Neuenhaus
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Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ' N , 6 ° 58' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | County of Bentheim | |
| Joint municipality : | Neuenhaus | |
| Height : | 17 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 31.33 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,049 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 321 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 49828 | |
| Area code : | 05941 | |
| License plate : | NOH | |
| Community key : | 03 4 56 014 | |
City administration address : |
Veldhausener Strasse 26 49828 Neuenhaus |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Paul Mokry ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Neuenhaus in the Grafschaft Bentheim district | ||
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Neuenhaus is a city and seat of the Samtgemeinde new house in the district of Bentheim in the country Lower Saxony and has about 10,000 inhabitants. Neuenhaus is located on the Vechte and Dinkel near the border with the Kingdom of the Netherlands .
history
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Foundation and name
New home is a foundation of Bentheimer Count John II. In the year 1317, the along the trade route between Munster and Amsterdam the castle Dinkelrode erected for their safety. The name of the castle refers to the Dinkel river , which flows into the Vechte there . In 1328 the castle - to distinguish it from the nearby Bentheim Castle - is referred to as et nye hus (the new house), in 1369 as Nyenhuß and in 1457 Nyenhueß
There is a compound from the Middle Low German word nie, nige, nigge for new and hüs for house (/ -hausen).
development
In the 15th century, the rapidly growing settlement, which was granted city rights in 1369 , was fortified by ramparts and moats; Access was only through the four city gates Ülser, Veldhüser, Diek- and Prinsenpoorte. Therefore, General Carl von Rabenhaupt had to build 16 bridges over these trenches during the Second Dutch War before he could take the city on March 28, 1674.
From 1860 the city had a district court and other authorities, which were gradually moved to the district town of Nordhorn after the Second World War . In 1953 the Lower Saxony state parliament decided that Nordhorn should have its own district court, which was opened in 1955. Because of the resulting decrease in cases, the Neuenhaus district court (as well as the Bentheim district court) closed on July 1, 1973. Both districts were assigned to the Nordhorn district court.
The construction of two weirs on the Vechte and one weir on the Dinkel prevented Neuenhaus from being flooded by floods, as in previous years. The main street through the city center was gradually dismantled from 2005 to 2010 and the area in front of the old town hall was redesigned into a square after a southwest bypass road was built and opened in 2003. At the end of 2010 the old entrance to the town hall was reopened and a gate situation was created at the western moat that is similar to that on the other side of the city at the bridge over the eastern moat.
Incorporations
On July 1, 1970 the communities Grasdorf , Hilten and Veldhausen , which already existed in the 10th century, were incorporated. This merger took place against the will of the city of Neuenhaus and was decreed by the Lower Saxony state parliament in Hanover.
politics
City council
The Neuenhauser city council is composed of 25 councilors who were last elected in the Lower Saxony municipal elections in 2016 .
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Local election 2011:
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coat of arms
Blazon : “Divided by red and gold (yellow) obliquely on the left in a wavy cut, above a silver (white) tent with an upright black triangular opening, decorated with a five-petalled golden (yellow) crown, on the left accompanied by four bars of golden (yellow) balls; below a wide red, black-roofed house with stepped gables or (better) pinnacle gables and turrets. "
The coat of arms was designed by heraldist Waldemar Mallek and approved by the Osnabrück district government on October 31, 1972 . The war tent with the crown comes from the municipal seal of Veldhausen . It represents the war tent of General Rabenhaupt - Baron tho Sucha - a Dutch nobleman. The four golden balls - "Bentheimer Pfennigs" - come from the coat of arms of the Prince of Bentheim . The house is talking to new house. The term "new house" for which was built around 1317 Castle by Count Johann II of Bentheim was transferred to the City (1305-1332). The zinnengiebelhaus appears in a seal around 1400.
The house in the coat of arms shows a perspective flaw in the rear stepped gable: A step should still be visible from the invisible side of the house.
Partner communities
- Boussy-Saint-Antoine in France, since 1990
- Zelów in Poland, since 1993
- Gyermely in Hungary, since November 2010
Religions
Evangelical Reformed Church
The majority of the population belongs to the Evangelical Reformed parish. In general, this church is strongly represented in the county of Bentheim and East Friesland. The church, built in 1684, is in the city center. The new parish hall "Die Brücke", which stands right next to the church, was inaugurated in summer 2014. The previous building on Klinkhamerstraße was demolished in 2012 to make room for apartments for the elderly. It no longer met the requirements of a modern community building.
Roman Catholic Church
The second large parish is the Roman Catholic parish . The Church of the Assumption is located on the main street, next door is the parish hall. The chapel churches in Uelsen and Veldhausen are also looked after by the community. The Catholic community operates the St. Vincenz nursing home on Dackhorstweg.
Evangelical Lutheran Church
The third largest congregation is the Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Congregation . Before the Second World War it played only a minor role. Only after the arrival of refugees from the eastern regions did this community grow larger. In 1950, according to Otto Bartning's plans, a so-called community center (emergency church type D) was built in wood. This was donated by the Lutheran World Federation . Since the original belfry on the building was no longer stable enough, a new wooden bell tower was built separately.
The Johannes day-care center on Prinzenstrasse is operated by the community.
New Apostolic Church
Until 2011 there was a New Apostolic parish with a church on Kohdiek. Due to the dwindling number of members, the congregation was dissolved, the church building sold and the members integrated into the Nordhorn congregation .
Judaism
A small synagogue stood in Klinkhamerstrasse until the Reichspogromnacht on November 9, 1938 . It was destroyed in the course of the pogrom. At that time the congregation comprised around 25 believers from Neuenhaus, others came from the surrounding villages. To date, no new church has been established.
graveyards
There are three cemeteries in Neuenhaus . The main cemetery is on Ringgasse. The dead of all denominations are buried here. The morgue with a small chapel is attached. The Catholic cemetery is located on Nordhorner Straße. Since this cannot be expanded, only a few funerals take place here. The third cemetery is the Jewish cemetery on Wittenkamp (see: Sights).
traffic
Road traffic
Neuenhaus is located on the federal highway 403 from Ochtrup to the Laar / Coevorden border crossing (N382 in the Netherlands). It is 20 kilometers to the Wietmarschen junction of the federal motorway 31 , and 24 kilometers to the Bad Bentheim junction of the federal motorway 30 .
Bus transport
Regional buses run every hour by the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Grafschaft Bentheim (VGB) to Nordhorn (line 30), via Uelsen to Emlichheim (line 10) and via Veldhausen and Esche (Grafschaft Bentheim) to Hoogstede (line 20) and vice versa. There is also an hourly VGB on- call bus service that connects Neuenhaus with Osterwald and Georgsdorf as well as through Grasdorf with Lage . From spring to autumn, there are buses on line 10 Emlichheim - Neuenhaus at certain times (Fietsenbus) .
Rail transport
The rail traffic is carried out by the Bentheimer Eisenbahn . Between 1974 and 2019 the route was used exclusively for freight traffic. Since July 7, 2019, regional train 56 has been running from Bad Bentheim via Nordhorn to Neuenhaus with the following stations: Bad Bentheim, Quendorf, Nordhorn-Blanke, Nordhorn, Neuenhaus Süd and Neuenhaus. A continuation to Coevorden (NL) via Emlichheim is planned for the next few years. Deutsche Bahn trains stop in Bad Bentheim . In long-distance traffic, there are intercity buses on line 77 (Amsterdam – Berlin). Moreover, the operated Euro track the regional transport of Hengelo in the Netherlands Bad Bentheim, Schüttorf, Rheine, Osnabrück and Herford to Bielefeld. Lingen (Ems) train station can be used for north-south connections .
The Grafschafter Modellisenbahnclub (GrafMEC) based in Neuenhaus has been offering St. Nicholas rides for over 30 years . For this purpose, the association has historical passenger cars on a scale of 1: 1 that are pulled by a Bentheimer Eisenbahn locomotive. There are also special trips on other occasions.
Air traffic
The closest international airport is Münster / Osnabrück Airport . The airports in Düsseldorf and Amsterdam-Schiphol offer a wider range . The Nordhorn-Lingen airfield is located in Klausheide .
Healthcare
hospital
The closest hospital is the Euregio-Klinikum in Nordhorn, ten kilometers away. It is a specialized hospital .
Care facilities
- St. Vincenz Nursing Home (sponsored by: Catholic parish Neuenhaus)
A facility for inpatient care was created from the former Catholic hospital on Dackhorstweg.
- Hilten House (sponsored by: Nordhorn Social Services)
This nursing home also has its roots in a former hospital, the Protestant hospital on Hardinger Strasse. The old building was demolished in 2007. In its place was a modern and contemporary building for inpatient care.
- House at the Bürgerpark
The youngest institution in the city also moved into a building steeped in history: the district court, which was closed in 1973. In 2007, an investor created the conditions for inpatient care. In 2012 the former district aid office next to the district court was also converted into a day care facility.
doctors
Four general practitioners, a surgical practice, a gynecological practice, a pediatrician, an ear, nose and throat doctor, an ophthalmologist and three dentists have settled in Neuenhaus. (As of October 2013)
Pharmacies
Three pharmacies are operated in Neuenhaus. Two of the pharmacies are in the city center, another in a medical center.
education
Day care centers
Three institutions offer childcare:
- Johannes day care center (sponsored by: Lutheran St. Johannes Congregation Neuenhaus), three morning groups (one integrative), two afternoon groups and one crèche group,
- Spelled chameleon (sponsored by: Lebenshilfe Nordhorn), integrative kindergarten, two morning groups, two crèche groups
- Hilten dwarfs (sponsored by: DRK district association Grafschaft Bentheim), three morning groups, one detachment group
primary school
The primary school has existed at its current location at Borsthorst since 1972 . Before that there was the Protestant and Catholic elementary school. Parents' representatives from both schools decided to set up a joint non-denominational primary school.
In 2012, 259 students were taught in 13 classes.
Wilhelm Staehle School
The secondary and secondary schools are under one roof. It has been named since June 1, 2012 after the resistance fighter against National Socialism, Colonel Wilhelm Staehle, who was born in Neuenhaus . The school canteen, which opened in 2011, is run as a municipal company.
In 2012, 698 students were taught in 30 classes.
Lise Meitner High School
In Neuenhaus it is possible to complete all levels from kindergarten to high school on site. The grammar school , named after the physicist Lise Meitner , offers grades 5–10 in secondary level I and upper level in upper secondary level. There is a branch of the high school in Uelsen . In order to attend the upper level, however, the students have to come to Neuenhaus.
In 2012, 428 students were taught in 17 classes in lower secondary level and 206 students in 15 classes in upper secondary level.
Former school types
On May 31, 1972, the district president in Osnabrück approved the preschool as a school trial. Children were prepared for school here for 30 years until the school system was discontinued in 2002. The former Catholic elementary school was available as a building. Today the tenth secondary school classes are taught here.
On August 1, 1969, the special school for people with learning disabilities was founded in Neuenhaus. It was housed in the rooms of the former Protestant primary school. Due to the falling number of pupils, the decision was made in 2010 to merge the Neuenhaus Castle School with the Emlichheim Special School. Since fewer structural measures were necessary to continue in Emlichheim, this location was selected in a district council meeting. The building of the former elementary school was completely demolished in spring 2015.
Another school trial started on August 1, 1971. The independent schools of Hauptschule, Realschule and Gymnasium Neuenhaus merged to form the Cooperative Comprehensive School (KGS) Neuenhaus . They were then considered to be school branches. This was unique in Germany. In the 5th and 6th grades, the students attended a cooperative entry and support level (later orientation level ), which ended in a recommendation for a secondary school branch.
In grades 7–10 there were cross-school subjects such as music, handicrafts, art, sports or housekeeping. Working groups or school events took place together. The trial ended in 2007 after 36 years.
Economy and tourism
The largest companies based in the city of Neuenhaus and its districts include Dietrich Borggreve Zwieback & Keksfabrik , the Neuenhauser group of companies (mechanical engineering and others), Wink Stanzwerkzeuge (whose shareholders include members of the Oetker family), Kip graphic companies (labels, cardboard packaging ) and the construction company Anton Meyer.
Neuenhaus is located on different, signposted routes within the cycle path network of the district, which, among other things, lead along the art path sculpture route.
Events
- Sports festival in the Dinkelstadion
- Shooting festival
- City festival
- Christmas market at the old town hall
- Guard parade on New Year's Eve
Attractions
- Neuenhaus observatory and planetarium
- The Jewish cemetery Hilten am Wittenkamp is the largest surviving Jewish cemetery in the Grafschaft Bentheim. It was created around 1685 at the latest, when the first Jewish families are recorded in Neuenhaus. 57 tombstones have been preserved. The Veldhauser poet Carl van der Linde , to whom the Grafschafter Heimatverein dedicated a memorial stone in 1971, is also buried.
- The old town hall was built in 1793 and is located in the city center on the main street. There is a small turret on the roof. In it is the birth bell from 1639. The bell can be struck when a new inhabitant is born. While the city council and mayor used to make their decisions here, the town hall is now available as a space for exhibitions or small concerts. Weddings take place regularly in the former council chamber.
societies
sports clubs
The largest club in town is the gymnastics and sports club (TuS) Neuenhaus . He offers a wide range of sports such as badminton, swimming, table tennis and hiking. In the handball department there is a syndicate with the neighboring club Olympia Uelsen (SG Neuenhaus / Uelsen). Football in the league is offered by SV Borussia Neuenhaus, founded in 1908. In 2002/2003, a club house with changing rooms was built on the premises of the Dinkelstadion .
Football teams for leisure leagues are provided by the Sturmvögel Hilten and the Spiel- und Sportclub (SSC) Grasdorf . The SSC also offers dodgeball or gymnastics , for example . Both clubs have venues with club houses. Tennis is offered by the Rot-Weiß Neuenhaus tennis club (TC) . On Papestrasse there is a tennis hall, several outdoor courts and a club house.
Other clubs
- Heimatfreunde Neuenhaus e. V. (traditional customs)
- Kulturpassinitiative Neuenhaus e. V. (cultural events)
- Art Association Grafschaft Bentheim e. V. (art and culture)
- Advertising community Neuenhaus e. V. (economic development)
- Schützenverein Neuenhaus e. V.
- Fishing club Neuenhaus e. V.
- Amnesty International - Neuenhaus branch
- Transport and Improvement Association (VVV) Neuenhaus e. V.
- German Red Cross - Neuenhaus local association
Sons and daughters
- Arnold II. (IV.) Of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1554–1606), Count of Bentheim, Steinfurt, Tecklenburg and Limburg
- Johann Ortwin Westenberg (1667–1737 in Leiden), German legal scholar
- Geesjen Pamans (1727-1821), Pietist author
- Heinrich Bening (1801–1895), district administrator, economist, member of the Prussian House of Representatives
- Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel (1811–1871), German-Dutch botanist
- Franz Wilhelm Miquel (1818–1855), high school teacher, editor and writer
- Johann Anton Köhler (1819–1900), Mayor, member of the Prussian House of Representatives
- Johannes von Miquel (1828–1901), Prussian finance minister and later mayor of Osnabrück and Frankfurt am Main , is considered the "forefather of all tax reformers" and the initiator of the Prussian Central-Genossenschaftskasse ( Preußenkasse ), the oldest forerunner of the DZ Bank
- Carl van der Linde (1861–1930), Low German poet
- Wilhelm Staehle (1877–1945), resistance fighter and participant in the uprising of July 20, 1944
- Engelbert Pötters (1883–1961), printer owner, newspaper publisher, craftsman functionary, member of the Hanover provincial council
- Georg Kip (1886–1965), local history researcher, newspaper publisher
- Viktor van der Reis (1889–1957), physician, pioneer of gastrointestinal microecology in humans
- Karl E. Smidt (1903–1984), German naval officer, most recently Rear Admiral of the Federal Navy, NATO commander (fleet chief),
- Wilhelm Buddenberg (1914–1992), local writer, mayor, district administrator, member of the Lower Saxony state parliament
- Lukas Beckmann (* 1950 in Hilten), politician of the Greens
- Eckhard Heise (* 1953), actor
- Burkhard Brandt (* 1957), clinical chemist
- Roland Riese (* 1960), politician of the FDP , member of the Lower Saxony state parliament 2003–2013
- Anja Herrenbrück (* 1974), radio play director and author
literature
- Siegfried Wiarda: Neuenhaus in old views . European Library, Zaltbommel, 4th ed. 1994
- Volume 1. ISBN 90-288-1831-6 .
- Volume 2. ISBN 90-288-1634-8 .
- Heinrich Voort: The sequestration of Neuenhaus and the Niedergrafschaft Bentheim by King Wilhelm Great Britain in 1696 . In: Bentheimer Jahrbuch , ISSN 0723-8940 , vol. 1999, pp. 133-156.
- Diddo Wiarda: An unusual woman from Neuenhaus. Geesjen Pamans - spiritual mother of Reformed Pietism in the county of Bentheim . In: The Grafschafter between castle and derrick . Published by the Heimatverein der Grafschaft Bentheim, born in 2004, No. 8, pp. 29–30.
- Hubert Titz (ed.), Ruth Prinz (ed.): Neuenhaus - views and insights. Aspects of a city history (= series of publications by the Volkshochschule Grafschaft Bentheim , vol. 30). Hellendoorn, Bad Bentheim 2011, ISBN 3-938552-05-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Jürgen Udolph : Place Name Research .
- ^ Grafschafter Nachrichten of November 23, 2006: The district court becomes a senior citizens' residence. Historic building in Neuenhaus completely renovated - hospital association as tenant .
- ↑ Separate courtrooms for textile metropolis ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Grafschafter Nachrichten. January 4, 2006.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 254 .
- ↑ https://neuenhaus.more-rubin1.de/fraktionen.php
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Neuenhaus, § 2. (PDF; 41 kB) Retrieved on April 20, 2014 .
- ↑ Neuenhaus. ngw.nl, accessed April 20, 2014 .
- ↑ Line network of the VGB (PDF)
- ↑ http://www.fietsenbus.de
- ↑ https://www.be-mobil.de
- ↑ Start to the minute for the Grafschaft-Express. In: Grafschafter Nachrichten online, July 7, 2019, accessed July 7, 2019.
- ↑ Information on special trips of the GrafMEC
- ↑ a b c Council information system, template 2012/0246, annex school statistics
- ↑ School history Neuenhaus - elementary school ( Memento of the original from October 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Neuenhaus School History - Neuenhaus Castle School ( Memento of the original from October 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ School history Neuenhaus - KGS Neuenhaus ( Memento of the original from October 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ The Jewish cemetery in Neuenhaus today
- ↑ Heimatfreunde Neuenhaus: Birth bell
