Wense (Osterheide)

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Wense is to the north of the military training area
Historical map of the Ostheidmark
General plan of the Wense district

Wense is a district in the north of Ostheidmark in the old district of Fallingbostel , today a district of the community-free area Osterheide in the district of Heidekreis . By law of September 5, 1848, a community association was formed from the Wense estate, the Hintergrefel farm and 12 other mining sites at the time . The community belongs to the parish of Dorfmark .

history

Former manor of the von der Wense family (from 1907)
Wenser Chapel from 1672

Wense was dominated by the von der Wense family for centuries . The von der Wense family was first mentioned in documents in 1322 in the document book of the St. Johannis Walsrode monastery . At that time the nuns Alburgis, Elizabet and Margareta de Wense bought land from the monastery. In the feudal register of the dukes Otto III. and Wilhelm II. (Braunschweig-Lüneburg) from 1330-1352 are first u. a. two farms called "zu Wense", Johan zu Wense "carried them as a fief" . The family also acquired the so-called Ohlehof near Wense and the Dorfmark estate in 1559 . During the Thirty Years' War the Wense estate was largely devastated. The son of District Administrator Wilhelm von der Wense (1586–1641), Friedrich Wilhelm (1654–1699), restored the building and rebuilt the chapel. This was inaugurated in 1672. The house built by Friedrich Wilhelm in the style of a water castle was demolished around the beginning of the 18th century . From September 5, 1700, Georg von der Wense (1662–1728) was the owner of the property, the buildings of which were severely neglected. His son Christian Ludwig Friedrich (1708–1767) took over the previously leased property. In Wense he restores the dilapidated house and rebuilds all the outbuildings. He also creates a large garden based on the French model. The manor house, which still exists today, was built in 1907 by Hilmer von der Wense (1864–1928), a trained forester and lawyer . Hilmer von der Wense has his final resting place in the cemetery in Wense.

Wense's children went to school in Jettebruch, a suburb of Fallingbostel . From 1718 to 1741 there was no school operation and the students had to go to school in Dorfmark. Until 1853, the school in Jettebruch was run as a so-called series school . On October 20, 1853, the type of school as a row school ceased, because a new school building was built and inaugurated in Jettebruch.

The first sawmill powered by water power worked until 1904. As it was very small (it only had one saw), it was replaced by a larger sawmill in 1904. This had to be torn down in 1940 because the route of the Hamburg-Hanover autobahn (today's A 7 ) was planned directly behind the sawmill. The ponds were originally only intended for intensive fishing until they were also used for the sawmills. They are now natural and are only used as fish ponds . The Wenser Bach provides the water supply. Until 1922 there was also a “brickworks” in Wense.

In connection with the armament of the Wehrmacht , the Heidmark was chosen to create the Bergen military training area due to the sparse population and the varied landscape . From summer 1935 to May 1936 the population was resettled and the area cleared. The farm owners were compensated, the buildings were largely demolished. The last owner of the Wense estate was Ernst-August von der Wense . He was the only one who managed to keep part of his property. The manor chapel and cemetery with half an acre of land are still owned by the von der Wenses. The family got a new place to stay in Ellerbruch . The total size of the municipal area of ​​Wense was 792 hectares , of which 702 hectares fell into the military training area.

Population development

Wense had the following population development:
1821 - 163 inhabitants
1848 - 186 inhabitants
1933 - 148 inhabitants

present

Today there are around 40 residents in Wense. In the former manor house is the Lower Saxony Federal Forestry Department of the Federal Forests division of the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks . The Heimatverein for the parish of Dorfmark maintains a historical museum house in Wense. The former Gasthaus Wensekrug is currently (May 2018) officially closed due to construction defects.

  • In Wense

  • The old draw well (probably from the beginning of the 19th century)

  • Former mill pond

  • Cemetery of the Wense family next to the chapel

  • Grave of Hilmer vd Wense, builder of the manor house

  • Relief on the chapel with the coat of arms of those von der Wense

  • Epitaph Jürgen (Georg) von der Wense (1496–1572) at the chapel

  • Epitaph Wilhelm von der Wense (1586–1641) at the chapel

literature

  • Hans Stuhlmacher : The Heidmark. Publisher CM Engelhardt, Hanover 1939
  • Hinrich Baumann: The Heidmark - Change of Landscape: The History of the Bergen Military Training Area. Oerbke 2005, ISBN 3-00-017185-1 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 55 ′ 17 ″  N , 9 ° 49 ′ 21 ″  E

Web links

Commons : Wense  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Wense in the Topographia Braunschweig Lüneburg (Matthäus Merian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wense Ellerbruch Forest Management, Wingst
  2. ↑ Heimatverein Dorfmark