Heidekreis district
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Coordinates: 52 ° 55 ' N , 9 ° 45' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Lower Saxony |
| Administrative headquarters : | Bad Fallingbostel |
| Area : | 1,873.72 km 2 |
| Residents: | 140,673 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 75 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | HK |
| Circle key : | 03 3 58 |
| NUTS : | DE938 |
| Circle structure: | 22 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Vogteistraße 19 29683 Bad Fallingbostel |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Manfred Ostermann ( independent ) |
| Location of the district of Heidekreis in Lower Saxony | |
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The district of Heidekreis is a district in the state of Lower Saxony . It lies almost entirely in the Lüneburg Heath , after which it is named. The district town is Bad Fallingbostel , the most populous cities are Walsrode and Soltau .
The district was created on August 1, 1977 from a merger of the dissolved districts Fallingbostel and Soltau . Until the renaming on August 1, 2011, it existed under the name Landkreis Soltau-Fallingbostel .
geography
location
The landscape of the Heidekreis district is shaped by the Lüneburg Heath , the southwest also by the Aller-Urstromtal . Most of the district area belongs to the Südheide , only the north-east has a share of the Hohe Heide and the Lüneburg Heath Nature Park . This is where the Böhme rises , whose winding valley roughly coincides with the longitudinal axis of the district and where the most important places are located. To the north-west of the Böhme there are agricultural and forestry dominated, gently undulating plateaus, to the south-east the high relief of the Falkenberg terminal moraine rises , which is almost entirely in the Bergen military training area.
The district belongs to the metropolitan regions of Hamburg and Hanover-Braunschweig-Göttingen-Wolfsburg . The old district of Soltau in the north is traditionally more oriented towards Hamburg, while the southern old district of Fallingbostel tends towards Hanover.
Neighboring areas
The district of Heidekreis borders clockwise in the north, beginning with the districts of Harburg , Lüneburg , Uelzen and Celle , the Hanover region and the districts of Nienburg / Weser , Verden and Rotenburg (Wümme) .
Waters
By far the largest rivers in the district are the Aller and the Leine , which carries more water than the Aller at the point of confluence. The Böhme flows through the district almost in its entire length. Other rivers (over 10 kilometers in length in the district) are Aue (Wietze), Bomlitz , Fulde , Große Aue (Böhme) , Gilmerdinger Bach / Hahnenbach , Krelinger Bach, Kleine Örtze , Lehrde , Brunau / Luhe , Örtze , Meiße , Veerse, Warnau , Mehlandsbach / Wiedau , Wietze (Örtze) and Haverbeeke / Wümme .
history
Historically, the area of today's Heidekreis district belonged to the former Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and its successor states. On May 6, 1884, the district regulations of the Prussian province of Hanover came into force. The Fallingbostel office was merged with the Ahlden office to form the Fallingbostel district in April 1885 , and the dispute over the district seat between Fallingbostel and Walsrode was decided in favor of Fallingbostel. At the same time the office of Soltau was transferred to the district of Soltau , only the municipality of Fintel fell to the district of Rotenburg .
On August 1, 1932, the ordinance on the reorganization of rural districts came into force. In § 64 it was determined that the districts of Fallingbostel and Soltau are to be merged into a new district of Fallingbostel-Soltau with a district seat in Fallingbostel. This was implemented on October 1, 1932. After protests from Soltau, the two circles were separated again exactly one year later. All the furniture and files were brought back to Soltau in a convoy of 30 trucks.
In 1935, rumors about the establishment of a large military training area in the districts of Fallingbostel and Celle were confirmed . The Fallingbostel district lost almost 18% of its area to the Bergen military training area . The sometimes centuries-old municipalities of Wense , Untereinzingen , Obereinzingen , Oerbke , Oberndorfmark , Böstlingen , Hartem , Ettenbostel , Ostenholz and Oberhode had to be abandoned by their residents. Other communities were affected by the loss of partial areas.
After the end of the Second World War , the British occupying power introduced two-pronged local self-government in 1946 . From then on, the district council was at the head of the district council and the district director was at the head of the district administration. This regulation was retained in Lower Saxony until 1996.
In July 1957, the Fallingbostel district took over a partnership for the Rummelsburg / Pomerania home district , and Soltau followed in April 1960 with a partnership with the Soldin / Neumark home district . The former residents of these areas then met regularly in Fallingbostel or Munster and Schneverdingen.
In 1963 the Soltau-Lüneburg Agreement came into force. This agreement between Germany, Canada and the United Kingdom regulated the military use of additional areas in the Lüneburg Heath. 3,700 hectares of today's Heidekreis district belonged to the red areas , which were made available for permanent and unrestricted use. Until the agreement expired in 1994, residents had to deal with exposure to dust, noise and military traffic.
The hour of birth of today's Heidekreis district was in 1977. A comprehensive regional reform in Lower Saxony in 1972 was followed by another district reform a few years later as part of the eighth law on administrative and regional reform. The design was presented on January 13, 1975. According to Section 15, the Fallingbostel and Soltau districts were to be dissolved and merged into a new Fallingbostel district. In particular, the choice of the district seat Fallingbostel caused protests from the more populous city of Soltau, as it contradicted the largely accepted report by Werner Weber . All negotiations, citizens' initiatives and protest events were futile, and a lawsuit before the Lower Saxony State Court in Bückeburg was unsuccessful. The Fallingbostel district was created on August 1, 1977 from the old Fallingbostel and Soltau districts and a municipality in the Uelzen district . In the second district council meeting after the district council elections on October 23, 1977, District Administrator Wolfgang Buhr (CDU Soltau) requested that Soltau be designated as the district seat again. Since the district assembly consisted of 26 members from the northern district (Soltau district) and only 24 from the southern district (Fallingbostel district), the vote went out accordingly. The state cabinet rejected this decision as inadmissible. As a compromise offer, in addition to changing the name - Soltau-Fallingbostel - a branch office of the district administration in Soltau was set up.
The first years of the district's history were marked by the existence of large training areas for the British Rhine Army , NATO and the German Armed Forces and the efforts of the district to make as many areas as possible accessible to the lively excursion and hiking tourism in the Lüneburg Heath. After the end of the Cold War , some military training areas were cleared and are now publicly accessible as nature reserves , but there are still large garrisons in Munster and in the district town of Bad Fallingbostel.
On February 2, 2005, the partnership for the home district of Soldin (see above, Paragraph 5), which had existed since 1960, was converted into a partnership with the Polish district of Mysliborz . A merger of the district town of Bad Fallingbostel with the municipalities of Bomlitz and Walsrode to form the new town of Böhmetal was planned by 2011 . A public survey on November 2nd, 2008, however, revealed a clear rejection in Fallingbostel, while Walsrode and Bomlitz supported the idea.
On April 9, 2010, the district council decided with a majority of 27 to 11 votes (with one abstention) to rename the district from Soltau-Fallingbostel to Heidekreis. In particular, the representatives of the eponymous cities of Soltau and Bad Fallingbostel had spoken out against the name change. A citizen survey did not take place. The district has been using this term as an epithet for years. For example, there is the Heidekreis Music School, the Heidekreis Adult Education Center and the Heidekreis Clinic . An application was made to the Ministry of the Interior soon after. Since the neighboring districts of Lüneburg and Harburg had expressed their negative opinion, the decision was initially delayed. On May 30, 2011, Prime Minister David McAllister finally announced that the renaming to Heidekreis district would be approved on August 1, 2011. On July 7, 2011, the renaming of the district became official on August 1, 2011 when Uwe Schünemann signed the renaming certificate .
On January 19, 2018, it was decided to incorporate the Bomlitz community into the city of Walsrode , which came into force on January 1, 2020. This reduced the number of municipalities belonging to the district from 23 to 22.
Population development
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Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2019)
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Joint municipalities with their member municipalities
* Seat of the joint municipality administration
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- Osterheide [seat: Oerbke] (2789)
politics
District Administrator
In the district election on May 25, 2014 Manfred Ostermann ( non-party ) was re-elected as district administrator with 71.3% of the votes cast .
Former district administrators and senior district directors
From 1977 to January 2002, the district was headed by a dual leadership consisting of a senior district director as main administrative officer and an honorary district administrator , who mainly had a representative function. On February 1, 2002, these two functions were combined in the office of full-time district administrator.
The senior district director was Klaus Schumacher for the entire period from 1977 to 2002 . The honorary district administrators during this period were:
- 1977–1996: Wolfgang Buhr (CDU)
- 1996-2002: Hermann Söder (CDU)
The full-time district administrators were:
- 2002–2006: Hermann Söder (CDU)
- Since 2007: Manfred Ostermann (independent)
District council
The district council of the district of Heidekreis has 51 seats, one of which belongs to the incumbent district administrator. The chairman of the district council is currently Friedrich-Otto Ripke (CDU).
The 2016 district election resulted in the following result for the district of Heidekreis (in each case in% of the votes cast). Only those parties and electoral communities are listed that were able to win one or more seats in the district council at least once in the last elections.
| Parties and constituencies | 2016 | 2011 | 2006 | 2001 | |||||
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| be right | Seats | be right | Seats | be right | Seats | be right | Seats | ||
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 36.94 | 19th | 36.99 | 19th | 43.89 | 19th | 47.73 | 26th |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 32.86 | 16 | 34.64 | 17th | 34.75 | 15th | 37.57 | 20th |
| Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 9.47 | 5 | 12.54 | 6th | 6.65 | 3 | 5.27 | 2 |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 3.38 | 2 | 2.32 | 1 | 5.77 | 3 | 5.06 | 2 |
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 9.02 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| left | The left | 0.45 | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 1.74 | 1 | - | - |
| NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | 0.73 | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| BU | Citizens Union | 2.76 | 1 | 3.34 | 2 | 3.83 | 2 | 2.61 | 1 |
| WBL | Walsroder citizen list | 2.47 | 1 | 3.14 | 2 | 3.03 | 1 | - | - |
| BBB | Citizens for Bad Fallingbostel and Bomlitz | 1.46 | 1 | 0.93 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
| UWG | Independent voter community | - | - | 1.46 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| total | 50 | 50 | 44 | 51 | |||||
| Turnout in percent | 55.4 | 53.3 | 53.0 | 55.6 | |||||
A total of 50 seats
Members of the Bundestag and Landtag
In the 2017 federal election , Lars Klingbeil (SPD) won the direct mandate in the federal constituency of Rotenburg I - Heidekreis and thus also represents the interests of the Heidekreis in the German Bundestag .
The direct candidates of the constituencies of Soltau and Walsrode for the Lower Saxony state parliament are Karl-Ludwig von Danwitz (CDU) and Sebastian Zinke (SPD).
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Economy and Infrastructure
economy
In particular due to the convenient location in the city triangle Hamburg - Hanover - Bremen and the good connection of the commercial areas to motorways, federal highways and railways, numerous companies from industry and logistics have settled in the district. As before, the district of Heidekreis is also strongly characterized by agriculture and forestry. The Heidekreis belongs to the economic area of Hamburg and Hanover.
The largest employers in the region are Dow Wolff Cellulosics and Wipak in the Walsrode industrial park in Bomlitz (formerly Wolff Walsrode ), Mondelēz International (formerly Kraft) and Eckes AG in Bad Fallingbostel and Hagebau and Harry-Brot in Soltau. Another important economic factor is the German armed forces, which are particularly well represented in Munster .
tourism
The tourism in the Luneburg Heath is an important source of income, for example, by leisure and animal parks such as Heide-Park in Soltau, the Serengeti Park in Hodenhagen or the World Bird Park Walsrode is encouraged. The Soltau thermal baths and the Soltau Designer Outlet are also located in Soltau . Bispingen in particular also offers a wide range of tourist attractions with Center Parcs , the Snow Dome indoor ski area and other attractions.
The rivers offer opportunities for fishing, swimming and canoeing or rafting, and the heathland around the Wilseder Berg is ideal for hiking or cycling. To the north of Soltau lies the Lüneburg Heath Nature Park , which extends far beyond the district boundaries. In Neuenkirchen, the Schäferhof with its herd of Heidschnucken is a magnet.
Heide Park Resort in Soltau
Serengeti Park in Hodenhagen
traffic
By the circle area extending highways A 7 and A 27 ( Autobahndreieck Walsrode ). There are also more than 150 kilometers of federal roads ( 3 , 71 , 209 , 214 , 440 ) and an extensive network of state and district roads.
In rail traffic, the Uelzen - Soltau - Langwedel (" Amerikalinie ") and Buchholz in the Nordheide - Soltau - Hanover (" Heidebahn ") routes run through the region. The latter is driven every hour in each direction. The operator of these routes is " erixx ". There are also OHE freight lines .
To the east of the district are the NATO training areas in Bergen and Munster , which are only open to civil vehicles in a few places.
Medical and social institutions
The acute care Heidekreis Clinic is located in Soltau and Walsrode . There are rehabilitation clinics in Bad Fallingbostel ( Klinik Fallingbostel ) and Soltau ( MediClin Klinikum Soltau ). In addition, there is a wide range of specialists and general practitioners in the Heidekreis district.
A diverse range of social services includes retirement and nursing homes, outpatient hospice and judicial social services, addiction counseling, and facilities for workers' welfare and diakonia . In the district of Heidekreis there is the socio-educational assistance Vier Linden with houses in Groß Häuslingen, Südkampen, Walsrode and Bad Fallingbostel. Various youth aid is offered there and the social room office in Bad Fallingbostel is operated.
religion
Traditionally, the area of today's Heidekreis district is evangelical-Lutheran . The parishes belong to the two church districts of Soltau and Walsrode in the Lüneburg district of the regional church of Hanover . There are 29 parishes and churches and five chapels in the district.
Especially after the war, large Catholic parishes have formed, which belong to the diocese of Hildesheim , due to the influx of many expellees, guest workers from southern Europe and repatriates from east-central and eastern Europe . The municipalities have been subject to major restructuring processes since the turn of the millennium. In the old district of Fallingbostel, for example, several formerly independent Roman Catholic parishes were combined to form the new large parish of Sankt Maria , based in Walsrode, which also includes Visselhövede in the neighboring district of Rotenburg (Wümme). There are also parishes in Soltau with a branch church in Schneverdingen and in Munster .
A third of the district's population is non-denominational . Furthermore live in the district area u. a. Muslims , members of free churches and Jehovah's Witnesses .
There are four Jewish cemeteries in the Heidekreis district : in Ahlden , Rethem , Soltau and Walsrode . They are cultural monuments that are worth protecting - stone witnesses to formerly existing Jewish communities and a lively Jewish community life up to the 1930s.
Culture and sights
The district of Heidekreis is a member of the Lüneburg Landscape Association , which performs regional cultural and political tasks. The municipal culture officers within the cities and municipalities, the parishes, the savings banks, banks and private cultural initiatives also take care of cultural issues.
Museums and collections
- Dat ole Hus (Heath and Open Air Museum in Wilsede )
- German Tank Museum in Munster (German military history of the 20th century)
- Düshorn Village Museum (living and working like 100 years ago)
- Felto - Filzwelt Soltau (education and experience center on the subject of felt)
- Heidmark courtyard in Bad Fallingbostel (Heidmark memorial)
- Harry's klingendes Museum (museum for mechanical musical instruments) in Schwarmstedt
- Museum of the Archaeological Working Group in Bad Fallingbostel
- Museum Soltau (local history and archeology exhibition) in Soltau
- Toy Museum Soltau (toys from four centuries)
- Peetshof (Wietzendorf's witnesses around 1900) in Wietzendorf
- Prussian history (pavilion in the Iserhatsche landscape park) in Bispingen
- Desk and quill museum (school museum in Insel) in Schneverdingen
- Rischmannshof (Heath and Open Air Museum) in Walsrode
- Schäferhof Neuenkirchen (Schnuckenwirtschaft for the care of heather and moor areas between Neuenkirchen and Soltau) in Neuenkirchen
- Neuenkirchener Draisinenbahn (Draisinenbahn on a remainder of the former Soltau – Neuenkirchen railway line ) in Neuenkirchen
- Heimathaus on the Schroershof (historical courtyard complex with numerous buildings) in Neuenkirchen
- Art Association and Foundation Springhornhof in Neuenkirchen
- Bothmer school museum (school operation like in imperial times) in Schwarmstedt
- Ehrhorn forest experience center (forest - heath - people) in Schneverdingen
Historic sites
- the seven stone houses - large stone graves from the time from 3500 to 2800 BC Chr.
- Ahlden Castle - moated castle on the Aller from 1549
Nationally known leisure facilities
- Hodenhagen: Serengeti Park Hodenhagen
- Soltau: Heidepark Soltau
- Walsrode: Walsrode World Bird Park
Cinemas
- Schneverdingen: Lichtspiel Kino der Kulturstellmacherei
- Munster: Deutsches Haus (can only be rented for events)
- Walsrode: Capitol Theater
Nature reserves
There are 27 nature reserves in the Heidekreis district . The largest nature reserve, the Lüneburger Heide nature reserve , has an area of 13,222 ha in the area of the Heidekreis district, the smallest nature reserve, the Söhlbruch , an area of 8 ha.
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the Heidekreis district
- List of landscape protection areas in the Heidekreis district
- List of natural monuments in the Heidekreis district
- List of protected landscape components in the Heidekreis district
License Plate
On April 5, 1978, the district was assigned the FAL distinctive sign , which had been valid for the Fallingbostel district since July 1, 1956 . On January 15, 1981, he received the new license plate SFA . When the district was renamed on August 1, 2011, it was given the distinctive sign HK . This is still issued today.
literature
- Gernot Erler u. Kurt Brüsehoff: 10 art and cultural history excursions in the Soltau-Fallingbostel district. (Ed .: Landkreis Soltau-Fallingbostel), o. O. o. J. [approx. 1981], 147 pp.
- Gernot Erler, Kerstin Patzschke u. Kurt Brüsehoff (photos): Art history today from yesterday's heath. From the glove compartment of your car. Walsrode and the Fallingbosteler Land to show - go there and experience. Association of Friends of the Heidemuseum, Walsrode 1987.
- Gernot Erler, Stefanie Hahn u. Volker Fischer (photos): Soltau-Fallingbostel. New sensations to an old cultural landscape of the Lüneburg Heath. Gronemann, Walsrode 1998, 120 p. M. numerous Fig., ISBN 3-00-002505-7 .
Web links
- List of nature reserves in the SFA district
- Map of the nature reserves in the SFA district
- Literature from and about the district of Heidekreis in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Formation of the Fallingbostel district in the timeline on the Heidekreis website
- ^ First merging of circles in the timeline on the website of the Heidekreis
- ↑ Separation of the districts Fallingbostel and Soltau in the timeline on the website of the district Heidekreis
- ↑ First artillery shooting at the Bergen military training area in the timeline on the website of the district of Heidekreis
- ↑ First artillery shooting at the Bergen military training area in the timeline on the website of the district of Heidekreis
- ↑ Sponsorship for the home district of Rummelsburg / Pommern in the timeline on the website of the district of Heidekreis
- ↑ Sponsorship for the home district Soldin / Neumark in the timeline on the website of the Heidekreis
- ↑ Soltau-Lüneburg Agreement comes into force in the timeline on the Heidekreis website
- ^ End of the Soltau-Lüneburg Agreement in the timeline on the Heidekreis district website
- ^ Bargmann: The city of Soltau in the history of Lower Saxony. Volume 3, Chapter The Territorial and Administrative Reform, pp. 183–190.
- ↑ Timeline on the website of the district of Heidekreis
- ↑ Soltau-Fallingbostel now passé ( Memento from April 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Report from April 12, 2010 on Kreiszeitung.de
- ↑ Who can call themselves “Heidekreis” in the future? ( Memento of the original from May 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Article of the Hamburger Abendblatt from November 17, 2010
- ↑ "Heidekreis" officially approved report on Kreiszeitung.de from May 31, 2011
- ↑ District renaming certificate dated July 7, 2011 (PDF; 246 kB)
- ↑ Law on the unification of the city of Walsrode and the municipality of Bomlitz, Heidekreis district of October 25, 2018. In: Lower Saxony Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 14 of November 1, 2018, p. 223
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1981
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1986
- ↑ a b c d e f Lower Saxony regional database
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Hamburg Metropolitan Region: A highly attractive economic area. Retrieved June 26, 2020 .
- ↑ The social ABC for the Heidekreis ( memento of the original from October 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the county’s official website
- ↑ LANDKREIS SOLTAU-FALLINGBOSTEL. In: Jewish cemeteries according to the current administrative structure - Lower Saxony. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of the Federal Republic of Germany
- ↑ Heidekreis district at NLWKN
- ↑ New nature reserves from 2009 at NLWKN
- ↑ nature reserve "Söhlbruch" License Plate: NSG LÜ 045
Counties : Ammerland | Aurich | Celle | Cloppenburg | Cuxhaven | Diepholz | Emsland | Friesland | Gifhorn | Goslar | Göttingen | County of Bentheim | Hameln-Pyrmont | Harburg | Heidekreis | Helmstedt | Hildesheim | Holzminden | Empty | Lüchow-Dannenberg | Lüneburg | Nienburg / Weser | Northeim | Oldenburg | Osnabrück | Osterholz | Peine | Rotenburg (Wümme) | Schaumburg | Stade | Uelzen | Vechta | Verden | Wesermarsch | Wittmund | Wolfenbüttel
Region : Hanover
Independent cities : Braunschweig | Delmenhorst | Emden | Oldenburg (Oldb) | Osnabrück | Salzgitter | Wilhelmshaven | Wolfsburg