Denis Herold 08/01/2016
Will and the monster from the Vechtesee Mathias Meyer-Langenhoff 09/20/2018
Uprooted: The Story of an Emigrant A. Holthuis and Ch. Lonnemann 10/10/2018
The dilemma R. Casimir and R. Harrison October 29, 2018
The time of the islands Detlef Wilkens December 17, 2018
Gut Hermannsheide R. Casimir and R. Harrison 07/24/2019
The will of the cows Klaas Huizing March 9th, 2020

Sports

HSG Nordhorn fans during a Bundesliga match in the
Kölnarena (2007)

In almost all municipalities in the district there are sports clubs that offer a wide range of individual and team sports. Around 130 sports fields, 60 gymnasiums and sports halls, 23 tennis courts and 23 outdoor and indoor swimming pools are available for this purpose. The largest sports facility in the county of Bentheim is the stadium on Heideweg of Eintracht Nordhorn with 7,500 seats. Furthermore, the ice rink of the Grafschaft Bentheim district is located in Nordhorn (approx. 3,500 places) as well as the Euregium, the largest sports and event hall in the district (approx. 4,000 places). The offer is rounded off by the golf course in Bad Bentheim, various shooting and riding facilities, skittle and bowling alleys, as well as a heated 12-lane boules or petanque hall with 32 outside lanes in Schüttorf. In the Grafschaft Bentheim district sports association there are 123 clubs with approx. 51,000 members organized.

The top soccer club in its class is FC Schüttorf 09 , which competes in the Lower Saxony regional soccer league in the Weser-Ems district . The HSG Nordhorn-Lingen played years great handball success (u. A. Winning the EHF Cup in 2008) is currently in the 2. Handball-Bundesliga . The newly founded Grafschafter Ice Hockey Club 2011 is currently playing in the Ice Hockey Oberliga Nord and wants to try to build on the successful times in the 1990s. The 1st women's team of the sports club SCU Emlichheim currently plays in the 2nd volleyball Bundesliga of the women's team north , as does the 1st men's team of FC Schüttorf 09 in the 2nd volleyball Bundesliga of the men's team north .

In the county of Bentheim, the traditional folk sport of Kloatscheetens is also widespread. The largest sports club in the district is FC Schüttorf 09 with around 3000 members.

Culinary specialties

The Grafschafter cuisine is traditionally North German-Lower Saxony , but due to the proximity to the border with North Rhine-Westphalia, it has a Westphalian influence. In addition to the characteristic north German kale meal , the dishes in the Grafschafter kitchen are wedding soup , buckwheat pancakes and men's cream . In connoisseurs circles, meat dishes often come from the traditional Bentheimer country pig , as do numerous sausage and ham specialties. Among the most famous ham products from conventional as well as Bentheimer country pigs are u. a. the Westphalian bone ham . At New Year in many places are New Year Cake (Low German: Näijoarskoeken ) enough.

In November 2011 the Keilings restaurant in Bad Bentheim was awarded its first Michelin star ; it is the first star restaurant in Grafschaft Bentheim. It received its second Michelin star in November 2017.

Communities

Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim Niedersachsen Königreich der Niederlande Landkreis Emsland Nordrhein-Westfalen Bad Bentheim Ohne Samern Schüttorf Schüttorf Quendorf Isterberg Engden Nordhorn Wietmarschen Georgsdorf Osterwald Lage (Dinkel) Halle (bei Neuenhaus) Uelsen Getelo Wielen Itterbeck Wielen Ringe Emlichheim Laar (Grafschaft Bentheim) Wilsum Gölenkamp Esche (Grafschaft Bentheim) Neuenhaus HoogstedeMunicipalities in NOH.svg
About this picture

The number of inhabitants on December 31, 2019 in brackets.

Unified municipalities

  1. Bad Bentheim , City (15,609)
  2. Nordhorn , district town , independent municipality (53,711)
  3. Wietmarschen (12,336)

Joint municipalities and their member municipalities

* Seat of the joint municipality administration

1. Emlichheim municipality (14,299)

  1. Emlichheim * (7312)
  2. Hoogstede (2844)
  3. Laar (2129)
  4. Rings (2014)

2nd municipality of Neuenhaus (14,065)

  1. Ash (579)
  2. Georgsdorf (1216)
  3. Location (1029)
  4. Neuenhaus , City * (10,049)
  5. Osterwald (1192)

3. Schüttorf municipality (15,830)

  1. Engden (421)
  2. Isterberg (580)
  3. None (582)
  4. Quendorf (598)
  5. Samern (773)
  6. Schüttorf , City * (12,876)

4. Uelsen municipality (11,312)

  1. Getelo (531)
  2. Gölenkamp (579)
  3. Hall (666)
  4. Itterbeck (1756)
  5. Uelsen * (5687)
  6. Wielen (516)
  7. Wilsum (1577)

Former parishes

The following list contains all former municipalities that ever belonged to the Grafschaft Bentheim district and all incorporations, unless they are small, uninhabited areas.

The municipalities of the district until 1970
local community incorporated
after
Date of
incorporation
Achterberg Bentheim March 1, 1974
Adorf 1 twist March 1, 1974
Agterhorn Laar March 1, 1974
Old Piccardie Osterwald March 1, 1974
Altendorf Nordhorn July 1, 1929
Bakelde 2 Nordhorn July 1, 1929
Bardel Bentheim March 1, 1974
Bathorn Hoogstede-Bathorn 3 June 21, 1890
Bauerhausen Uelsen April 1, 1939
Bentheim farmers Bentheim circa 1931
Bentheim, castle Bentheim April 1, 1929
mountains Hoogstede March 1, 1974
Bimolts Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Binnenborg Ash April 1, 1929
Bishop's Pool Grass village April 1, 1929
Bookholt 4 Nordhorn July 1, 1929/1. March 1974
Burning bad Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Good brand bad Burning bad April 1, 1929
Brecklenkamp location April 1, 1929
Buitenborg Hilten April 1, 1929
Drievorden Engden March 1, 1974
Echteler Laar March 1, 1974
Eschebrugge Laar March 1, 1974
Frensdorf Nordhorn June 25, 1921
Frenswegen Nordhorn April 1, 1929
Guild house Bentheim March 1, 1974
Grass village Neuenhaus July 1, 1970
Large rings Rings March 1, 1974
Haftenkamp Gölenkamp March 1, 1974
Hagelshoek Bentheim March 1, 1974
Hardingen Hall March 1, 1974
Hardinghausen Gölenkamp April 1, 1929
Heesterkante Laar March 1, 1974
Hesepe Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Hestrup Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Hilten Neuenhaus July 1, 1970
Höcklenkamp Uelsen March 1, 1974
Hohenkörben (Ksp. Nordhorn) Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Hohenkörben (Ksp. Veldhausen) Osterwald March 1, 1974
Bring and hair Bentheim March 1, 1974
Kalle Hoogstede March 1, 1974
Klausheide Nordhorn March 1, 1974
Small rings Rings March 1, 1974
Lemke Uelsen March 1, 1974
Neerlage Isterberg March 1, 1974
Neuringe 1 twist March 1, 1974
Scheerhorn Hoogstede March 1, 1974
Schwartenpohl 5 Wietmarschen March 1, 1974
Sieringhoek Bentheim March 1, 1974
Suddendorf Schuettorf November 1, 2011
pond Neuenhaus April 1, 1929
Thesingfeld Grass village April 1, 1929
Tinholt Hoogstede March 1, 1974
Veldgaar Grass village April 1, 1929
Veldhausen Neuenhaus July 1, 1970
Volzel Emlichheim March 1, 1974
Vorwald Laar March 1, 1974
Wachendorf 5, 6 Wietmarschen March 1, 1974
Forest side Bentheim March 1, 1974
Wengsel Isterberg March 1, 1974
Westenberg Bentheim March 1, 1974

1: Today to the district of Emsland
2: A large part of Bakelde formed the new municipality of Klausheide from 1931.
3: The municipality of Hoogstede-Bathorn was renamed Hoogstede on December 9, 1968.
4: A large part of Bookholt was incorporated as early as 1929.
5: from the district of Lingen
6: 1978 reunification to Lingen, district of Emsland

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign NOH (for Nordhorn ) when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today.

Trivia

In a curious way, the names of geographical objects that exist both in the Grafschaft Bentheim district and in the Vechta district are piling up . The district of Lohne of the unitary community of Wietmarschen is often confused with the city of Lohne (Oldenburg) , the Dinkel as a tributary of the Vechte is often confused with the Dinkel as the eponymous brook of the city of Dinklage and the Vechte itself is confused with the Vechtaer Moorbach , which in old sources also (like the Bentheimer Vechte) is called "Vechta". The resulting confusion can be clearly seen in the section “The District of Vechta” in a book published in 1825.

Strange idioms

Many Grafschafter use excerpts of the Low German language and the accompanying sentence structure as well as the special grammar on a daily basis . These include B. Expressions and proverbs like

  • Fietse from Dutch for "bicycle"
  • schier / moij for "good"
  • Kieken for "view / look"
  • Drake for "potatoes"
  • Wicht for "girls"
  • Do not fumble with it if you don`t löppt means that you should not change anything if something works.
  • Sachis en suchis means that you should take something slow.
  • Goa gewoon an is geck gennoch means that it is enough to approach the matter quite normally and calmly.

Special customs

  • Kloatscheeten is a Grafschafter popular sport, which is often associated with alcohol consumption and subsequent kale.
  • Dautrappen is also a Grafschafter popular sport, which is often associated with alcohol consumption, but this takes place in the morning.
  • On weekends organized barn festivals are often attended by the rural youths, at these cola grains are often consumed, which is typical for the county and the Emsland, often a so-called cover consisting of two bottles of cola and one bottle of grain.
  • When a Grafschafter comes of age, the friends solemnly erect a large 18 made of straw in his or her garden and read out an often embarrassing poem about the past years.
  • If an unmarried Grafschafter turns 25, a bow made of straw is set up, which is adorned with socks and items typical of the person. When an unmarried Countess turns 25, her bow is adorned with cigarette packets instead of socks. In the leap year, the gender allocation (socks vs. cigarette packs) is reversed.

See also

literature

  • Steffen Burkert (ed.): The county of Bentheim - history and present of a district. Publishing house Heimatverein Grafschaft Bentheim e. V., Bad Bentheim 2010.
  • County of Bentheim (ed.): Figures, data, facts 2011. Nordhorn / Bentheim, 2011.
  • Heinrich Specht (edit.): The district of Grafschaft Bentheim (administrative district of Osnabrück). District description and regional planning plan together with statistical annex (Die Landkreise in Niedersachsen, Series D, Vol. 9), Bremen-Horn 1953.
  • Heinrich Voort (Ed.): 250 years of Bentheim - Hanover. The consequences of a pledge 1752–2002. Published on behalf of the Grafschaft Bentheim district, Bad Bentheim 2002.
  • Herbert Wagner : The Gestapo wasn't alone ... Political social control and state terror in the German-Dutch border area 1929–1945. LIT-Verlag, Münster 2004 (contains the Nazi history of the then 67 villages and towns in the district).

Current series with new publications of historical research on the Grafschaft Bentheim:

  • Bentheimer Jahrbuch (published annually)
  • Study Society for Emsland Regional History: Emsland History (published annually)
  • Emsland / Bentheim. Contributions to the story (appears irregularly)

Movie

  • Die Grafschaft Bentheim 1866–1946 - a film chronicle , documentation, directors: Elisa Bertuzzo, Hermann Pölking; Saeculum publishing company 2009.

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ndr.de: 70 years of Lower Saxony: Far in the West , accessed on June 22, 2017.
  3. Thomas Krallmann: The further prospects: changeable , in: Burkert (Ed.): Die Grafschaft Bentheim , p. 33.
  4. Figures 2011, p. 16 with further detailed information.
  5. County of Bentheim: Nature Reserves , accessed on September 17, 2012.
  6. County of Bentheim: Landscape Protection Areas , accessed on September 17, 2012.
  7. Figures 2011, p. 20.
  8. Grafschafter Nachrichten of October 30, 2013: Dutch people make “sensational find”. Hobby archaeologists come across traces of Neanderthals in Bad Bentheim .
  9. a b c number table 2011, p. 7.
  10. grafschafter-geschichte.de: Stadtrechte für Schüttorf ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 21, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grafschafter-geschichte.de
  11. ^ Hans-Werner Niemann: Ensuring continuity through transformation. The development of the family company Sanders from the proto-industrial linen trade to industrial weaving , in: Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 2006, p. 9.
  12. Grafschafter Nachrichten of May 23, 2012: A good address as a textile region to this day. The industry employs more than 1000 people in the county - worldwide networking is necessary .
  13. cf. N / A: Home to Orange . In: Der Spiegel . No. 1 , 1949, p. 4-5 ( online ).
  14. verfassungen.de: The London Communiqué of Germany of June 7, 1948; No. IV. , Accessed on May 3, 2012.
  15. cf. Hans-Peter Schwarz (Ed.): Files on the Foreign Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany: 1952. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 978-3-486-56480-8 , p. 195, fn. 2.
  16. ^ Official Journal of the Military Government of Germany (British Control Area) No. 28, pp. 1083-1087.
  17. Homepage for the 125th anniversary of the Grafschaft Bentheim district ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 1, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grafschaft125.de
  18. Figures 2017, p. 10.
  19. ^ Homepage of the German Immigrants project , accessed on April 30, 2012.
  20. cf. also Grafschafter history: From the county to America ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 30, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grafschafter-geschichte.de
  21. ^ A b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on October 9, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.geschichte-on-demand.de
  22. ^ Census results on June 6, 1961
  23. ^ Census results on May 27, 1970
  24. ^ Census results on May 25, 1987
  25. Census May 9, 2011 ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. PDF; 41 kB. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lskn.niedersachsen.de
  26. 125 years of the county of Bentheim religious affiliation in the county of Bentheim 2008
  27. Grafschaft Bentheim number table 2017 , accessed on June 21, 2020
  28. nls.niedersachsen.de Results of the local elections in 2001 and 2006
  29. nls.niedersachsen.de ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Result of the 2011 local elections @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nls.niedersachsen.de
  30. Award document of the Lower Saxony Minister of the Interior from May 20, 1955 - IV / 1 No. 332.704 / 27 -
  31. a b c LK Grafschaft Bentheim: Main statutes of the district , accessed on August 27, 2017, PDF file
  32. a b nlt.de
  33. ^ Grafschafter Nachrichten of September 12, 2011: Kethorn takes a deep breath: Victory counts .
  34. a b Burkert (Ed.): Die Grafschaft Bentheim , pp. 288–291.
  35. geschichtsforum.de
  36. gbiu.de ( Memento of the original from May 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gbiu.de
  37. ↑ current-wahlen-niedersachsen.de : Final results and comparative figures in constituency no.79 Grafschaft Bentheim (PDF) , accessed on December 29, 2018.
  38. ↑ current-wahlen-niedersachsen.de : Final results and comparative figures in constituency No. 80 Lingen (PDF) , accessed on December 29, 2018.
  39. Federal Returning Officer: constituency results constituency 031 - Mittelems ( Memento of the original from October 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 15, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / bundeswahlleiter.de
  40. noz.de: Lingener MP Hermann Kues: Kümmerer with political stature , August 31 2012th
  41. a b c number table 2011, p. 53.
  42. Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Consumer Protection and Regional Development (ML): Landes-Raumordnungsprogramm Niedersachsen 2008 , Hannover 2008, p. 14.
  43. Grafschafter Nachrichten of July 14, 2010: Nordhorner Denkfabrik celebrates its birthday - Grafschafter Technologiezentrum opened 25 years ago in the commercial and industrial park
  44. ^ Lower Saxony logistics initiative : Market mirror logistics 2010/2011. Logistics-related investments in Lower Saxony. ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Pp. 9 and 13, PDF. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www2.logport-nds.de
  45. ^ Grafschafter Nachrichten dated December 14, 2011: Grafschaft: a logistics focus .
  46. Hans Georg Pusen: Lower Saxony: winners and losers. Tourism barometer confirms a plus of 400,000 overnight stays , in: Allgemeine Hotel- und Gastronomie-Zeitung, 24/2007, p. 43.
  47. a b c Grafschafter Nachrichten of October 26, 2013: Grafschaft is a popular travel destination .
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