Böhme (river)
|
Böhme ^ |
||
 |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | EN : 4894 | |
| location | District of Heidekreis , Lower Saxony , Germany | |
| River system | Weser | |
| Drain over | Aller → Weser → North Sea | |
| source | in the Pietzmoor south of Schneverdingen 53 ° 5 ′ 51 ″ N , 9 ° 50 ′ 10 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 81 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | between Ahlden and Rethem in the Aller coordinates: 52 ° 46 ′ 35 " N , 9 ° 28 ′ 3" E 52 ° 46 ′ 35 " N , 9 ° 28 ′ 3" E |
|
| Mouth height | 18 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 63 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.89 ‰ | |
| length | 71 km | |
| Catchment area | 611 km² or 562.09 km² | |
| Discharge at the Brock A Eo gauge : 285 km² Location: 32.5 km above the mouth |
NNQ (06/28/1989) MNQ 1961–1989 MQ 1961–1989 Mq 1961–1989 MHQ 1961–1989 HHQ (01/16/1968) |
952 l / s 1.6 m³ / s 3.34 m³ / s 11.7 l / (s km²) 20.2 m³ / s 46.7 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the mouth of the A Eo : 611 km² |
MQ Mq |
6.4 m³ / s 10.5 l / (s km²) |
| Left tributaries | Haesbeck, Große Aue , Kleine Aue, Forellenbach, Fischendorfer Bach, Steinbach, Oerbker Bach, Steinförthsbach | |
| Right tributaries | Rönnebeck, Steertbeck, Soltau , Jette, Bomlitz , Warnau , Rieselbach, Fulde , Jordanbach | |
| Medium-sized cities | Soltau , Walsrode | |
| Small towns | Bad Fallingbostel | |
| Communities | Böhme | |
 The middle Böhmetal (above Bad Fallingbostel ) |
||
The Bohemian is the longest right tributary of the Aller with the richest water . Over a length of 71 kilometers, it runs through the district of Heidekreis , Lower Saxony ( Germany ), mostly in a south-westerly direction .
course
The Böhme rises on the southwest edge of the Lüneburg Heath Nature Park in the Pietzmoor . It leaves its headwaters southwest of the town of Schneverdingen and heads south and after about 15 kilometers crosses the town of Soltau . Later it runs a short distance along the north-western border of the Bergen-Hohne military training area and crosses the center of Dorfmark and Bad Fallingbostel . Above Walsrode it forms, northwest ausholend, the knee Böhme and finally reached after stretched southwestern course little below the small community Böhme (between Ahlden and Rethem ) the Aller .
description
The Böhme is the westernmost of the larger rivers of the Südheide. Unlike this, however, it is characterized by a relatively narrow valley in the middle course between Dorfmark and Walsrode, the specialty of which is the 40 m high steep banks of the Fallingbosteler Lieth . The tourist appreciation of the valley, which began at the end of the 19th century, is reflected in local names such as “Honerdinger Switzerland” (made unrecognizable due to sand mining) and “Böhmeschlucht”. It was initially based on the landscape unit with the small mountainous Falkenberg - terminal moraine with the large stone graves of the seven stone houses and the former Achterberg recreation area , today in the Bergen-Hohne military training area. At the moment, in addition to the spa in Bad Fallingbostel, excursion traffic dominates, especially to the bird park in Walsrode and the Lönsgrab near Walsrode, the largest town in the Bohemian Valley.
This area, also known as Heidmark , has a locally increased population density, partly because of the more fertile soils of the loam heaths there, but mainly due to the early industrialization in Bomlitz (on the tributary of the Böhme).
The upper section of the valley is spacious and more typical of the southern Lüneburg Heath . Here the Böhme rises from several earlier peat hollows in the rewetted Pietzmoor near Schneverdingen. The main town of the upper reaches is the road and rail junction of Soltau, a town of similar centrality to Walsrode and known for its Heide Park north of town.
Below Walsrode the valley suddenly widens to the Aller - glacial valley with a wooded alluvial fan-like valley sand plain.
Almost all of the water has quality class II: moderately polluted . Only a few short sections in the area of Soltau and Walsrode show quality class II – III: critically loaded .
Hydrology
Like many heather rivers, the Böhme has a very balanced annual flow rate. The seasonally significantly more fluctuating groundwater recharge rate (largely determined by the ratio of precipitation and evaporation) is balanced out by the high storage volume of the Saale-time glacial and fluvio-glacial sediments , which make up the hills and plateaus on both sides of the Bohemian Valley.
Mean monthly discharge (in m³ / s) at the Brock gauge
(height: 39.4 m, catchment area: 285 km², based on the values from 1961 to 1989)
Tributaries
- Soltau (flows from the right in the center of the city of Soltau)
- Große Aue (rises near Deimern and flows south of Tetendorf into the Böhme)
- Fischendorfer Bach (drains the highest parts of the Falkenberg terminal moraine and flows from the left on the southern edge of the village of Dorfmark)
- Steinbach (flows into a blocked, mountainous-looking stream bed from the left)
- Bomlitz (largest tributary of the Böhme, flows from the right in the Eibia-Lohheide recreation areabetween Bomlitz and Walsrode)
- Warnau (second largest tributary stream, flows 1 km below the Bomlitz from the right at the Hünenburg to the picturesque steep bank stretch)
- Rieselbach (flows through the bird park Walsrode and flows from the right)
- Fulde (drains the Grundlose Moor and flows into the Böhme in Walsrode south of the Klostersee)
- Jordanbach (drains the large Vehmsmoor and flows into the right at Altenboitzen)
Localities
The localities on the Böhme include:
The river was to be named after a town of Böhmetal , which - after failed planning - was to be formed in 2011 by merging the three municipalities of Bomlitz , Bad Fallingbostel and Walsrode.
Economy and Transport
The current economic development of the Böhmetal is largely determined by the favorable traffic situation near the Walsrode motorway junction at the intersection of the catchment areas of Bremen , Hamburg and Hanover (logistics company, excursion traffic) and further by industry, mainly in Bomlitz ( Walsrode industrial park , Dow Wolff Cellulosics , Wipak ) and Bad Fallingbostel (main plant of Mondelēz International in Europe).
The A7 , the B209 and, since 1890, the Heidebahn follow the course of the Böhme at a short distance . Crossing railway lines of lesser importance are the so-called America Line and the Bomlitz – Walsrode railway line .
reception
The local poet Hermann Löns writes about the Böhme:
“It is wonderfully beautiful here in May time, when the yellow lilies bloom on the bays of the Böhme and the yellow mountain stilts fly over the tide, and on summer days when the Böhme wears the wreath of forget-me-nots [...] the ditches are in all colors of flowers and the garden bunting from the high hanging birch sings her little melancholy song; then you learn to understand what Haidhunger is, [...] "
See also
Web links
- Information for canoeists
- Landscape profile of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
- Driving rules for the Böhme , published by DKV (PDF)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Horst Behrendt et al .: Quantification of nutrient inputs into surface waters in Germany on the basis of a harmonized procedure ; PDF file; 14.26 MB (research report 299 222 285 of the Federal Environment Agency), Berlin 2003 ISSN 0722-186X ; Tab.2.4 (including correction factor for location Böhme )
- ^ Environment Lower Saxony - Area Directory Weser
- ↑ Water science yearbook Weser-Ems 1998
- ↑ discharge value of the Brock gauge, increased by the discharge of the remaining catchment area (326 km²); its area discharge of 9.4 l / s.km² is averaged from the values of the surrounding gauges Brock (Böhme; 11.7), Worth ( Wiedau ; 10.5), Lehringen ( Lehrde ; 10.1) and Feuerschützenbostel ( Örtze ; 8 , 1), taking into account underground water losses from the catchment area to the Wümme
- ^ From: Richard Linde : Die Lüneburger Heide , 6th edition, 1921
- ↑ Information on the water quality of the northern Bohemian ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Information on the water quality of the southern Bohemian ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
