NINO business park
The NINO business park is located in Nordhorn and was created in 2008, when the factory premises of NINO AG were given a new use as a “supra-regional competence center and network for the economy” following the bankruptcy of the former global company and years of vacancy and impending decline.
As part of the reorganization concept, the economic competence center around the spinning mill building was built in the eastern part of the site . The western part of the site was divided into two sections: The area around the former raw fabric warehouse , which is now used by the adult education center and has been expanded to include a complex that houses the Protestant grammar school , to which a sports area is attached. Opposite it is the administration building with a ball store and a war memorial. Despite the long vacancy, the typical architectural details of the exterior views of all four remaining buildings have been preserved and have been preserved through extensive renovation. Inside, the buildings were prepared for their new use by means of major renovations and renovations.
The originally planned development of residential areas on the site was abandoned due to a lack of investors, but also in favor of an enlarged grammar school and generous open spaces. The rest of the former factory site was made usable as a business park, which, in addition to the preserved factory buildings, all of which are listed as historical monuments , has a good six hectares of freely parcelable land that is open for mixed commercial use; Medium-sized companies, small businesses, service providers and service companies from the fields of business, technology and education should be able to use space close to the city center at attractive conditions. The original planning was based on the project completion by 2003. However, the concept has so far only been implemented in this form in parts; In particular, those responsible had overestimated the interest of wealthy investors and underestimated the extent of the necessary soil remediation.
Company history
In 1897 the Niehues weaving mill was founded by Bernhard Niehues and Friedrich Dütting . The production of apron fabrics began with 30 looms and 60 employees. In 1904 there were already around 700 employees at Niehues & Dütting (N & D), as the company was now called. In the course of the 1920s, N & D reached a top position in the German textile industry with its 3,000 employees. In 1929 it was built up as a three-tier textile company consisting of spinning , weaving and finishing .
Over the years the company specialized in the finishing of fabrics and was one of the leading textile companies in Europe between 1950 and 1970. In the high phase of European textile production around 1957, the company now operating under the name NINO employed up to 6,000 people in the plant. In the meantime, the factory premises were almost completely built up with one to two-storey factory halls, so that new production halls were built on a newly acquired area on the other side of the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal and the second administrative building that became necessary was erected there.
The area of the main plant up to Zeppelinstrasse was 11.4 hectares. The spinning mill with winding and twisting mill was on the eastern side of the site. The factory halls for the pretreatment, sizing, dyeing, finishing, locksmithing, joinery, electrical workshop, finished goods warehouse and other warehouse stretched across the western building complex. The neutralization system was located near the main company premises.
In the textile crisis from the mid-1970s, changes in the world textile market and increasing globalization led to the company's gradual end. In 1994 NINO AG filed for bankruptcy . After production ceased, the building construction spinning machines were sold to Eastern Europe . As of December 31, 1994, the remaining 1 570 employees also lost their jobs. What remained were orphaned and decaying factories and an industrial wasteland with a contaminated site problem of an initially unknown extent.
Factory area and preserved buildings
The company's premises stretched from Prollstrasse in the north to Frensdorfer Ring, along Turmstrasse and its extension in the east to the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal in the south. In the west, the boundary stretched along Hafenstrasse and the Bentheim Railway line. The maximum extension was 850 meters in a north-south direction and 300 meters in a west-east direction. The Bentheimer Eisenbahn AG rail route ran directly to the west of the redevelopment area and only operates this route for goods traffic. The Nordhorn-Almelo Canal from 1892, which runs south of the redevelopment area, is no longer used for inland navigation. The canal stretches along the area for about 500 meters. In the north, the freight yard and a horticultural store bordered the redevelopment area.
Moving in a clockwise direction, there were mainly small-scale, one to two-storey residential developments as well as a drinks store and a school on the east side of the plant. There were several building ensembles along Turmstrasse and Hambrachstrasse that arose from the company housing construction. In the southeast, directly on the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal, there was a business from the paper recycling industry that was demolished after a fire. Due to the preferred location of the property on the canal and the surrounding residential area as well as the obvious inoperability of these areas, the property was included in the renovation.
The spinning mill building erected in 1928/29, together with the raw fabric warehouse built in 1921/22 and the administration built in 1921/23, form an ensemble of industrial monuments that shaped both the former factory site and the cityscape of Nordhorn. Like most of the NINO structures, these buildings were constructed according to the plans of the Stuttgart industrial architect Philipp Jakob Manz .
Spinning mill construction
The NINO building was designed by Manz during the textile heyday of Nordhorn and built in 1928/29. The building construction of the spinning mill by Niehues & Dütting was conceived as the new center of a factory complex that was at the same time greatly expanded around Nordhorn Prollstrasse. To this day it is the largest single building in the city of Nordhorn. Together with the spinning mill building recently built by the competitor Ludwig Povel & Co. , the monumental industrial buildings in the middle of the city shaped the Nordhorn cityscape for decades.
From 2005, nine years after the plant was closed, the renovation and redesign of the building into a “Competence Center for Business” began according to the plans of the Münster architects Rainer Kresing with a financial investment of around 26 million euros. Since its completion, the building construction has offered 10,000 m² of usable space, which is divided into around 7,500 m² for offices and a congress hall, 600 m² seminar / meeting rooms and 1,400 m² for a museum gallery and a catering area, which is in charge of the Nordhorn City Museum .
The competence center was opened in 2010.
The structure of the spinning mill remained largely unchanged. Inside, however, the area has been reduced by around a third and divided into two parts by means of a roofed courtyard gallery extending over three floors. While the ground floor as well as the first and second floors are reserved for commercial use, the top two of the total of five storeys have been converted into loft apartments .
Administration building with bale warehouse
From 1921 to 1923, the administration building and the bale warehouse were built on Prollstrasse, also based on plans by Philipp Jakob Manz. This building complex is considered to be one of the most important architectural monuments in the city's textile history. Together with the raw fabric store opposite, also designed by Manz, which is now used by the adult education center and the Protestant grammar school, it formed, as it were, the entrance gate to the NINO factory site.
Between the administration building with the bale store and the raw fabric store opposite, the most important visual axis runs along the former Fabrikstrasse, which directs the view of the massive spinning mill building and thus forms a building ensemble that characterizes the cityscape.
The administration building with its three floors and a mighty hipped roof was originally built on an L-shaped base, the long side of which is aligned parallel to Prollstrasse.
The facade structure of the Ballenlager is determined by strong wall templates, between which vertically aligned fields are embedded. The ball bearing was only exposed to light through a few windows in the narrow sides and through a narrow band on the ridge of the hipped roof. Inside, the bale warehouse initially only had a large room for storing cotton. So that this storage room could be bridged without supports, the roof structure was equipped with a triple hanging structure. A ceiling was later put in the warehouse above the ground floor.
In 1927 a single-storey wing was added to Steinweg, giving the administration building a U-shaped base. In 1936, again according to Manz's plans, this extension was provided with two upper floors and a converted attic. The facades of the bale warehouse adjoining the administration building were not clad with artificial stone slabs, but the structure of the facades was aligned with that of the administration building. The heights of the cornice and the eaves were taken over from the administration building.
The porter's lodge, erected in 1921 as the first building in this ensemble on Prollstrasse, was demolished.
Another former NINO administration building is located outside this area on Bentheimer Straße on the other side of the Nordhorn-Almelo Canal .
Raw fabric warehouse
The raw fabric store was part of the extensive factory complex from Nordhorn's textile heyday, it was designed by the Stuttgart industrial architect Philipp Jakob Manz and built in 1921/22.
The building with its simple, neoclassical façade was placed at the northern entrance to the factory site between the Werkstrasse which begins there and the tracks of the Bentheimer Railway .
It was a four-storey building under head Mansard - hipped roofs built and consisted of an aligned on the north side wide building, the deeper two and together slightly narrower parts of the building was connected.
When the plant was closed in 1994, it was vacant until 2002, when the building was renovated while largely preserving its external appearance and converted into a multifunctional office and commercial building.
After the renovation, the Nordhorn Adult Education Center found its new headquarters here, which until then had been spread over five different locations in Nordhorn. With this use, a good half of the usable area (3,250 of a total of 6,100 m²) could be occupied.
At the beginning of the 2004/05 school year, the grammar school on the city ring road initially set up a branch in the remaining rooms.
At the same time, a discussion began again about the establishment of a second grammar school in Nordhorn. As early as 1968, the district council had decided to set up a second grammar school in Nordhorn. In May 1970, however, the intention was not pursued because the number of pupils was declining and there was no clear school concept in Lower Saxony. Instead, the discussion shifted to the introduction of the orientation level in Lower Saxony. The new advance came through the parish council of the Lutheran parish of Emsland / Grafschaft Bentheim with the proposal to run the grammar school jointly with the Reformed Church. After the orientation level was terminated in 2004, the district initially decided to outsource two school years to a branch on the NINO site.
In view of the skyrocketing number of students at the Nordhorn grammar school, there was a rethink in spring 2006. Grades 5 to 8 were now in seven classes, grades 9 and 10 in six classes. The number of pupils had risen from 900 to almost 1,600 in the last two years, and the teaching staff had to be increased from 70 to 115 in the same period. On June 21, 2007, after a long and sometimes controversial debate, the district council unanimously decided to build and set up a second grammar school in the district town of Nordhorn under the sponsorship of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover .
Protestant high school
Shortly afterwards, the construction of the school building and the outdoor facilities for the newly founded Evangelical High School Nordhorn (EGN) began. According to the plans of the architects Breidenbend and Pena, a three-storey new school building and outdoor facilities including school sports facilities for the grammar school were built.
Twelve general classrooms, two physics rooms, the library, a multi-purpose room as an auditorium and cafeteria as well as a serving kitchen and various ancillary rooms were created on around 3,300 square meters.
The inauguration of the new grammar school and the enrollment of the first students took place in August 2008. The celebration began with an open air service; Regional Bishop Margot Käßmann delivered the sermon .
The Evangelical Gymnasium is designed as an open all-day school with two afternoons with compulsory courses and two afternoons with voluntary courses such as homework help. To strengthen the class community, lunch is shared every school day in the school canteen.
Business park
When the company went bankrupt in 1994/96, a new use had to be found for the entire 20-hectare former factory complex in the immediate city center, the center of which was the spinning mill building, before the area became an industrial wasteland.
In 1999, the city of Nordhorn and the county of Bentheim founded the NINO redevelopment and development company (called Nino SEG) in order to redevelop the twelve hectare area and prepare it for new uses. A little later the demolition of the factory halls began. Ultimately, only its size prevented the building from being demolished; the demolition costs would have been enormous.
In 2000, a Nordhorn group of investors acquired the industrial building from the NINO insolvency estate, had to give up their attempt to convert the property into an office center for financial reasons and to return the building in 2004 to the redevelopment assets of the city of Nordhorn.
The huge spinning mill building stood in the way of the city of Nordhorn's newly formulated goal in 2001/2002 of removing all industrial buildings on the NINO site and designating the area as a residential area. In addition, the number of voices in favor of the preservation of this unique symbol of the Nordhorn textile era has increased. Architects, such as the Stuttgart architecture historian Kerstin Renz, warned that the Nordhorn spinning mill buildings by NINO and Povel were "impressive late works by the famous master builder Manz" and "an absolute exception in European comparison".
In 2005, the city of Nordhorn decided to set up a "business park" with the spinning mill building as a landmark and a "supra-regional competence center and network for the economy", which was to be framed by a grammar school and adult education center in the raw fabric warehouse and a new residential area. The business park should be open to mixed use; Medium-sized companies, small businesses, service providers and service companies should be able to use space close to the city center at attractive conditions. The original planning was based on the project completion by 2003. However, the concept has only been able to be implemented in this form so far; In particular, those responsible had overestimated the interest of wealthy investors.
Until 2006, some old halls were still rented to different users. Then 40,000 m² of hall space was demolished, including the halls of the showroom , the finished goods warehouse and the workshops between Werkstrasse, the railway site and Zeppelinstrasse. Three major architectural monuments have been preserved: the spinning mill building, administration building and raw fabric store, all of which have been placed under monument protection. After massive protests by residents, the Manz tower also escaped demolition for decades, but fell into disrepair more and more. On May 24, 2013, the Grafschafter Nachrichten reported surprisingly: The “Manz turret” is history. The demolition of the old factory facade was due to a company relocating to the site.
The many years of industrial use of the site led not only to partial contamination of the building structure but also to considerable contamination of the subsoil. High levels of pollution were found on the area exposed after the demolition . In addition to significant groundwater -Verschmutzungen the renovators found poison centers under the former Kalanderraum and Locksmith . In the area of the former company filling station and the oil and chemicals store along Zeppelinstrasse, soil and groundwater contamination was even detected that reached more than 20 meters below the ground level. Attempts were made to eliminate this contamination from the end of 2006 by means of a complex soil replacement and chemical and biological degradation processes; Work will continue at the beginning of 2013.
The redevelopment and new use of the former NINO site thus includes, in addition to the already completed demolition measures, extensive soil and groundwater remediation measures that are currently (mid-2013) being continued. These include soil replacement measures, hydraulic safety measures and various in-situ rehabilitation techniques.
literature
- Christoph Uricher: Successful structural change: former raw fabric warehouse converted by Nordhorn textile company. In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony , 24, 2004, no. 2, pp. 33–36.
- Udo Schwabe: Textile industry in the county of Bentheim, 1800-1914 . Publishing house of the Emsland landscape for the districts of Emsland and Grafschaft Bentheim, 2008. ISBN 978-3-925034-43-5 .
- German National Library Kerstin Renz: The architect Philipp Jakob Manz (1861-1936 ) in: Built industrial culture.
Web links
- Special supplement of the Grafschafter Nachrichten of October 30, 2010: NINO-Hochbau (PDF; 8.7 MB)
- City of Nordhorn, Building Regulations Office: Building history of the Nino building (2003) (PDF; 194 kB)
- NINO-Seg: renovation
- NINO-Seg: From textile factory to think tank.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The company name NINO was formed from the first two letters of the surname of the company founder (Niehues) and the main location in Nordhorn.
- ↑ NINO-Seg: History of NINO AG ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ NINO-Sanierungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Stadtmuseum Nordhorn: NINO-Hochbau ( Memento of the original from September 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ NINO brochure: Floor plans / room offer ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.4 MB)
- ↑ City of Nordhorn: NINO raw fabric warehouse (PDF; 196 kB)
- ^ Grafschafter school history
- ↑ Design guide NINO-Areal ( Memento of the original from August 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ Nordhorn City Museum: Two spinning mill buildings - landmarks of textile history
- ↑ Grafschafter Nachrichten of April 6, 2006: NINO cancellation is on the home straight ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ GN of May 24, 2013: The "Manz tower" is history
- ↑ Grafschaft Bentheim from June 7, 2006: Status report on the remediation of contaminated sites on the former NINO site ( Memento of the original from December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.umtec-partner.de/fileadmin/Dateien/Downloads/Flaechenrecycling.pdf
