Wietmarschen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ' N , 7 ° 8' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | County of Bentheim | |
| Height : | 21 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 118.96 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 12,336 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 104 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 49835 | |
| Primaries : | 05908, 05925, 05946, 0591 | |
| License plate : | NOH | |
| Community key : | 03 4 56 025 | |
| LOCODE : | DE WHI | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptstrasse 62 49835 Wietmarschen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Manfred Wellen ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Wietmarschen in the Grafschaft Bentheim district | ||
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Wietmarschen is a unified municipality in the Grafschaft Bentheim district in Lower Saxony . The pilgrimage site of Wietmarschen is particularly well known for the statue of the Virgin Mary in the pilgrimage church of St. Johannes Apostel and the historic monastery area .
geography
Geographical location
Wietmarschen is located in the city triangle between Nordhorn , Lingen and Meppen . The highest point in the community is the Rupingberg in Lohne at 50 m above sea level. NN with an observation tower in planning. This observation tower will look similar to the one on the Isterberg near Bad Bentheim .
Neighboring places
The municipality of Wietmarschen borders in the north, starting clockwise, with the following places in the district of Emsland : Adorf , Twist (both Gem. Twist), Dalum (Gem. Geeste ), Wachendorf , Schepsdorf (both city of Lingen), Elbergen (Gem. Emsbüren ). In the county of Grafschaft Bentheim, the municipality of Wietmarschen borders on the following places: Engden ( Samtgem. Schüttorf ), Hesepe , Klausheide , Hohenkörben (Ksp. Nordhorn) (all town of Nordhorn), Hohenkörben (Ksp. Veldhausen), Alte Piccardie (both municipality of Osterwald , Samtgem. Neuenhaus ) and Georgsdorf (Samtgem. Neuenhaus).
Community structure
The municipality (a total of 12,519 inhabitants, as of February 1, 2017) is divided into six districts:
- Lohne (7291 inhabitants)
- Wietmarschen (3929 inhabitants)
- Füchtenfeld (647 inhabitants)
- Nordlohne (304 inhabitants)
- Schwartenpohl (186 inhabitants)
- Break in wages (162 inhabitants)
The youngest district is Füchtenfeld, where from 1945 refugees from East Germany settled in the barracks of the " Emsland Camp " in the moor, which were set up during the Nazi era . The largest district is Lohne, where the municipal administration is based in the town hall, which was newly built in 2008. There is a town hall branch in the district of Wietmarschen.
history
Wietmarschen was first mentioned in a document in 1152. The community developed from the Benedictine monastery Sünte Marienrode , which the knight Hugo von Büren from the Dutch Betuwe founded that year.
Against the bitter resistance of Wietmarschen, the municipality of Wietmarschen was removed from the county of Bentheim on March 1, 1974 and assigned to the county of Lingen. On August 1, 1977 she came back to the County of Bentheim.
Incorporations
On March 1, 1974, the communities Schwartenpohl and Wachendorf and the main part of the dissolved community Schepsdorf-Lohne (excluding the district of Schepsdorf ) with more than 3000 inhabitants at that time were incorporated.
Outsourcing
On July 1, 1978, the districts of Herzford, Rheitlage and Wachendorf, which had around 200 inhabitants at that time, were reclassified to the city of Lingen.
religion
Wietmarschen, which is shaped by Roman Catholicism, differs greatly in religious terms from the rest of the Grafschaft Bentheim district, which is shaped by Protestant reforms. Due to the influx of refugees after the Second World War, many Lutherans came to the district and thus also to Wietmarschen. In February 2006, religious affiliation was distributed as follows:
- 69.8% Roman Catholic
- 12.7% Evangelical Lutheran
- 4.7% Protestant Reformed
- 12.8% other denominations and non-denominational
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council of the municipality of Wietmarschen consists of 28 councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 11,001 and 12,000. The 28 council members are elected by local elections for five years each. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.
The full-time mayor Manfred Wellen (CDU) is also entitled to vote in the council of the municipality.
The last local election on September 11, 2016 led to the following result:
mayor
The full-time mayor of the municipality of Wietmarschen is Manfred Wellen (CDU). In the last mayoral election on May 25, 2014, he was elected with 65.2% of the vote. The turnout was 67.2%. Wellen took office on November 1, 2014, replacing Alfons Eling (CDU), who was no longer running. Eling was the first full-time mayor of the municipality of Wietmarschen from 2001 to 2014 and previously from 1982 to 2001 municipal director.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the municipality shows a stylized lily on a red field in the middle of the upper half and a golden cattail with a golden leaf each running from the lower edge of the coat of arms to the left and top right. The bulrushes represent the location of the community on the edge of the moor, which defines the character of the landscape. The stylized lily is a symbol of Mary and at the same time reminds of the important role that monastery and monastery played in the history of the community. The golden figures on a red background represent that the municipality belongs to the Grafschaft Bentheim district.
partnership
Mortagne-au-Perche became a partner municipality of Wietmarschen on July 2, 1989.
Culture and sights
Museums
Heimathaus Lohne
The Heimathaus was completed in 1994. On the ground floor there is a meeting and event room, on the upper floor historical equipment and objects around the house and yard are exhibited and archived by the Heimatverein. The "Upkamer" is used, among other things, by the community for civil weddings. The Heimathaus also includes a half-timbered barn, which was completed in 2000 and which the Heimatverein Lohne also uses as an exhibition room for a variety of historical equipment from the agricultural sector, as well as a bakery that was completed in 2001.
Heimathaus Wietmarschen, the so-called Packhaus
The packing house was built between 1740 and 1750 and for a long time served the arriving hauliers as an intermediate storage facility for goods that had to be transported from the coast or from the Osnabrück area to the county or further to the Netherlands . Later it was used as a malt house by the Lagemann grain distillery, which also owned the mill tower next to it . With the end of the distillery at the end of the 1930s, the packing house was no longer used and it was therefore left to decay. In 1992 the packing house became the property of the municipality and was renovated from 1995 to 1997. The packing house is now the home club Wietmarschen e. V. as a permanent exhibition of customs, old crafts, important documents and archaeological finds. Furthermore, the packing house is used by the municipality of Wietmarschen for civil weddings and council and committee meetings. In addition, adult education courses take place there. The packing house is also open to the Wietmarscher associations for events. The Heimatverein offers guided tours through the museum on request.
Wietmarschen Abbey and Pilgrimage Museum
In 1980 the monastery and pilgrimage museum was opened in the administrator's house on the monastery grounds next to the pilgrimage church. Among other things, some of the canons' valuable foundations were exhibited there. On May 19, 2017, the redesigned museum was reopened after extensive redesign and redesign. The focus of the permanent exhibition is Wietmarschen as a place of pilgrimage. The exhibition consists of the three parts Middle Ages , Baroque and 19./20. Century. The following opening times are planned for 2018: The museum will open in the Marian months of May and October on all Sundays and public holidays from 2 p.m. to 6 p.m. and on all Tuesdays from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. From June to September it is open on the first Sunday from 2:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. The exhibition will open on the pilgrimage Sunday, May 6th after the pilgrimage. On this day, additional votive offerings from the “old” Marienkapelle will be on view. Admission is free. The Heimatverein also offers guided tours through the museum on request.
Buildings and other sights
Pilgrimage Church of St. Johannes Apostel Wietmarschen
The pilgrimage church of St. Johannes Apostel Wietmarschen is visited by many pilgrims year after year. The reason for this is the miraculous image, a portrait of Our Lady enthroned from the 13th century. This is located in the new Marienkapelle, a modern glass chapel within the church, which was inaugurated in 2014. The current church consists of an older eastern part from the 13th century, which was built from granite blocks and sandstone blocks, and the larger, newer brick building, which was built in 1927. The church stands on the site of the former monastery district and medieval Sünte Marienrode monastery . The building also attracted national attention through the “Wietmarscher Glockensturz”. In November 2016, one of the three steel bells fell on the floor below because the retaining bolts had cracked due to material fatigue.
West side
Lady Chapel inside the church
Sanctuary
East Side
Restored historic Wietmarschen abbey area
The Benedictine monastery Sünte Marienrode was founded in 1152. From 1675 it was operated as a free worldly women's monastery . Only unmarried women or widows from the nobility were accepted. In the 17th century the canons built their own houses, four of which are still preserved today. Between 1981 and 1990 these buildings were stylishly restored by the architect Petra Berning from Lingen on behalf of the municipality of Wietmarschen. During the restoration, the existing historical building fabric was largely preserved. In the abbess house is today the community center of the cath. Wietmarschen parish established. The caretaker's house houses the parish library and the monastery and pilgrimage museum, in which valuable works of art, documents and memorabilia from the former collegiate church and the estate of the canons are on display. The collegiate house was redesigned into four apartments for the elderly. A café (Stiftscafé) was created from the servants' house . Furthermore, an old bakery, which is occasionally shown in its function by the Heimatverein, and an apiary were built near the café, which is supposed to refer to the beekeeping on the large heathland of the community, which was widespread until after the Second World War. The restored buildings, the large park with a Lourdes grotto on the former monastery grounds and the nearby monastery bush attract many tourists to Wietmarschen.
Servants' House (Stiftscafe)
Lourdes Grotto Wietmarschen
Abbess house
Marienkapelle in Stiftsbusch
Faith Path of the Beatitudes
The sculptures along the seven-kilometer faith trail of the Beatitudes from Lohne to Wietmarschen are supposed to be the stumbling block . In terms of content, they relate to the Beatitudes of the Gospel of Matthew in connection with current and regional topics. They were created around the turn of the millennium by the Osnabrück artist and sculptor Dominikus Witte. The monuments, made of Bentheim sandstone and partially provided with additional bronze elements, fit harmoniously into the landscape. The path of faith begins at the Heimathaus in Lohne. A boulder erected there is a symbol for the mountain of Beatitudes. From there the path leads over the Alte Diek to the pilgrimage church in Wietmarschen. There are a total of nine stones.
Sankt-Antonius-Kirche Lohne
The Sankt-Antonius-Kirche Lohne was built in 1969 (consecrated in September 1972) because the existing church was too small. In 1976, a 36.25 meter high bell tower was added.
Wietmarschen mill tower
The mill tower was built by the Lagemann brothers about 200 years ago as a mill and granary for their distillery, but it burned out in 1889 and was never repaired. Instead, the building got a roof and was used as a storage room from then on. In 1986 it was renovated and in 1992 it became the property of the municipality. In 2002/2003 it was completely renovated. Another mill tower, which is not open to the public, is located on Lingener Straße just before Lohnerbruch. The mill was used as a sawmill for a long time.
Urbrecker Wietmarschen
The "Urbrecker" on the market square in Wietmarschen is a symbol of the lawn iron mining in the Wietmarschen area. The design was carried out by the artist Dirk de Keyzer, Gent (Belgium). On the occasion of the inauguration of the new market square in Wietmarschen on August 28, 1999, the statue donated by the Sparkassenstiftung Grafschaft Bentheim was erected.
Bell tower Südlohne
The bell tower, built in 2004, is intended to commemorate the chapel that burned down in 1835. The original bell of the old chapel is located in the bell tower.
Sheepfold Moormann Schwartenpohl
The stables built in the 18th century were restored in 2004 as part of the “Moor without Borders” program. Before 1950, the farming family had 60 Bentheim country sheep grazed on the nearby moorland and heather under the shepherd Heinrich Schnieders. Then the peatland began and the farmers got rid of their sheep; the stables fell into disrepair.
Füchtenfeld rhododendron forest
The Germer tree nursery in Füchtenfeld has a more than sixty-year-old rhododendron forest that is accessible free of charge and was placed under monument protection in 1986.
Emslandlager XIII, Wietmarschen
The Emslandlager Wietmarschen was founded in May 1938. From that time until September 1939 it was used as a prison camp. From September 1939 it was used as a prisoner of war camp. This remained the case until the liberation in April 1945. The Füchtenfeld settlement emerged from Emslandlager XIII.
Part of the former camp is a war cemetery with 150 graves.
Sports facilities
- 5 gyms
- 19 sports fields (including 3 small playing fields)
- 10 beach volleyball fields
- 2 tennis courts (7 fields in total)
- 1 large equestrian center
- 2 model airfields
- 1 mini motor racing track
- 1 glider airfield
- 1 boules court
Regular events
Annual
- Shooting festivals (4 shooting clubs)
- Pilgrimages in Wietmarschen (Good Friday pilgrimage and family pilgrimage in May)
- Spring festival (every 2 years) in Lohne
- Urbrecker market (every 2 years) in Wietmarschen
- Christmas markets (in Wietmarschen, Füchtenfeld and Lohne)
- Fair
- Moped races
- Model flying day
- Country youth festivals
- Sports weeks of the sports clubs
Economy and Infrastructure
media
- Daily newspaper: Grafschafter Nachrichten and Lingener Tagespost
- Local newspaper: Lohner Echo, Wietmarscher Anzeiger (monthly)
education
- School center Lohne (secondary school)
- Sünte-Marien-Schule Wietmarschen (primary school)
- Elementary School Lohne
traffic
- Motorway connections:
- Federal highways:
- Regular connections by regional buses and collective taxis (especially in the late evening hours and on weekends) of the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Grafschaft Bentheim and the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Emsland-Süd to Lingen (Ems) , Nordhorn , Georgsdorf and Meppen . In Lingen (Ems) and also in Nordhorn there are connections to local and long-distance rail passenger transport. In addition, from spring to autumn at certain times between Nordhorn, Wietmarschen, Lohne and Lingen (Ems) there is a shuttle bus with a bicycle trailer (so-called Fietsenbus).
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Christa Brinkers (* 1891 in Wietmarschen, † 1975), teacher, writer and local history researcher, NS-Frauenschafts-Gaufführer Weser-Ems
- August Perk (* 1897 in Lohne, † 1945), resistance fighter
- Franz Schoo (* 1899 in Lohne, † 1970), trade unionist, MdL (1951–1955)
Personalities who lived and worked on site
- Matthias Rosemann (1866–1961), dean and pastor in Wietmarschen (1914–1961)
- Erich Maria Remarque (1898–1970), writer, worked as a teacher in Lohne from 1919 to 1920
- Hermann Lange (1912–1943), priest, chaplain in Lohne in 1939, was one of the Lübeck martyrs , beatified in 2011
- Reinhold Hilbers (* 1964), politician (CDU), member of the state parliament, councilor of the Wietmarschen community (1986–2011), Lower Saxony finance minister (since 2017), lives in Lohne
- Holger Waldmann (1964–2011), soccer referee
literature
- Christa Brinkers: Sünte Marienrode - Wietmarschen 1152-1952. A memory book for the 800th anniversary of the pilgrimage site Wietmarschen, based on historical and folklore reports, legends, stories, pictures and songs. Nordhorn 1974, DNB 800679121 . (The Bentheimer Land vol. 86)
- Clemens Honnigfort: Wietmarschen. Monastery, monastery and village. Published by the Heimatverein Wietmarschen, Bad Bentheim 1994.
- Heinrich Specht: Wietmarschen monastery and monastery. A settlement on the southern edge of the Bourtanger high moor. Nordhorn 1951, DNB 454773587 . (Das Bentheimer Land vol. 39)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ a b FindCity - Wietmarschen community - citizen information. Retrieved July 30, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 251 and 255 .
- ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on December 2, 2014
- ↑ Wietmarschen community - 2016 community election, final result
- ↑ Individual results of the direct elections on May 25, 2014 in Lower Saxony , accessed on November 8, 2014
- ↑ mps public solutions gmbh: Community portrait - Wietmarschen introduces itself ... In: www.wietmarschen.de. Retrieved July 20, 2016 .
- ↑ mps public solutions gmbh: Community portrait - community tour . In: www.wietmarschen.de. Retrieved July 24, 2016 .
- ^ Wietmarschen "Catholic island" of the county . In: GN-Online . ( gn-online.de [accessed on May 25, 2017]).
- ↑ mps public solutions gmbh: News - Stiftsmuseum - Opening times 2018. Accessed on March 6, 2018 .
- ↑ Andreas Eiynck: Church and culture in Wietmarschen Abbey - a walk through the pilgrimage church and through the historical abbey area . Ed .: Heimatverein Wietmarschen, parish of St. Johannes Apostel Wietmarschen. CHEESE PRESS Verlag, Werner Berning, Wietmarschen 2016, p. 8-9 .
- ↑ Bell crashed in Wietmarsch pilgrimage church . In: GN-Online . ( gn-online.de [accessed on January 14, 2017]).
- ↑ mps public solutions gmbh: Congregational portrait - faith path . In: www.wietmarschen.de. Retrieved July 20, 2016 .
- ↑ http://www.fietsenbus.de
