Uelsen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Uelsen
Uelsen
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Uelsen highlighted

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '  N , 6 ° 53'  E

Basic data
State : Lower Saxony
County : County of Bentheim
Joint municipality : Uelsen
Height : 47 m above sea level NHN
Area : 19.46 km 2
Residents: 5687 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 292 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 49843
Area code : 05942
License plate : NOH
Community key : 03 4 56 023
LOCODE : DE UXX
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Itterbecker Strasse 11
49843 Uelsen
Website : www.uelsen.de
Mayor : Hajo Bosch ( CDU )
Location of the community of Uelsen in the Grafschaft Bentheim district
Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim Niedersachsen Königreich der Niederlande Landkreis Emsland Nordrhein-Westfalen Bad Bentheim Ohne Samern Schüttorf Schüttorf Quendorf Isterberg Engden Nordhorn Wietmarschen Georgsdorf Osterwald Lage (Dinkel) Halle (bei Neuenhaus) Uelsen Getelo Wielen Itterbeck Wielen Ringe Emlichheim Laar (Grafschaft Bentheim) Wilsum Gölenkamp Esche (Grafschaft Bentheim) Neuenhaus Hoogstedemap
About this picture

Uelsen [ ˈʏlzən ] is a municipality in the Grafschaft Bentheim district in Lower Saxony . The state-approved resort is the center and basic center of the Uelsen joint community and at the same time the seat of the joint community administration.

geography

Precipitation diagram Uelsen

The municipality of Uelsen is located in the far west of Lower Saxony, near the border with the Kingdom of the Netherlands .

history

prehistory

In the years 2003 to 2005 and again in 2016, the urn grave field Uelsen was uncovered on the southeast edge of the municipality . It represents an important burial ground from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age (12th to 6th centuries BC). The areas examined so far take up around 8,000 m² and contain around 250 urn and corpse cremation burials. A large part of the graves was surrounded by circular trenches - mostly simple, but also up to fourfold. The discovery of the urn grave field in the context of the existing burial mounds and the gold cup from Gölenkamp was the reason to build a reconstructed Bronze Age farmstead in Uelsen in 2005, the archaeological open-air museum Bronzezeithof .

middle Ages

The year 800 is assumed for the construction of the church in Uelsen. The place was the ecclesiastical center of the Lower County. The missionary work was carried out by Werenfried, who missionary under Willibrord in Friesland. Uelsen was first mentioned in 1131 in a document from the bishop of Utrecht , Andries von Cuijk . At that time the place belonged to Twente (now the Netherlands) and this in turn, like Utrecht, to the Holy Roman Empire . Around 1300 there was the castle of Count ten Tooren or von Thurn in Uelsen, the remains of which were used as a synagogue in the middle of the 19th century. The place passed into the possession of the Count of Bentheim in 1312 . In a papal document from 1327, St. Werenfried is named as the namesake of the church in Uelsen.

Early modern age

The Reformation was carried out in Uelsen from 1544 to 1597: the Lutheran Confession was introduced in 1544 and the Reformed Confession in 1588. Under Emperor Charles V , the border was regulated in 1546 and Uelsen was separated from the Netherlands. During the Spanish-Dutch war in 1580 there was heavy fighting in the forest of Uelsen.

The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) also affected Uelsen. The county of Bentheim was a neutral country, but the population still suffered greatly. Munster, Lüneburg, Hessian and Swedish troops moved into quarters and extorted food and belongings. As a result of war and famine, the plague broke out in 1636.

The town hall was built in 1650. When Christoph Bernhard von Galen , Bishop of Münster , waged war against the Netherlands in 1655, the county was again crossed by war troops. In 1666 Bernhard von Galen concluded the Peace of Nordhorn . After only six years of peace, the Bishop of Münster attacked the Netherlands again in 1672. In 1668 Count Ernst Wilhelm converted to the Catholic faith. He had the Reformed clergy replaced by Catholic ones. Most of the families in Uelsen, however, remained reformed. The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) also left its mark on Uelsen.

19th and 20th centuries

In the 1830s, many Grafschafter pastors and parishes joined the separation movement (Dutch: Afscheiding ) that was emerging in the Netherlands, the county and East Friesland , including numerous Reformed people in Uelsen who saw themselves as " old reformed ". The Netherlands was then the language of the Church , and until the end of the 19th century, also the colloquial language. Some of the churches were still singing and preaching in Dutch in 1933. The National Socialists came up against this and finally banned the use of Dutch in church services and at church celebrations. As in Emlichheim, the Old Reformed in Uelsen consistently rejected the National Socialist ideology. The “separation ceremony” for its 100th anniversary in October 1934 was not least an expression of the determination to defend the “Dutch connection”.

In the 19th century the population sank from 1200 to 806. Working-class families moved to Nordhorn and Schüttorf to find employment in the textile industry. Some families also emigrated to Holland and America. In 1921 an electricity company was founded. The construction of a water pipeline followed between 1929 and 1931.

In 1974 Uelsen became the seat of the new joint municipality Uelsen , to which the municipalities Getelo , Gölenkamp , Halle , Itterbeck , Wielen and Wilsum also belong. In 2006 Uelsen celebrated the 875th anniversary of the community with a festival week.

Incorporations

On March 1, 1974, the communities Höcklenkamp and Lemke were incorporated.

politics

Municipal council

After the local elections in 2016 , the Uels municipal council is composed as follows:

Political party Seats Gains / losses on 2011
CDU 8 seats +1 seat
SPD 6 seats -3 seats
UWG 3 seats +2 seats

mayor

In November 2016, Hajo Bosch (CDU) was elected the new honorary mayor of the community of Uelsen.

Churches

There are several places of worship in the community: the Evangelical Reformed Church (on the market), the Evangelical Old Reformed Church, the Roman Catholic St. Antonius Chapel and the Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. James. The latter comes from the Osnabrück architect Max H. Berling . If you include the community here, there are other sacred buildings in Wilsum and Egge.

Buildings and landmarks

  • town hall

  • The Evangelical Reformed Church in the center of Uelsen

  • Evangelical Reformed Church on the market square in Uelsen

  • Holland walker in Uelsen (by Leo Janischowsky and Partners, 1997)

  • Children's figures at the fountain in Uelsen (by Leo Janischowsky and Partners, 1997)

  • Uelsen war memorial

  • The Uelsen mill

  • Watermill in Uelsen

Twin town

The Uels twin town has been Tubbergen in the Netherlands since 1981 . The Uelsen municipality has also been partnered with Tubbergen since 2007.

Events

  • Season start: Saturday before Pentecost
  • Bronze Age Days: 2nd weekend in June
  • Folk and rifle festival: 2nd weekend in July
  • Nationwide elite auction of the Bentheimer Landschafes : Last Saturday in July
  • Living Archeology Festival: Last weekend of July
  • Autumn market (autumn fair): 3rd weekend in October
  • Night watchman tours: In autumn
  • Christmas market: on the Saturday before the 2nd Advent

An important place for events is the shooting and festival area on the outskirts. On July 14th 2007 the last concert of the Schürzenjäger in Germany took place here.

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture is still of great importance for the local economy in Uelsen . In addition to the farms, there are numerous service companies for agriculture, especially in the areas of animal feed, cattle trade and agricultural engineering . The municipality of Uelsen, together with the property and development company Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim mbH (GGB), founded the joint property and development company Uelsen mbH (GEG) in 2000, which develops and markets residential and commercial areas in Uelsen. This also includes various industrial and commercial areas, where mainly medium-sized companies and craft businesses have settled. There is also a wide range of retail and services in the center of Uelsen.

Another important mainstay of the communal economy is tourism , especially due to its predicate as a resort and u. a. through facilities such as the Grafschaft Bentheim holiday park . In the course of extensive investment activities , the indoor and outdoor swimming pool in Uelsen was converted into a combined swimming pool in Waldbald Uelsen .

The People's Bank Niedergrafschaft eG has its headquarters in Uelsen and is one of the largest employers. Other large companies and employers include Deppe Backstein-Keramik GmbH (brickworks), Kronemeyer GmbH (building services / plumbing), Veddeler und Partner (tax consultants and auditors) and Viehvermarktung Uelsen eG. More than 100 companies and traders have become active in the Uelsen advertising community - the Werbegemeinschaft e. V. merged.

traffic

Uelsen is on federal highway 403 . Regional buses (line 10) of the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Grafschaft Bentheim (VGB) run every hour on weekdays as well as on Sundays and public holidays to Neuenhaus , where there are connections to the train line RB 56 in the direction of Nordhorn and Bad Bentheim and to the regional bus line 30 in the direction of Nordhorn , as well as Itterbeck and Wilsum to Emlichheim . There is also an hourly VGB on- call bus service on weekdays, Sundays and public holidays , which connects Uelsen with Wielen , Getelo , Halle (near Neuenhaus) and Gölenkamp . From spring to autumn there are buses on the Emlichheim - Neuenhaus line at certain times (Fietsenbus) .

Public facilities

  • Municipality and total municipality administration
  • Uelsen local fire department of the Uelsen volunteer fire department
  • Uelsen police station of the Emsland / Grafschaft Bentheim police station
  • Waldbad Uelsen, outdoor and indoor pool

education

  • Kindergarten blackbirds
  • Tabaluga kindergarten
  • Uelsen primary school
  • Uelsen secondary school
  • Lise-Meitner-Gymnasium, Uelsen location
  • Niedergrafschaft music school
  • Volkshochschule Grafschaft Bentheim, Uelsen branch

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

Personalities who lived and worked on site

literature

in order of appearance

  • Peter Veddeler: The territorial development of the county of Bentheim up to the end of the Middle Ages. Studies and preliminary work on the historical atlas of Lower Saxony, 25th issue, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1970.
  • Helmut Lensing: The rise of National Socialism in the Grafschaft Bentheim with a special focus on the parish of Uelsen 1923–1933 .
    • Part 1: In: Bentheimer Jahrbuch , ISSN  0723-8940 , vol. 2007, pp. 251-268.
    • Part 2: In: Bentheimer Jahrbuch , ISSN  0723-8940 , vol. 2008, pp. 331–352.
  • André Berends: Stimulating instead of exciting. Joint municipality of Uelsen . In: Steffen Burkert (ed.): Die Grafschaft Bentheim. Past and present of a district . Heimatverein Grafschaft Bentheim, Nordhorn, 2nd edition 2010, vol. 3, pp. 929–983.

Web links

Commons : Uelsen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ↑ Jan Wiefker: The Utrecht Chapter of St. Pieter and the Church in Uelsen . In: Bentheimer Jahrbuch, ISSN  0723-8940 , vol. 1986, pp. 109-112.
  3. ↑ The revenue register of the church beatae marie virginis zu Uelsen, in: Das Bentheimer Land, Volume 149
  4. ↑ a b Helmut Lensing: The Emlichheim divorce ceremony in October 1934. The first old reformed community was established in Uelsen . In: The Grafschafter between castle and derrick . Published by the Heimatverein des Grafschaft Bentheim, born in 2009, No. 11, p. 43.
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 255 .
  6. ↑ Website with a detailed description of the church buildings in the village , accessed on March 10, 2010.
  7. ↑ Entry about the partner community Tubbergen on the homepage of the Samtgemeinde Uelsen.Retrieved on April 22, 2019, 10:26 pm
  8. ↑ https://www.be-mobil.de
  9. ↑ Line network of the VGB (PDF)
  10. ↑ http://www.fietsenbus.de