Harburg district
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 19 ′ N , 9 ° 58 ′ E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Lower Saxony |
| Administrative headquarters : | Winsen (Luhe) |
| Area : | 1,245.03 km 2 |
| Residents: | 254,431 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 204 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | WL |
| Circle key : | 03 3 53 |
| NUTS : | DE933 |
| Circle structure: | 42 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Schlossplatz 6 21423 Winsen (Luhe) |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Rainer Rempe ( CDU ) |
| Location of the Harburg district in Lower Saxony | |
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The district of Harburg is a local authority in the metropolitan region of Hamburg in the north of the country Lower Saxony . It was created in 1932 from the smaller Harburg district and the Winsen district and is part of the Lüneburg Landscape Association . The district town is Winsen (Luhe) , the most populous municipality is Seevetal . The district bears the name for historical reasons, as the district administration was previously in Harburg .
geography
Natural conditions
The district borders on the marshland of the Lower Elbe in the northeast . In the north-west lies the ridge of the Harburg Mountains , in which the 155-meter-high Hülsenberg (west of Sieversen) is also the highest elevation in the district and borders the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg , which today also includes the former city that gave the district its name Harburg (Elbe) belongs. In the south it comprises parts of the Lüneburg Heath Nature Park and the Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve, as well as parts of the Stader Geest .
Natural allocation
The district of Harburg extends over parts of the natural spatial main unit groups Lüneburg Heath (No. 64), Lower Elbe Lowlands (Elbmarsch) (No. 67) and Stader Geest (No. 63).
Settlement structure
The largest city in the district is Buchholz in the north heath . The largest municipality is Seevetal , which with just under 40,000 inhabitants is the most populous municipality in Germany without a town charter . Overall, the district is characterized by belonging to the Hamburg metropolitan region. The settlement structure is oriented primarily along the traffic axes that emanate from Hamburg in the direction of Stade , Rotenburg (Wümme) and Lüneburg .
Neighboring areas
The county Harburg bordered clockwise to the north starting at Hamburg with the districts of Harburg and Bergedorf , to the Duchy of Lauenburg (in Schleswig-Holstein ) and to the counties Lüneburg , Heidekreis , Rotenburg (Wümme) and Stade (all in Lower Saxony).
history
The area of today's Harburg district originally belonged to the Principality of Lüneburg and came to the Electorate and later Kingdom of Hanover through Guelf inheritance divisions . After this was annexed by Prussia in 1866 , it has since belonged to the Landdrostei Lüneburg in the Prussian province of Hanover . On September 12, 1867, the cities of Harburg and Winsen (Luhe) as well as the offices of Harburg, Tostedt and Winsen were combined to form the Harburg control group for financial and military purposes .
With effect from April 1, 1885, the State of Prussia formed the Harburg district from the city of Harburg, the Harburg district (also known as the district) from the Harburg and Tostedt offices and the Winsen district from the Winsen district and the city of Winsen . Both districts were assigned to the administrative district of Lüneburg , which existed until the administrative districts in Lower Saxony were dissolved in 2004.
The seat of the Harburg district was initially the city of Harburg in the Harburg district. The district gave Heimfeld and Wilstorf in 1888 , Lauenbruch in 1906 and Eißendorf in 1910 to the city of Harburg. On September 1, 1925, the municipality of Wilhelmsburg was spun off from the Harburg district as a now independent city and two years later in 1927 it was merged with the city of Harburg to form the city of Harburg-Wilhelmsburg . On August 1, 1932, most of the Harburg district and the Winsen district were merged to form the new Harburg district. The municipality of Lauenbrück moved to the Rotenburg district . At the same time, as part of the dissolution of the district of Jork , the district boundary was moved west to the Este , so that the communities Francop , Hove , Neuenfelde , Rübke and Moorende came into the district of Harburg. Harburg remained a district town.
As part of the Greater Hamburg Act , the city of Harburg-Wilhelmsburg and, from the Harburg district, the municipalities of Altenwerder , Preußisch Finkenwerder , Fischbek , Francop , Gut Moor , Preußisch Kirchwerder , Langenbek , Marmstorf , Neuenfelde , Neugraben , Neuland went on April 1, 1937 , Rönneburg , Sinstorf and the village of Overhaken (until March 31, 1937 part of the municipality of Over ) from Prussia to the State of Hamburg, before being absorbed into the newly formed “Hanseatic City of Hamburg” the following year. Today the places are mostly districts that are predominantly in the Hamburg district of Harburg , in which the district of Harburg , the old town center of Harburg / Elbe, forms the center.
On January 1, 1939, through the unification of the administrative units in the German Reich, the name Harburg district became official, the already commonly used form Harburg district .
However, Harburg initially remained the seat of the Harburg district. After the district administration in Harburg was destroyed in the Second World War , it moved to the castle in Winsen (Luhe) in 1944 . Under the British occupation after the end of the war, the district was assigned to the state of Hanover , which emerged from the province of Hanover and Lower Saxony, which emerged from it in 1946. In 1958 Winsen (Luhe) was finally set as the district seat. In 1961 the district administration moved into a modern new building in the immediate vicinity of the castle.
A series of territorial reforms took place between 1968 and 1974 . First, on July 1, 1968, the municipality of Achterdeich was incorporated into the municipality of Stelle and on January 1, 1970, the municipality of Daerstorf was incorporated into the municipality of Neu Wulmstorf .
The law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Harburg area and the law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Cuxhaven / Land Hadeln / Stade area on July 1st, 1972 brought about a comprehensive reorganization :
- The number of municipalities in the district was significantly reduced through numerous community mergers, in which, among other things, the new large communities Neu Wulmstorf , Rosengarten and Seevetal were formed in their current extent.
- The municipality of Obermarschacht from the Lüneburg district was incorporated into the municipality of Marschacht .
- The communities Avendorf , Bütlingen and Tespe from the district of Lüneburg were merged into a new community of Tespe, which came to the district of Harburg.
- The communities of Hove and Moorende left the Harburg district and were incorporated into the Jork community in the Stade district.
- The communities Daensen , Eilendorf , Immenbeck , Ketzendorf and Ovelgönne left the Harburg district and were incorporated into the town of Buxtehude in the Stade district. Some parcels went to the community of Neu Wulmstorf.
With the law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Lüneburg area , the delimitation of the Harburg district that is still valid today was finally created on March 1, 1974:
- The communities of Handorf , Radbruch and Wittorf moved to the district of Lüneburg.
- The municipalities of Raven , Rolfsen and Soderstorf were merged into a new municipality of Soderstorf, which moved to the district of Lüneburg.
- The municipality of Wetzen was incorporated into the municipality of Oldendorf (Luhe) in the Lüneburg district.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 36,736 | |
| 1900 | 48,805 | |
| 1910 | 60,755 | |
| 1925 | 69,308 | |
| 1939 | 65,031 | |
| 1950 | 120,270 | |
| 1960 | 113,200 | |
| 1970 | 144,500 | |
| 1980 | 184,400 | |
| 1990 | 198.416 | |
| 2000 | 232.799 | |
| 2010 | 246,868 |
Religions
Traditionally, the area of today's Harburg district is evangelical-Lutheran . The parishes belong to the two church districts Winsen and Hittfeld of the regional church of Hanover . Especially after the war, large Catholic communities have formed, which belong to the Diocese of Hildesheim , due to the influx of many expellees, new citizens from West and South Germany, guest workers from South Europe and resettlers from East Central and Eastern Europe . According to the 2011 census, 44.8% of the population were members of the Evangelical Church in Hanover, 6.4% were members of the Roman Catholic Church and 48.8% of the population had no or any other religious affiliation
politics
District elections
| Parties and constituencies | Percent 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
Percent 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
Percent 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
Percent 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 33.7 | 21st | 38.0 | 24 | 42.8 | 27 | 42.9 | 28 |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 25.3 | 16 | 30.1 | 19th | 28.7 | 18th | 33.2 | 22nd |
| Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 13.9 | 9 | 16.6 | 10 | 9.3 | 6th | 8.6 | 5 |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 5.8 | 3 | 4.2 | 3 | 9.3 | 6th | 8.2 | 5 |
| left | The left | 2.8 | 2 | 1.9 | 1 | 2.2 | 1 | ||
| Flat share | Community of voters | 3.7 | 2 | 4.7 | 3 | 5.6 | 3 | 3.9 | 2 |
| FW-S | FREE VOTERS Seevetal | 4.8 | 3 | 1.8 | 1 | ||||
| Pirates | Pirate Party Germany | 1.5 | 1 | ||||||
| FrWi | Free Winsener | 0.7 | 0 | 2.0 | 1 | ||||
| AGP | Alliance Gray Panthers | 0.1 | 0 | ||||||
| pdv Nds. | Party of Reason Lower Saxony | 0.1 | 0 | ||||||
| WGNH-LH | Voting community Nordheide in the district of Harburg | 0.3 | 0 | ||||||
| REP | The Republicans | 1.3 | 0 | ||||||
| DP | GERMAN PARTY | 1.0 | 1 | ||||||
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 9.8 | 6th | ||||||
| total | 100 | 62 | 100 | 62 | 100 | 62 | 100 | 63 | |
| Turnout in percent | 57.0 | 54.2 | 49.6 | 58.8 | |||||
District administrators
From 2003 onwards, they are full-time district administrators.
- 1885–1909 Bernhard von Goeschen
- 1909–1925 Felix Rötger
- 1925–1929 Hans Helferich
- 1929–1931 Hans von Hoffmann
- 1932–1934 Heinrich von Bernstorff (DDP / DStP)
- 1934–1944 Hans Waldow Ritzler (NSDAP)
- 1944–1946 provisional administration by district employees
- 1946 Alfred Strack
- 1946–1949 Wilhelm Bahlburg (NLP / DP)
- 1949–1951 Philipp Helbach (SPD)
- 1951–1952 Hermann Hartmann (DP)
- 1952–1952 Karl Buchholz (DP, later CDU)
- 1952–1956 Fritz Broistedt (DP)
- 1956–1961 Otto Wilhelm Schneider (DP)
- 1961–1964 Karl Buchholz (DP, later CDU)
- 1964–1968 Philipp Helbach (SPD)
- 1968–1973 Otto Schäfer (CDU)
- 1973–1996 Otto Gellersen (CDU)
- 1996-2001 Jens-Rainer Ahrens (SPD)
- 2001–2003 Norbert Böhlke (CDU)
- 2003-2006 Axel Gedaschko (CDU)
- 2006-2014 Joachim Bordt (FDP)
- since September 15, 2014 Rainer Rempe (CDU)
Upper District Directors
- 1946–1947 Alfred Strack
- 1948–1949 Hans-Joachim Olschock
- 1950–1978 Andreas Dehn
- 1978–1994 Hans-Joachim Röhrs
- 1994–2002 Hans-Bodo Hesemann
Bundestag elections
Since the Bundestag election in 2009, the district corresponds to the Bundestag constituency of Harburg . In the previous federal elections, the Harburg district also belonged to the Harburg - Soltau and Soltau-Fallingbostel - Winsen (Luhe) constituencies .
coat of arms
Blazon: “As a sign of its connection with the historical past, the coat of arms of the district shows the upright, red-tongued and red-armored, blue Lüneburg lions of the Guelph ancestral lands with a silver key from Bremen between their paws on a golden field and surrounded by 12 red hearts . "
Economy and Transport
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district of Harburg was ranked 70th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the places with "high future prospects".
Trunk road network
- A 1 Hamburg – Bremen
- A 7 Hamburg – Hanover
- A 39 (until November 2010 A 250 ) Hamburg – Lüneburg
- A 261 Hamburg-Harburg-Buchholz (corner connection A1 / A7)
- B4
- B 3 Buxtehude – Buchholz – Soltau – Hanover
- B 73 Hamburg – Buxtehude – Stade – Cuxhaven
- B 75 Hamburg – Buchholz – Rotenburg – Bremen
- B 404 Geesthacht – Winsen – Lüneburg
railroad
Local rail passenger transport in the district is heavily geared towards Hamburg and has been fully integrated into the Hamburg transport association since 2004 . Long-distance trains have not stopped in the district since 2005. The features of transport currently by the metronom Railroad Company , the S-Bahn Hamburg (Hamburg-Stade S3) and the Erixx GmbH operated (Heidebahn). The district is interested in expanding the S-Bahn network to Tostedt and Winsen. The Hamburg side does not consider these ideas to be feasible, so that in the long term a corresponding expansion of the Hanse network appears realistic.
Routes with passenger traffic:
- KBS 110 Hamburg – Winsen – Lüneburg – Uelzen – Celle – Hanover ( Hamburg – Hanover railway )
- KBS 120 Hamburg – Buchholz – Tostedt – Rotenburg – Bremen ( taxiway )
- KBS 121 Hamburg – Buxtehude – Stade – Cuxhaven ( Niederelbebahn )
- KBS 123 Buchholz – Schneverdingen – Soltau – Walsrode – Bennemühlen – Hanover ( Heidebahn )
Routes without regular passenger traffic:
- Buchholz – Jesteburg – Maschen
- Winsen – Niedermarschacht
- Winsen – Salzhausen – Egestorf – Hützel
- Tostedt – Sittensen – Zeven – Wilstedt
Disused routes:
Europe's largest marshalling yard, the Maschen marshalling yard is located in the Harburg district.
Bus transport
The towns of Neu Wulmstorf, Fleestedt and Meckelfeld close to the city are connected to the Hamburg-Harburg city bus network with frequent trips. The KVG Stade operates in the rest of the district . From Harburg there are approximately hourly connections to Over, Hittfeld - Jesteburg and the community of Rosengarten. They are also operated in the evenings and on weekends. The Buchholz – Jesteburg – Hanstedt line also falls into this category of dense overland traffic. A basic offer exists in all parts of the Seevetal municipality, with some lines starting from the district town of Winsen and in the connection from Hollenstedt. Numerous places are only connected to the school bus, which can be used by anyone at the HVV tariff.
Healthcare
The Buchholz hospital and the Winsen hospital are jointly sponsored by the district. Both hospitals are part of the Elbe-Heide-Krankenhausverbund, which includes several clinics in the southern Hamburg area. By 2015, there were in Salzhausen the hospital Salzhausen , which was operated by a non-profit society. It was closed due to bankruptcy.
Communities
The number of inhabitants on December 31, 2019 in brackets
- Buchholz in der Nordheide , town, independent municipality (39,729)
- New Wulmstorf (21,258)
- Rosengarten [seat: Nenndorf] (13,672)
- Seevetal [seat: Hittfeld], independent municipality (41,591)
- Point (11,305)
- Winsen (Luhe) , district town , independent municipality (35,227)
Joint municipalities with their member municipalities
* Seat of the joint municipality administration
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1. Elbmarsch municipality (12,877) 2. Joint municipality Hanstedt (14,811) 3. Joint municipality of Hollenstedt (11,711)
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4. Joint municipality Jesteburg (11,144)
5. Joint municipality of Salzhausen (14,498)
6. Samtgemeinde Tostedt (26.608)
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Former parishes
The following list contains all former municipalities that ever belonged to the Harburg district.
- 1 today in Hamburg
- 2 today in the district of Stade
- 3a today a municipality in the district of Lüneburg
- 3b today in the district of Lüneburg
- 4 today a municipality in the district of Rotenburg (Wümme)
All other communities have merged into today's communities in the Harburg district.
Protected areas
In addition to landscape protection areas and natural monuments, there are 21 designated nature reserves in the district (as of February 2017).
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the Harburg district
- List of landscape protection areas in the Harburg district
- List of natural monuments in the Harburg district
- List of protected landscape components in the Harburg district
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign WL (Winsen (Luhe)) when the vehicle license plates were introduced . It is still issued today.
media
literature
- District Harburg (Ed.): District Harburg. With texts by Stefanie Maeck and photographs by Martin Kunze . Harburg district self-published, Winsen (Luhe) 2012, ISBN 978-3-9815626-0-6 .
- District Harburg (Hrsg.): District calendar 2017. Yearbook for the district Harburg . Lühmanndruck Harburger Zeitungsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG.
- Joachim Bordt (Ed.): Harburg District Social Report. Numbers. Data. Facts . (As of January 2011).
- Joachim Bordt (Ed.): District of Harburg Economic Report. Numbers. Data. Facts . (As of January 2012).
- Norbert Fischer : Challenges of Structural Change - The Harburg District between 1945 and 1970 . In: “The restrained structural change. Economic development in the district of Harburg between 1945 and 1970. "Ed. By the economic development in the district of Harburg (WLH), Buchholz in der Nordheide 2013, 5th unchanged edition.
- Norbert Fischer: Dynamic structural change. The Harburg district as a business location in the Hamburg metropolitan region . A publication on the economic development of the Harburg district from 1970 until today. Published by the economic development in the district of Harburg (WLH), Buchholz in der Nordheide 2014.
Movie
- Carsten Rau, Hauke Wendler: Welcome in German . Nationwide cinema release: March 12, 2015, DVD release: November 27, 2015.
Web links
- Literature from and about Harburg district in the catalog of the German National Library
- Website of the district of Harburg
- Economic development in the district of Harburg (WLH) . (Reference source for literature on structural change in the region.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ The self-administration laws for the province of Hanover, district and provincial order from 6./7. May 1884, Berlin, 1887, page 38
- ^ History of district formation in Germany # Hannover Province
- ^ Prussian State Ministry, § 66, Ordinance on the reorganization of districts, from August 1, 1932 Preußische Gesetzessammlung, Berlin 1932; No. 43 , R. von Deckers Verlag, G. Schenk, 1932, pages 255-273
- ^ Law on the incorporation of the Achterdeich community into the Stelle community, June 27, 1968
- ^ Law on the integration of the Daerstorf community into the Neu Wulmstorf community, December 23, 1969
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Harburg area, June 27, 1972
- ^ Law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the area of Cuxhaven / Land Hadeln / Stade, June 27, 1972
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Lüneburg area, May 28, 1973
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. harburg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1981
- ↑ a b c Lower Saxony regional database
- ↑ Harburg district population by age (5 age groups) and religion , accessed on February 14, 2020
- ↑ Results of the local elections in 2001 and 2006. In: nls.niedersachsen.de. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
- ^ Result of the local elections 2011. (No longer available online.) In: nls.niedersachsen.de. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on September 12, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Election result of local elections 2011 Harburg district. In: Wahlen.landkreis-harburg.de. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
- ↑ http://wahlen.landkreis-harburg.de/App/kw2016.html
- ^ Retired District Administrator Joachim Bordt. In: landkreis-harburg.de. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
- ^ District Administrator Rainer Rempe. In: landkreis-harburg.de. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
- ^ Rainer Rempe wins district election, May 26, 2014, Harburg district
- ^ Election results for the district election 2014. In: wahlen.landkreis-harburg.de. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
- ↑ § 2, sentence (1) of the main statute of the district of Harburg in the version. (PDF) In: landkreis-harburg.de. July 23, 2012, accessed November 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ [1] Salzhausen Hospital: Out after 118 years
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ^ Municipal directory 1910: Harburg district
- ↑ territorial.de: Harburg district
Counties : Ammerland | Aurich | Celle | Cloppenburg | Cuxhaven | Diepholz | Emsland | Friesland | Gifhorn | Goslar | Göttingen | County of Bentheim | Hameln-Pyrmont | Harburg | Heidekreis | Helmstedt | Hildesheim | Holzminden | Empty | Lüchow-Dannenberg | Lüneburg | Nienburg / Weser | Northeim | Oldenburg | Osnabrück | Osterholz | Peine | Rotenburg (Wümme) | Schaumburg | Stade | Uelzen | Vechta | Verden | Wesermarsch | Wittmund | Wolfenbüttel
Region : Hanover
Independent cities : Braunschweig | Delmenhorst | Emden | Oldenburg (Oldb) | Osnabrück | Salzgitter | Wilhelmshaven | Wolfsburg